Notopala

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Notopala
Temporal range: Aptian-Recent [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Architaenioglossa
Family: Viviparidae
Subfamily: Bellamyinae
Genus: Notopala
Cotton, 1935 [2]
Type species
Paludina hanleyi
Frauenfeld, 1864
Synonyms

NotopalenaIredale, 1943

Notopala is a genus of moderately large to large, freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs in the family Viviparidae, the river snails or mystery snails.

Contents

Description

The shell is dextral and globose-conic. [3] The shell has up to five whorls. [3] The aperture is subovate. [3] The operculum is corneous and concentric. [3] Colour is usually yellow, olive green, brown, cream or white and sometimes may have darker spiral bands. [4] Head-foot with long tentacles with eyes on short processes at their outer bases; often pigmented with multiple different colours. [4]

Distribution

The genus Notopala is native to Australia. Notopala is found in all states and territories except Tasmania. It occurs throughout Queensland and New South Wales, northern Western Australia and Northern Territory and in the Murray-Darling Basin in Victoria and South Australia.

Habitat and ecology

Generally occurs on fine sediment and/or on and under rocks and logs. Members of Notopala are thought to be grazers of periphyton and occur in slow moving or still waters. [5] Some species are able to aestivate in mud during dry periods.

Species

Species within the genus Notopala include:

Note:

"Banded species of Notopala occur in several parts of northern Australia and Queensland that are similar to N. essingtonensis, N. tricincta and N. kingi but are thought to be different species (W. Ponder, unpublished studies). These should be identified simply as Notopala sp." [4]

The type species of the genus Notopala is Paludina hanleyi Frauenfeld, 1862, by original designation [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viviparidae</span> Family of gastropods

Viviparidae, sometimes known as the river snails or mystery snails, are a family of large aquatic gastropod mollusks, being some of the most widely distributed operculate freshwater snails.

<i>Viviparus</i> Genus of gastropods

Viviparus, commonly known as the river snails, is a genus of large, freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic gastropod molluscs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chinese mystery snail</span> Species of gastropod

The Chinese mystery snail, black snail, or trapdoor snail, is a large freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae. The Japanese variety of this species is black and usually a dark green, moss-like alga covers the shell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Australian freshwater limpet</span> Species of gastropod

The Australian freshwater limpet or Tasmanian freshwater limpet, scientific name Ancylastrum cumingianus, is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail or freshwater limpet, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Planorbidae. This species is endemic to freshwater lakes in the Central Plateau of Tasmania.

Glyptophysa is a genus of medium-sized sinistral (left-handed) air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family of Planorbidae.

Notopala sublineata is a species of large, freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Viviparidae, the river snails or mystery snails. This species is endemic to Australia.

<i>Viviparus georgianus</i> Species of gastropod

Viviparus georgianus, common name the banded mystery snail, is a species of large freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae, the river snails.

<i>Bellamya</i> (gastropod) Genus of gastropods

Bellamya is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Viviparidae.

Notopala hanleyi is a species of large freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Viviparidae. It is also classified as a subspecies Notopala sublineata hanleyi.

The Wallumbilla Formation is an Aptian geologic formation found in Australia. Plesiosaur and theropod remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from its strata.

Cipangopaludina malleata is a species of large, freshwater snail with an operculum and a gill, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae, the river snails.

Isidorella is a genus of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

<i>Filopaludina martensi</i> Species of gastropod

Filopaludina martensi is a species of large freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Viviparidae.

Austropyrgus ronkershawi is a species of minute freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the Hydrobiidae family. This species is endemic to Tasmania, Australia. It is known from a number of small streams and rivers in central northern Tasmania.

<i>Stenomelania denisoniensis</i> Species of gastropod

Stenomelania denisoniensis is a very variable species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Thiaridae. Stenomelania denisoniensis has a long, slender shell and small aperture. This species has a characteristic angled shoulder just below the suture. This shoulder may be strong in some individuals and weak in others even if they are part of the same population.

<i>Velesunio</i> Genus of bivalves

Velesunio is a genus of medium to large sized mussels in the family Hyriidae.

Bullastra is a genus of large-sized, globose snails in the family Lymnaeidae. Snails in this genus have large apertures and fleshy, triangular tentacles. This genus is similar to Austropeplea but differs in generally being larger and having a distinctive twist in the columella.

Bayardella is a genus of small, neritiform cylindrical shelled gastropods belonging to the family Planorbidae. They are native and endemic to Australia. Species of Bayardella, like other Planorbids, are non-operculate.

<i>Campeloma nebrascensis</i> Extinct species of freshwater snail

Campeloma nebrascensis is a species of extinct freshwater snail from the Maastrichtian of North America. The species is distributed from Montana to Colorado, where extant Campeloma species live today.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Kear B. P., Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2003). "Reassessment of Australia's oldest freshwater snail, Viviparus (?) albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Viviparidae), from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Wallumbilla Formation) of White Cliffs, New South Wales". Molluscan Research 23(2): 149–158. doi : 10.1071/MR03003, PDF.
  2. Cotton B. C. (1935). "Recent Australian Viviparidae and a fossil species". Records of the South Australian Museum 5: 339-344. page 339.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2002). "Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of viviparid snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) from the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) Griman Creek Formation of Lightning Ridge, northern New South Wales". Records of the South Australian Museum 35: 193–203. PDF
  4. 1 2 3 "Notopala - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  5. The Waterbug Book.
  6. Etheridge R. Jr. (1902). "A monograph of the Cretaceous invertebrate fauna of New South Wales". Memoirs of the Geological Survey of New South Wales 11: 1-98.
  7. "Notopala ampullaroides - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  8. "Notopala essingtonensis - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  9. "Notopala hanleyi - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  10. 1 2 "Notopala kingi kingi - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  11. "Notopala kingi suprafasciata - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
  12. 1 2 River Snail (Notopala sublineata). accessed 26 September 2010
  13. "Notopala tricincta - fact sheet". keys.lucidcentral.org. Retrieved 20 January 2018.