Phyllostachys bambusoides

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Phyllostachys bambusoides
Poaceae - Phyllostachis bambusoides.JPG
Phyllostachys bambusoides at the botanical garden of Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini, Genova Pegli
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Genus: Phyllostachys
Species:
P. bambusoides
Binomial name
Phyllostachys bambusoides
Siebold & Zucc.
Synonyms
  • Phyllostachys quiloi
  • Phyllostachys reticulata non Rupr.
  • Phyllostachys sulphurea 'All Gold'.

Phyllostachys bambusoides, commonly called madake, giant timber bamboo, or Japanese timber bamboo, is a species of flowering plant in the bamboo subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, native to China, and possibly also to Japan. [1]

Contents

Description

Phyllostachys bambusoides is a "running" (monopodial type) evergreen bamboo [1] which can reach a height of roughly 20 m (66 ft) and a diameter of 10 cm (3.9 in). The culms are dark green, with a thin wall that thickens with maturity, and very straight, with long internodes and two distinctive rings at the node. [2] The species is thin-skinned, easily split lengthwise, has long fibres, and is strong and highly flexible, even when split finely. [2]

Leaves are dark green, and the sheaths are strong and hairless. New stalks emerge in late spring and grow at a rate of up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) a day; one specimen produced culms growing a remarkable 120 cm (47 in) in 24 hours. [3] The flowering interval of this species is very long, lasting roughly 120 years. [4] [5]

Uses

In Asia, Phyllostachys bambusoides, known in Japan as madake, is one of the preferred bamboos for construction and furniture manufacture.[ citation needed ] Its properties also make it useful in a number of traditional Japanese arts and crafts:

Phyllostachys bambusoides is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate zones worldwide, with numerous cultivars being available. Some grow to extreme lengths and heights, making them typically only suitable for parks and large gardens; however, more compact cultivars are available.

The following cultivars are recipients of the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: [8]

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References

  1. 1 2 Brickell, Christopher, ed. (2008). The Royal Horticultural Society A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 811. ISBN   9781405332965.
  2. 1 2 3 Bess, Nancy Moore; Wein, Bibi (2001). bamboo in japan (1st ed.). New York: Kodansha International. p. 34.
  3. Robert Austin and Koichiro Ueda, BAMBOO (New York: Walker/Weatherhill, 1970) p. 193.
  4. Veller, Carl; Nowak, Martin A.; Davis, Charles C. (July 2015). "Letter: Extended flowering intervals of bamboos evolved by discrete multiplication" (PDF). Ecology Letters . 18 (7): 653–659. doi:10.1111/ele.12442. ISSN   1461-023X. PMID   25963600. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-11. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  5. Carl Zimmer (May 15, 2015). "Bamboo Mathematicians". National Geographic. Archived from the original on May 17, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  6. Yung, Perry (2009). "What is madake bamboo?". www.yungflutes.com.
  7. "雪駄(雪踏)についての考察~その24:雪駄表の製造工程". 魁!!雪駄塾 SAKIGAKE!!SETTA JYUKU. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  8. "AGM Plants – Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 78. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
  9. "RHS Plantfinder – Phyllostachys bambusoides 'Castillonii'" . Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  10. "RHS Plantfinder – Phyllostachys bambusoides 'Holochrysa'" . Retrieved 25 April 2018.