Port of Tanjung Priok

Last updated

Port of Tanjung Priok
Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok
Tanjung priok2.jpg
Aerial view
Port of Tanjung Priok
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Location
Country Indonesia
Location Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta
Coordinates 6°06′14″S106°53′11″E / 6.104°S 106.8865°E / -6.104; 106.8865
UN/LOCODE ID TPP
Details
Owned by PT Pelabuhan Indonesia
Type of harbour Coastal breakwater
Size of harbour604 ha (6.04 sq km)
Land area424 ha (4.24 sq km)
Size1,028 ha (10.28 sq km)
No. of berths 76
Statistics
Annual container volume6.59 million TEU's (2013) [1]
Website
www.priokport.co.id

Port of Tanjung Priok is the busiest and most advanced Indonesian seaport, [2] handling more than 50% of Indonesia's trans-shipment cargo traffic. The port is located at Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta, which is operated by Indonesian state owned PT Pelindo. The port loaded and unloaded 6.2 million, 6.92 million, and 7.8 million TEUs of cargo during 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively, out of a total capacity of about 8 million TEUs. [3] The container port ranked as 22nd busiest in the world by Lloyd's One Hundred Ports 2019. [4]

Contents

History

The earliest record mentioning Jakarta as a coastal settlement and port can be traced to the Indianized kingdom of Tarumanagara as early as the fourth century. In AD 39, King Purnawarman established Sunda Pura as a new capital city for the kingdom, located at the northern coast of Java. [5] Purnawarman left seven memorial stones with inscriptions bearing his name spread across the area, including the present-day Banten and West Java provinces. The Tugu Inscription is considered the oldest of all of them. [6]

Tanjung Priok in 1908 Port of Tanjung Priok in 1908.jpg
Tanjung Priok in 1908

After the power of Tarumanagara declined, all of its many territories, including Sunda Pura, became part of the Kingdom of Sunda. The harbour area was renamed Sunda Kelapa as written in a Hindu monk's lontar manuscripts, which are now located at the Bodleian Library of Oxford University in England, and travel records by Prince Bujangga Manik. [7]

By the 14th century, Sunda Kelapa became a major trading port for the kingdom. The first European fleet, four Portuguese ships from Malacca, arrived in 1513 when the Portuguese were looking for a route for spices, especially black pepper. [8]

A new harbor was needed for Dutch East Indies to replace the Sunda Kelapa harbor to the west that was too small for the increased traffic resulting from the opening of the Suez Canal. Construction on the Port of Tanjung Priok began in 1877 along with Tanjung Priuk railway station and other supporting facilities. The construction of the new harbor was started by Governor General Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge (1875-1881). The new harbor was named Tandjong Priok. Several facilities were built to support the function of the new harbor, such as the Tanjung Priuk Station (1914). [9]

The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast via the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region of Trieste with its rail connections to Central and Eastern Europe. [10] [11] [12] [13]

JICT

A container terminal of the port is known as Jakarta International Container Terminal (JICT), which is operated by the Hutchison Port Holdings and Pelindo is the largest container terminal in Indonesia and the country's national hub port. [14] [15] In April 2011, JICT received an Asian Freight and Supply Chain Award (AFSCA) as the best service quality and technology innovation of terminal with less than 4 million twenty-foot equivalent units handling capacity. [16]

Port extension (New Priok Terminal)

A ship docking at the port HMAS Maryborough arriving at Jakarta in February 2017.jpg
A ship docking at the port

The port was among the least efficient in all Southeast Asia, with turn-around times 6 times that of Singapore, and severely congested due to slow customs handling, as well as limited port capacity. In regard to the port capacity, two-phase "New Priok" extension project is currently ongoing, which is expected to be fully operational in 2023. When fully operational this New Priok Port (which is also known as Kalibaru Port) will increase annual capacity of Tanjung Priok more than triple. Annual capacity will increase from five million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU) of containers to 18 million TEU and the port will be able to facilitate triple-E class container ships (with an 18,000 TEU capacity) in a 300 meters wide two-way sea lane. [17]

The first phase of the project was completed in 2016, which has helped to improve the performance of the port. The dwelling time in the port, which was once seven days, was reduced to almost three days. [18] [19] With eight cranes that can move 30 containers per hour and berths that can dock ships with a draft of as much as 16 meters, the new terminal which is known as NPT 1, can accommodate container ships with capacity up to 15,000 TEUs. [20] [21] The terminal has a land area of 32 hectares and the length of the dock is 450 meters. A joint venture between state-run port operator Pelindo II and a Japan-Singapore consortium handled the project under PT New Priok Container Terminal 1 ( NPCT1 ).

Description

MS Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft docked at Port of Tanjung Priok in the early-1930s. At the background was Tanjung Priok Station. COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De haven van Tandjoengpriok op de achtergrond het station Batavia Java TMnr 10008011.jpg
MS Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft docked at Port of Tanjung Priok in the early-1930s. At the background was Tanjung Priok Station.

The Port of Tanjung Priok has 20 terminals: general cargo, multipurpose terminal, scraps terminal, passenger terminal, dry bulk terminal, liquid bulk terminal, oil terminal, chemicals terminal and three container terminals, 76 berths, a quay length of 16,853 metres, a total storage area of 661,822 m2 and a storage capacity of 401,468 tonnes. [22]


Marunda terminal

PT Karya Citra Nusantara (KCN) operates Marunda port, which is built to reduce burden of bulk handling of Tanjung Priok port terminals. Pier 1 of this port has been operating since 2018. Another two pier is under-construction. Once completed the port will be able to handle about 30 to 35 million tons of bulk per year from 50 ships. [23] The port will have three pier/docks with total length of 5,350 meters and a supporting area spreading over 100-hectares of land. [24]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport in Indonesia</span> Overview of transport in Indonesia

Indonesia's transport system has been shaped over time by the economic resource base of an archipelago with thousands of islands, and the distribution of its more than 200 million people concentrated mainly on a single island, Java.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tanjung Priok</span> District in North Jakarta, Indonesia

Tanjung Priok is a district of North Jakarta, Indonesia. It hosts the western part of the city's main harbor, the Port of Tanjung Priok. The district of Tanjung Priok is bounded by Laksamana Yos Sudarso Tollway and Sunter River canal to the east, by Kali Japat, Kali Ancol, and the former Kemayoran Airport to the southwest, by Sunter Jaya Road and Sunter Kemayoran Road to the south, and by Jakarta Bay to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Banten (town)</span> Town in Java

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North Jakarta</span> Administrative city in Jakarta, Indonesia

North Jakarta is one of the five administrative cities which form Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. North Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality. It contains the entire coastal area within the Jakarta Special District. North Jakarta, along with South Jakarta is the only two cities in Jakarta to border Banten and West Java. It is also the only two cities and regencies of Jakarta with a coastline and not landlocked along with the Thousand Islands Regency. North Jakarta, an area at the estuary of Ciliwung river was the main port for the kingdom of Tarumanegara, which later grew to become Jakarta. Many historic sites and artefacts of Jakarta can be found in North Jakarta. Both ports of Tanjung Priok and historic Sunda Kelapa are located in the city. The city, which covers an area of 139.99 km2, had 1,645,659 inhabitants at the 2010 census and 1,778,981 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 1,793,550 - comprising 905,575 males and 887,975 females. It has its administrative centre in Tanjung Priok.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Port of Belawan</span> Port in Indonesia

Belawan is a harbor in Medan, North Sumatra. Located on the northeast coast of Sumatra, Belawan is Indonesia's busiest seaport outside of Java. It constitutes the most northerly of the city of Medan's 21 administrative districts (kecamatan), and covers an area of 29.44 km2; at the 2010 Census it had a population of 95,506.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingdoms of Sunda</span> Monarchies of the Sundanese region prior to the establishment of Indonesia

Kingdoms of Sunda refers to the monarchies of the Sundanese region prior to the establishment of Indonesia in 1945 AD. The history includes several eras:

  1. Salakanagara
  2. Tarumanagara
  3. The Sunda Kingdom and Galuh Kingdom
  4. Kingdom of Sumedang Larang, The Sultanate of Banten & The Sultanate of Cirebon
<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarumanagara</span> Former kingdom in Indonesia

Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom or just Taruma was an early Sundanese Indianised kingdom, located in western Java, whose 5th-century ruler, Purnawarman, produced the earliest known inscriptions in Java, which are estimated to date from around 450 CE.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Jakarta</span> Timeline of Jakartas history

Jakarta is Indonesia's capital and largest city. Located on an estuary of the Ciliwung River, on the northwestern part of Java, the area has long sustained human settlement. Historical evidence from Jakarta dates back to the 4th century CE, when it was a Hindu settlement and port. The city has been sequentially claimed by the Indianized kingdom of Tarumanegara, the Hindu Kingdom of Sunda, the Muslim Sultanate of Banten, and by Dutch, Japanese and Indonesian administrations. The Dutch East Indies built up the area before it was taken during World War II by the Empire of Japan and finally became independent as part of Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago</span> Colony in Southeast Asia

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a colonial presence in the Indonesian Archipelago. Their quest to dominate the source of the spices that sustained the lucrative spice trade in the early 16th century, along with missionary efforts by Roman Catholic orders, saw the establishment of trading posts and forts, and left behind a Portuguese cultural element that remains in modern-day Indonesia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sunda Kelapa</span> Port in Indonesia

Sunda Kelapa is the old port of Jakarta, located on the estuary of the Ciliwung River. "Sunda Kalapa" is the original name, and it was the main port of the Sunda Kingdom. The port is situated in Penjaringan District, of North Jakarta, Indonesia. Today the old port only accommodates pinisi, a traditional two-masted wooden sailing ship providing inter-island freight service in the archipelago. Although it is now only a minor port, Jakarta has its origins in Sunda Kelapa and it played a significant role in the city's development. The port is currently operated by the state-owned Indonesia Port Corporations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ancol</span> Administrative village in Special Capital City District of Jakarta, Indonesia

Ancol is a coastal lowland area located to the east of Kota Tua Jakarta in northern Jakarta, in Indonesia. The coastal lowland stretched from Kota Tua Jakarta to the west and Tanjung Priok to the east. Today, Ancol contains the main beach resort of Jakarta. Taman Impian Jaya Ancol, the largest integrated tourism area in South East Asia, is located in Ancol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indonesia–Portugal relations</span> Bilateral relations

Indonesia and Portugal established diplomatic relations in 1950. Portuguese explorer and trader first reached Indonesian archipelago during the age of exploration in the 16th century in order to search for spices in the Indies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tanjung Priuk railway station</span> Railway station in Indonesia

Tanjung Priuk Station (TPK), is a railway station in Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. It is located across the Tanjung Priok Port, which is the main port of Jakarta. This station is one of the oldest in Jakarta and the biggest station built during the Dutch East Indies era. It is included in the list of heritage buildings by the government of Jakarta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Port of Tanjung Perak</span> Port in Indonesia

Port of Tanjung Perak is the second busiest sea port in Indonesia, located at Surabaya, East Java. It is the main port for the eastern part of the island of Java. The port is accessed from the North through the Madura Strait, a 25-mile (40-kilometer) long, 100-meter (110-yard) wide, and 9.5-meter (31-foot) deep channel between East Java and Madura Island. Because of its strategic position and the existence of surrounding advantageous hinterlands, the port constitutes the center of inter island shipping for Eastern Indonesia. Container terminal of the port is known as Terminal Petikemas. The port loaded and unloaded 3.55 million and 3.8 million TEUs of cargo during 2017 and 2018 respectively. I

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cikarang Dry Port</span> Port in Indonesia

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patimban Deep Sea Port</span> Port in Indonesia

Patimban Deep Sea Port is an seaport at Subang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It is located about 70 kilometers from the Karawang Industrial Estate and 145 kilometers from the city center of capital Jakarta, where many Japanese industrial firms, particularly automotive manufacturers operate. The port comprises a total area of 654 hectares in which 300 hectares will be specialized for intermodal containers and vehicle terminals while the remaining 354 hectares will be used as a back-up area. The port development is expected to be fully completed by 2027. The port operation was officially inaugurated by President Joko Widodo on 20 December 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Port of Kuala Tanjung</span> Port in Indonesia

Port of Kuala Tanjung is a sea port at Batubara Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Once fully functional the port can accommodate 60 million TEUs per year as the biggest port in West Indonesia, bigger than Port of Tanjung Priok in Jakarta. The first phase of development of Kuala Tanjung Multipurpose Terminal was inaugurated in 2018. The first ship to dock at the port was the cruise ship SuperStar Libra on 5 April 2018 from Port Klang, Malaysia. The port made its debut in the global container market, with its first shipment on 28 March, 2020.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stadsherberg, Batavia</span> Inn, tavern, office in Batavia, Dutch East Indies

The Stadsherberg is a lodging located in Batavia, Dutch East Indies. The lodging is located in the Sunda Kelapa harbor, the first lodging to be seen by visitors of Batavia. The lodging was so strategically located in the port of Sunda Kelapa between the colonial custom houses that the inn prospered during the course of the 19th century. The inn went into a decline following the construction of the larger Tanjung Priok harbor. It was demolished after 1949.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport in Jakarta</span> Overview of transport in Jakarta

As a metropolitan area of about 30 million people, Jakarta has a variety of transport systems. Jakarta was awarded 2021 global Sustainable Transport Award (STA) for integrated public transportation system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kebon Kopi I inscription</span>

References

  1. "Top 50 World Container Ports". www.worldshipping.org. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  2. "The 13,466-island problem". The Economist. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  3. "Indonesia inches closer to realizing port hub dream".
  4. "One Hundred Ports 2019". Archived from the original on 26 August 2019. Retrieved 2 August 2019.
  5. Sundakala: cuplikan sejarah Sunda berdasarkan naskah-naskah "Panitia Wangsakerta" Cirebon. Yayasan Pustaka Jaya, Jakarta. 2005.
  6. The Sunda Kingdom of West Java From Tarumanagara to Pakuan Pajajaran with the Royal Center of Bogor. Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka. 2007.
  7. Three Old Sundanese Poems. KITLV Press. 2007.
  8. Sumber-sumber asli sejarah Jakarta, Jilid I: Dokumen-dokumen sejarah Jakarta sampai dengan akhir abad ke-16. Cipta Loka Caraka. 1999.
  9. Cobban, James L. 1985. "The ephemeral historic district in Jakarta". Geographical Review 75(3):300-318.
  10. The Maritime Silk Road in South-East Asia.
  11. Infrastructure Investment in Indonesia
  12. Indonesia plans to become a transshipment hub, seeks investors
  13. Indonesia to propose projects worth US$91 billion for China's Belt and Road
  14. Port Commerce
  15. Hutchinson Port Holdings Archived 7 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  16. "JICT wins Asian container port award". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  17. "Hopes high for Priok port expansion". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  18. "Tanjung Priok Port sets dwell time benchmark".
  19. "Now Indonesia Can Take Large Container Vessels Usually Handled by Singapore".
  20. "Tanjung Priok Welcomes Larger Ships".
  21. "Jokowi releases first export with giant ship to US". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  22. "Port of Tanjung Priok facilities". Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2009.
  23. "New Marunda Port can reduce Tanjung Priok's burden by 30%". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  24. "Marunda Port set to create jobs, boost local economy". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 3 September 2019.