Rudbeckia triloba

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Rudbeckia triloba
Rudbeckia triloba2.JPG
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Rudbeckia
Species:
R. triloba
Binomial name
Rudbeckia triloba
L.

Rudbeckia triloba, [2] the browneyed or brown-eyed susan, thin-leaved coneflower or three-leaved coneflower, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae with numerous, yellow, daisy-like flowers. It is native to the central and eastern United States and is often seen in old fields or along roads. It is also cultivated as an ornamental.

Contents

Description

Rudbeckia triloba is a biennial or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant that grows to a height of 5 ft (150 cm) with a spread of up to 2.5 ft (75 cm). The primary stem has numerous branches, giving the plant an open, bushy appearance. The stems and branches are hairy and medium green, sometimes with a reddish color. The leaves are also hairy. The basal leaves have three lobes (hence The Latin specific epithet triloba). [4] The stem leaves are alternate and can vary in shape, from three-lobed, generally toward the bottom of the stem, to unlobed, higher up on the central stem and on the secondary branches. The three-lobed stem leaves are up to 7 in (18 cm) long and 4 in (10 cm) wide, and the unlobed leaves are up to 3 in (8 cm) long and 1 in (3 cm) wide. [5]

One or two flower heads measuring 0.5–1.5 in (1–4 cm) appear at the end of individual upper stems. Each flower head has six to twelve bright yellow ray florets surrounding a purplish brown flattened cone of disk florets. The flower heads are abundant and showy, although they have little or no scent. [6] [7]

Similar species

Compared with Rudbeckia hirta , R. triloba is taller with smaller, more numerous flowers, and the leaves of R. hirta are unlobed with a fuzzy upper surface. [5] Compared with Rudbeckia laciniata , R. triloba is shorter and has fewer lobed leaves. [6]

Distribution and habitat

R. triloba is native in the United States from Utah to the west, Texas and Florida to the south, Minnesota to the north, and Massachusetts to the east. [1] Habitats include disturbed ground, woodland borders, thickets, rocky slopes, and alongside roads and railways. [7]

Uses

Cultivation

R. triloba is widely cultivated in gardens and is easy to grow when provided with full sun and moist soil. The plant should be deadheaded regularly to encourage additional bloom, prevent any unwanted self-seeding, or both. [7] [8]

In cultivation in the UK, Rudbeckia triloba has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. [9] [10]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Rudbeckia hirta</i> Species of flowering plant

Rudbeckia hirta, commonly called black-eyed Susan, is a North American flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Eastern and Central North America and naturalized in the Western part of the continent as well as in China. It has now been found in all 10 Canadian Provinces and all 48 of the states in the contiguous United States.

<i>Echinacea angustifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Echinacea angustifolia, the narrow-leaved purple coneflower or blacksamson echinacea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widespread across much of the Great Plains of central Canada and the central United States, with additional populations in surrounding regions.

<i>Rudbeckia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Rudbeckia is a plant genus in the Asteraceae or composite family. Rudbeckia flowers feature a prominent, raised central disc in black, brown shades of green, and in-between tones, giving rise to their familiar common names of coneflowers and black-eyed-susans. All are native to North America, and many species are cultivated in gardens for their showy yellow or gold flower heads that bloom in mid to late summer.

<i>Rudbeckia laciniata</i> Species of flowering plant

Rudbeckia laciniata, the cutleaf coneflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, where it is widespread in both Canada and the United States. Its natural habitat is wet sites in flood plains, along stream banks, and in moist forests. Common names other than cutleaf coneflower include cutleaf, goldenglow, green-headed coneflower, tall coneflower, sochan and thimbleweed.

<i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> Species of plant

Lavandula angustifolia, formerly L. officinalis, is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean. Its common names include lavender, true lavender and English lavender ; also garden lavender, common lavender and narrow-leaved lavender.

<i>Dracopis</i> Genus of flowering plants

Dracopis is a monotypic genus with Dracopis amplexicaulis the sole species. It is native to North America.

<i>Acer ginnala</i> Species of plant

Acer ginnala, the Amur maple, is a plant species with woody stems native to northeastern Asia from easternmost Mongolia east to Korea and Japan, and north to the Russian Far East in the Amur River valley. It is a small maple with deciduous leaves that is sometimes grown as a garden subject or boulevard tree.

<i>Rudbeckia fulgida</i> Species of flowering plant

Rudbeckia fulgida, the orange coneflower or perennial coneflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America.

<i>Cyananthus lobatus</i> Species of flowering plant

Cyananthus lobatus, commonly known as the lobed-leaved cyananth or trailing bellflower, is an ornamental flowering plant of the family Campanulaceae.

<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Echinacea purpurea, the eastern purple coneflower, purple coneflower, hedgehog coneflower, or echinacea, is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to parts of eastern North America and present to some extent in the wild in much of the eastern, southeastern and midwestern United States as well as in the Canadian Province of Ontario. It is most common in the Ozarks and in the Mississippi/Ohio Valley. Its habitats include dry open woods, prairies and barrens.

<i>Rubus deliciosus</i> Berry and plant

Rubus deliciosus is a North American species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae, native to the United States. Common names include the delicious raspberry, boulder raspberry, Rocky Mountain raspberry or snowy bramble.

<i>Ipomoea indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Ipomoea indica is a species of flowering plant in the family Convolvulaceae, known by several common names, including blue morning glory, oceanblue morning glory, koali awa, and blue dawn flower. It bears heart-shaped or three-lobed leaves and purple or blue funnel-shaped flowers 6–8 cm (2–3 in) in diameter, from spring to autumn. The flowers produced by the plant are hermaphroditic. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

<i>Ratibida columnifera</i> Species of flowering plant

Ratibida columnifera, commonly known as upright prairie coneflower, Mexican hat, and longhead prairie coneflower, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the genus Ratibida in the family Asteraceae. It is native to much of North America and inhabits prairies, plains, roadsides, and disturbed areas from southern Canada through most of the United States to northern Mexico.

<i>Erysimum cheiri</i> Species of flowering plant

Erysimum cheiri, syn. Cheiranthus cheiri, the wallflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), native to Greece, but widespread as an introduced species elsewhere. It is also treated as a hybrid under the name Erysimum × cheiri. It is widely cultivated as a garden plant.

<i>Rudbeckia californica</i> Species of flowering plant

Rudbeckia californica is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, known by the common name California coneflower.

<i>Thymus pulegioides</i> Species of flowering plant

Thymus pulegioides, common names broad-leaved thyme or lemon thyme, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe. Growing to 5–25 cm (2–10 in) tall by 25 cm (10 in) wide, it is a small spreading subshrub with strongly aromatic leaves, and lilac pink flowers in early summer. The specific epithet pulegioides highlights its similarity to another species within Lamiaceae, Mentha pulegium (pennyroyal).

<i>Lactuca floridana</i> Species of lettuce

Lactuca floridana, commonly known as woodland lettuce, Florida lettuce, or false lettuce is a North American species of wild lettuce. It is native across much of central Canada and the eastern and central United States.

<i>Rudbeckia texana</i> Species of flowering plant

Rudbeckia texana, commonly known at Texas coneflower or shiny coneflower, is a perennial plant in the family Asteraceae native to the Western Gulf coastal grasslands of Texas and Louisiana.

Rudbeckia auriculata(Perdue) Kral., commonly known as the eared coneflower, is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae Bercht. & J.Presl., native to acid bogs in the southeast United States.

References

  1. 1 2 "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org.
  2. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Rudbeckia triloba". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team.
  3. "Rudbeckia triloba". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
  4. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN   184533731X.
  5. 1 2 "Know Your Natives – Brown-Eyed Susan". Arkansas Native Plant Society. 19 August 2016.
  6. 1 2 "Brown-Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia triloba)". www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
  7. 1 2 3 "Rudbeckia triloba page". www.missouriplants.com.
  8. "Rudbeckia triloba - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org.
  9. "RHS Plantfinder - Rudbeckia triloba" . Retrieved 11 October 2018.
  10. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 93. Retrieved 11 October 2018.