Rosy-faced lovebird

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Rosy-faced lovebird
Rosy-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis roseicollis) 2.jpg
in Erongo, Namibia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittaculidae
Genus: Agapornis
Species:
A. roseicollis
Binomial name
Agapornis roseicollis
(Vieillot, 1818)
Peachfaced lovebird distribution2.gif
Native ranges in the Namib Desert and arid areas of Namibia and Angola
Courting pair, Namibia Rosy-faced lovebirds (Agapornis roseicollis roseicollis) composite.jpg
Courting pair, Namibia

The rosy-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis), also known as the rosy-collared or peach-faced lovebird, is a species of lovebird native to arid regions in southwestern Africa such as the Namib Desert. Loud and constant chirpers, these birds are very social animals and often congregate in small groups in the wild. They eat throughout the day and take frequent baths. Coloration can vary widely among populations. Plumage is identical in males and females. Lovebirds are renowned for their sleep position in which they sit side-by-side and turn their faces in towards each other. Also, females are well noted to tear raw materials into long strips, "twisty-tie" them onto their backs, and fly substantial distances back to make a nest. These birds are common in the pet industry.

Contents

Taxonomy

It was described by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1818. It was originally named Psittacus roseicollis but later moved to the genus Agapornis with the other lovebirds.

Two subspecies are recognised: [2]

Description

The rosy-faced lovebird is a fairly small bird, 17–18 cm (6.7–7.1 in) long, with an average wing length of 106 mm (4.2 in) and tail length of 44–52 mm (1.7–2.0 in). [4] Wild birds are mostly green with a blue rump. The face and throat are pink, darkest on the forehead and above the eye. The bill is horn-coloured, the iris is brown, and the legs and feet are grey. The pink of the A. r. roseicollis is lighter than that of the A. r. catumbella. [3] Juvenile birds have a pale pink face and throat, a greenish fore crown and crown, and the beak has a brownish base. [3]

Distribution and habitat

The rosy-faced lovebird inhabits dry, open country in southwest Africa. Its range extends from southwest Angola across most of Namibia to the lower Orange River valley in northwest South Africa. It lives up to 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) above sea level in broad-leaved woodland, semi-desert, and mountainous areas. It is dependent on the presence of water sources and gathers around pools to drink.

Escapes from captivity are frequent in many parts of the world and feral birds dwell in metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, and New York City where they live in a variety of habitats, both urban and rural. Some dwell in cacti and others have been known to frequent feeders in decent-sized flocks. [5] Temperatures in Arizona regularly exceed 40 °C (104 °F) and feral lovebirds have been observed perching in large numbers on air-conditioner vents in order to remain cool. [6] Feral rosy-faced lovebird colonies can also be found on Maui and the Big Island in Hawaii. [7] Although they have been observed in the wild in Puerto Rico, they are probably the result of escaped pets, and no reproduction has been recorded. [8]

Status and conservation

Populations have been reduced in some areas by trapping for the pet trade. However, numbers may have increased in other areas due to human creation of new water sources and the building of artificial structures which provide new nesting sites. Because of this, the species is classed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). [1]

Behaviour in the wild

Flock in Namibia Rosy-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis roseicollis) flock.jpg
Flock in Namibia

The rosy-faced lovebird has various harsh, shrieking calls.

Feeding

The diet consists mainly of seeds and berries. When food is plentiful, the birds may gather in flocks containing hundreds of individuals. They can sometimes be pests in agricultural areas, feeding on crops such as millet.

Breeding

Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden Agapornis roseicollis MWNH 0578.JPG
Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden

Lovebirds are monomorphic, meaning the male and female of the species look alike. The nest is built in a rock crevice or within a compartment of the large communal nests built by sociable weavers. Man-made structures such as the roofs of houses may also be used. A total of 4-6 eggs are laid between February and April. They are dull white and measure 23.5 by 17.3 mm (0.93 by 0.68 in). They are incubated for about 23 days. The young birds fledge after 43 days. [4]

Aviculture

Rosy-faced lovebirds are one of the more common parrots kept in captivity, because of their small size and ease of care and breeding. The birds are kept alone or in pairs, although due to their social requirements, they are best kept in pairs. [9] They can be aggressive, and tend to bond towards an individual, either human or avian, and may not get on well with other people or pets. Two lovebirds may not always get along, and may have to be separated, and lovebirds should not be kept with smaller species of birds. Lovebirds require daily exercise.

Mutations

Rosy-faced lovebirds have the widest range of colour mutations of all the Agapornisgenus. Generally speaking, these mutations fall into the genetic categories of dominant, codominant, recessive, and sex-linked recessive. While this seems fairly straightforward, it can quickly become confusing when a single specimen has multiple examples of these mutational traits.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lovebird</span> Genus of birds

Lovebird is the common name for the genus Agapornis, a small group of parrots in the Old World parrot family Psittaculidae. Of the nine species in the genus, all are native to the African continent, with the grey-headed lovebird being native to the African island of Madagascar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Budgerigar</span> Small, long-tailed, seed-eating parakeet

The budgerigar, also known as the common parakeet, shell parakeet or budgie, is a small, long-tailed, seed-eating parrot. Naturally, the species is green and yellow with black, scalloped markings on the nape, back, and wings. Budgies are bred in captivity with colouring of blues, whites, yellows, greys, and even with small crests. Juveniles and chicks are monomorphic, while adults are told apart by their cere colouring, and their behaviour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cockatiel</span> Species of bird

The cockatiel, also known as the weero/weiro or quarrion, is a medium-sized parrot that is a member of its own branch of the cockatoo family endemic to Australia. They are prized as household exotic bird pets and companion parrots throughout the world and are relatively easy to breed compared to other parrots. As a caged bird, cockatiels are second in popularity only to the budgerigar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blue-fronted amazon</span> Species of bird

The blue-fronted amazon, also called the blue-fronted parrot, the turquoise-fronted amazon and the turquoise-fronted parrot, is a South American species of amazon parrot and one of the most common amazon parrots kept in captivity as a pet or companion parrot. Its common name is derived from the distinctive blue/turquoise marking on its head just above its beak.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lilian's lovebird</span> Species of bird

Lilian's lovebird, also known as the Nyasa lovebird, is a small African parrot species of the lovebird genus. It is mainly green and has orange on its upper chest and head. It is 13 cm (5 inches) long and is the smallest parrot on mainland Africa. In captivity, it is uncommon and difficult to breed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fischer's lovebird</span> Species of bird

Fischer's lovebird is a small parrot species of the genus Agapornis. They were originally discovered in the late 19th century. They are named after German explorer Gustav Fischer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Budgerigar colour genetics</span>

The science of budgerigar color genetics deals with the heredity of mutations which cause color variation in the feathers of the species known scientifically as Melopsittacus undulatus. Birds of this species are commonly known by the terms 'budgerigar', or informally just 'budgie'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-collared lovebird</span> Species of lovebird

The yellow-collared lovebird, also called masked lovebird, black-masked lovebird or eye ring lovebird, is a monotypic species of bird of the lovebird genus in the parrot family Psittaculidae. They are native to Arusha Region of Tanzania and have been introduced to Burundi and Kenya. Although they have been observed in the wild in Puerto Rico, they are probably the result of escaped pets, and no reproduction has been recorded. They have also been observed in Arizona.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-headed lovebird</span> Species of bird

The red-headed lovebird, also known as the red-faced lovebird, is a member of the genus Agapornis, a group commonly known as lovebirds. Like other lovebirds it is native to Africa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-headed lovebird</span> Species of bird

The gray-headed lovebird or Madagascar lovebird is a small species of parrot of the lovebird genus. It is a mainly green parrot. The species is sexually dimorphic and only the adult male has grey on its upper body. They are native on the island of Madagascar and are the only lovebird species which are not native on the African continent. They are the smallest of the lovebird species. It is rarely seen in aviculture and it is difficult to breed in captivity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feral parrot</span> Parrot in non-native environment

A feral parrot is a parrot that has adapted to life in an ecosystem to which it is not native. The birds are often descended from pets that have escaped or been deliberately released. Many species of parrots are highly social, and like to gather in large flocks. Not all feral parrots are able to adapt to life outside of captivity, although having a pre-existing nearby parrot colony can assist with the adaptation process.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosy-faced lovebird colour genetics</span>

The science of rosy-faced lovebird colour genetics deals with the heredity of colour variation in the feathers of the species known as Agapornis roseicollis, commonly known as the rosy-faced lovebird or peach-faced lovebird.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cockatiel colour genetics</span>

The science of cockatiel colour genetics deals with the heredity of colour variation in the feathers of cockatiels, Nymphicus hollandicus. Colour mutations are a natural but very rare phenomenon that occur in either captivity or the wild. About fifteen primary colour mutations have been established in the species which enable the production of many different combinations. Note that this article is heavily based on the captive or companion cockatiel rather than the wild cockatiel species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parrot</span> Order of birds

Parrots (Psittaciformes), also known as psittacines, are birds with a strong curved beak, upright stance, and clawed feet. They are classified in four families that contain roughly 410 species in 101 genera, found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. The four families are the Psittaculidae, Psittacidae, Cacatuoidea (cockatoos), and Strigopidae. One-third of all parrot species are threatened by extinction, with a higher aggregate extinction risk than any other comparable bird group. Parrots have a generally pantropical distribution with several species inhabiting temperate regions as well. The greatest diversity of parrots is in South America and Australasia.

The red-suffusion rose-faced lovebird, also known as the red-pied lovebird, is not a true colour mutation of lovebird species. Many breeders believe it is due to a health issue, most likely dealing with the bird's liver. Some think the red-pied has some genetic relations with the Lutino rosy-faced lovebird mutation, as many cases of red spots appear in Lutino lovebirds. Although many breeders of parrots have claimed that this is a genetic mutation, no one has been able to successfully reproduce it through a series of generations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lutino rosy-faced lovebird mutation</span>

The lutino peach-faced love bird is one of the most popular mutations of rosy-faced lovebird. It is closely followed by the Dutch blue lovebird in popularity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agapornithinae</span> Subfamily of birds

Agapornithinae is a subfamily of psittacine birds, one of the five subfamilies that make up the family Psittaculidae. Its members are small, short-tailed parrots that inhabit Africa and Asia. They usually have predominantly green plumage and present different colorations on the head.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lutino cockatiel</span> Variety of cockatiel

The lutino cockatiel is one of the most popular mutations of cockatiel, with white to light-yellow feathers and orange/red cheek patches.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-faced cockatiel</span>

The white-faced cockatiel is one of the cockatiel colour genetic mutations, with a mostly white or grayish face. They stand out because they have no orange cheek patches or yellow coloring at all. This is the seventh established mutation which appeared for the first time with domesticated cockatiels in 1964 in Holland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dirk Van den Abeele</span>

Dirk Van den Abeele is a Flemish ornithologist, specializing in the genus Agapornis. He has written a number of books on this subject. Most of his books have been translated into English, Greek, Spanish, French, Czech, Italian and German. Since 1999, Van den Abeele is a member of MUTAVI, Research & Advice Group in The Netherlands, where he is conducting research, together with Inte Onsman, into pigmentation of the various colour mutations in birds. Together with the Australian veterinarian Terry Martin he collaborated on the 'International Agreements for Naming Colour Mutations in Psittaciformes'. He was chairman of BVA International, the Belgian Lovebird Society from 1999 till December 2010. Since 2011 he is honorary chairman of BVA-International.

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2018). "Agapornis roseicollis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22685342A131916302. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22685342A131916302.en . Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. "Zoological Nomenclature Resource: Psittaciformes (Version 9.004)". www.zoonomen.net. 5 July 2008.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Forshaw (2006). plate 45.
  4. 1 2 McLachlan G. R. & Liversidge, R. (1981) Roberts Birds of South Africa, John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town. ISBN   0-620-03118-2
  5. Clark, Greg. "Peach-faced Lovebird Range Expansion Data in Greater Phoenix, Arizona Area" . Retrieved 27 February 2011.
  6. GrrlScientist. "How Lovebirds Keep Their Cool When It's Really Hot". Forbes. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
  7. "Rosy-faced Lovebird". birdfinding.info. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  8. Falcón, Wilfredo; Tremblay, Raymond L. (2018). "From the cage to the wild: introductions of Psittaciformes to Puerto Rico". PeerJ. 6:e5669: e5669. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5669 . PMC   6214232 . PMID   30397538.
  9. "Bird Care Guide: Lovebirds". MSPCA–Angell. Retrieved 11 October 2022.

Cited texts

General references