Phelps County Jail | |
Phelps County Jail | |
Location | Park St. between Second and Third Sts., Rolla, Missouri |
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Coordinates | 37°56′45.05″N91°46′27.15″W / 37.9458472°N 91.7742083°W Coordinates: 37°56′45.05″N91°46′27.15″W / 37.9458472°N 91.7742083°W |
Area | less than one acre |
Built | 1860 |
Built by | Wilson, James; Schnable, I.A. |
NRHP reference # | 90000766 [1] |
Added to NRHP | May 10, 1990 |
Phelps County Jail is a historic jail located on Park Street between Second and Third Streets, Rolla, Missouri, was built in 1860 for $3,000. The jail was operated by Phelps County from 1860 to 1912. Union forces, which took over the town in 1861, used the jail for both military and civilian prisoners during the American Civil War. The building's contractor, John A. Schnable, built the structure from solid dolomite blocks, measuring 22 by 22 inches (560 mm × 560 mm), which were quarried nearby. The lower floor contains two windowless 6-by-13-foot (1.8 m × 4.0 m) stone cells for solitary confinement. The upper floor contains a single room with cages made from iron bars to hold multiple prisoners. The upper floor also includes a wood-burning stove used for heating. Dr. E.A. Stricker presented the jail to the Phelps County Historical Society in 1943. [2]
Rolla is a city in and the county seat of Phelps County, Missouri, United States. The population in the 2010 United States Census was 19,559. Rolla is located approximately midway between St. Louis and Springfield along I-44. The Rolla, Mo Micropolitan Statistical area consists of Phelps County, Missouri.
Phelps County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 45,156. The largest city and county seat is Rolla. The county was officially organized on November 13, 1857, and was named after U.S. Representative and Governor of Missouri John Smith Phelps.
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. The most studied and written about episode in U.S. history, the Civil War began primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina shortly after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaimed support for the Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States in the South, who advocated for states' rights to uphold slavery.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. [1]
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