Protobothrops mucrosquamatus

Last updated

Brown-spotted pit viper
Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus Taiwan.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Viperidae
Genus: Protobothrops
Species:
P. mucrosquamatus
Binomial name
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus
(Cantor, 1839)
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus distribution.png
Synonyms
  • Trigonocephalus mucrosquamatusCantor, 1839
  • Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
    – Günther, 1864
  • Crotalus Trimeres[urus]. mucrosquamatus– Higgins, 1873
  • Lachesis mucrosquamatus
    – Boulenger, 1896
  • Trimersurus [sic] mucrosquamatus
    – Taub, 1964(ex errore)
  • P[rotobothrops]. mucrosquamatus– Hoge & Romano-Hoge, 1983
  • Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus
    – Zhao & Adler, 1993 [2]
  • Protobothrops mucrosquamatus
    – David et al., 2011 [3]

Protobothrops mucrosquamatus is a venomous pit viper species endemic to Asia. Common names include: brown-spotted pit viper, [4] Taiwanese habu and pointed-scaled pit viper. [5] No subspecies are currently recognized. [6] The species was first described by Theodore Cantor in 1839. [7]

Contents

Description

Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus.jpg

Males grow to a maximum total length of 112 cm (44 in) with a tail length of 19.5 cm (7.7 in). Females grow to a maximum total length of 116 cm (46 in) with a tail length of 20.5 cm (8.1 in). [8]

The hemipenes are spinose. [8]

Scalation: dorsal scales in 25 longitudinal rows at midbody; scales on upper surface of head, small, each scale keeled posteriorly; internasals 5–10 times size of adjacent scales, separated by 3–4 scales; supraoculars, long, narrow, undivided, 14–16 small interoculars in line between them; 2 scales on line between upper preocular and nasal scale; 9–11 upper labials, first upper labial separated from nasal by suture; 2–3 small scales between upper labials and subocular; 2–3 rows of temporal scales above upper labials smooth, above those scales keeled; ventrals 200–218; subcaudals 76–91, all paired. [8]

Color pattern: grayish or olive brown above, with dorsal series of large brown, black-edged spots or blotches, and a lateral series of smaller spots; head above brownish, below whitish; belly whitish but heavily powdered with light brown; tail brownish (possibly pink in life [fide M.A. Smith 1943:507]), with series of dark dorsal spots. [8]

Common names

Brown spotted pitviper, [4] pointed-scaled pit viper, habu, [5] Taiwan habu (タイワンハブ), Chinese habu, Formosan pit viper. [9] The Chinese name is 龜殼花蛇 or 原矛头蝮.

Geographic range

Found from northeastern India (Assam and Mizoram) and Bangladesh, to Myanmar, China (including Hainan, and as far north as Gansu and as far east as Zhejiang), Laos, northern and central Vietnam, also found in northern Thailand as well as in Taiwan. The type locality given is Naga Hills (India). [2] [3] This snake is introduced to Okinawa, Japan.

See also

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. ↑ Papenfuss, T.J. (2010). "Protobothrops mucrosquamatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T178409A7540882. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T178409A7540882.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN   1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN   1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  3. 1 2 Protobothrops mucrosquamatus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 2 February 2017.
  4. 1 2 Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. Asian Pitvipers. Geitje Books. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. ISBN   3-937975-00-4.
  5. 1 2 U.S. Navy. 1991. Poisonous Snakes of the World. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. ISBN   0-486-26629-X.
  6. ↑ "Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved 25 May 2007.
  7. ↑ Alves, R.R.N.; Rosa, I.L. (2012). Animals in Traditional Folk Medicine: Implications for Conservation. Life sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 116. ISBN   978-3-642-29026-8 . Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Leviton, A.E.; Wogan, G.O.U.; Koo, M.S.; Zug, G.R.; Lucas, R.S. & Vindum, J.V. (2003). "The dangerously venomous snakes of Myanmar. Illustrated checklist with keys" (PDF). Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 54 (24): 407–462.
  9. ↑ Brown JH. 1973. Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. ISBN   0-398-02808-7.

Further reading

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