Sandip Kumar Basu | |
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| Born | 1944 Kolkata, West Bengal, India |
| Years active | since 1975 |
| Awards | Padma Shri Ranbaxy Medical Sciences Award FICCI Life Sciences Award Bhasin Foundation Biotechnology Award ICMR B. R. Ambedkar Award ISCA R. K. Dutt Memorial Award Goyal Prize |
Sandip Kumar Basu (born 1944) is an Indian molecular biologist and the holder of the J. C. Bose Chair of the National Academy of Sciences, India, who is credited with innovations in the treatment protocols of leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, viral infections, multidrug resistant cancer and arterosclerosis. [1] He was honored by the Government of India, in 2001, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri. [2]
Sandip Kumar Basu was born in Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal. [1] He graduated in 1962 from the Presidency College, Calcutta and secured his master's degree in 1964 from the University College of Science. His doctoral research was at the Calcutta University which he successfully completed in 1968 on the topic, regulation of microbial metabolism and moved to USA for post doctoral research at Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Public Health Research Institute, New York and Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago. [1] In 1975, he started his professional career by joining the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School as a faculty member and stayed there till 1983 when he returned to India to join the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata. His next move was as the director of the Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh in 1986. [1] He became the director of the National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi in 1991, a post he held till 2005 when he became the Professor of Eminence of the institute and continued there till 2010. He is the J. C. Bose Chair Professor of the National Academy of Sciences, India, placed at the National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. [1]
Basu has been involved with research on the receptor based intracellular delivery of drugs. [3] [4] [5] [6] He is known to have introduced a new approach of scavenger receptor-mediated targeting of therapeutic agents which has been demonstrated to be more effective than conventional chemotherapy, in the treatment of leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, viral infections, and multidrug resistant cancer. [1] His research has led to the discovery of new drug targets and also demonstrated the therapeutic effect of immunomodulator muramyl dipeptide on salmonella by diverting the route the pathogens follow so as to survive within the macrophages. [1] He is credited with the establishment of the pathway of low density lipoprotein receptors. [7] [8] It is reported that Basu's work assisted Michael Stuart Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein, 1985 Nobel Prize winners and his co-authors, in their research and in the development of statins, the cholesterol lowering drug. [1] [9] [10]
Basu is also credited with administrative achievements such as the establishment of a permanent campus at the Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh. [1] A former member of the Scientific Advisory Committee to the Government of India, he has served as the council member of Indian National Science Academy, the Indian Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Sciences, India and has also been the general secretary and vice president of NASI. [1]
Sandip Kumar Basu is an elected Fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, the Indian Academy of Sciences (FASc), [11] The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS), [12] and the National Academy of Sciences, India (FNASc). [13] He delivered the Professor MRN Prasad Memorial Award Lecture in 1995, the Dr. Yellapragada SubbaRow Memorial Award Lecture in 2002 and the B. K. Bachhawat Award Lecture in 2006. [1] He received the Ranbaxy Medical Sciences Award in 1995 followed by FICCI Life Sciences Award in 1996 and Bhasin Foundation Biotechnology Award, the next year. The year 1999 brought him two awards, the B. R. Ambedkar Award of the Indian Council of Medical Research and the R. K. Dutt Memorial Award of the International Science Congress Associations. [1] A recipient of the Goyal Prize in 2003, Basu was awarded the civilian honour of Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2001.
CD36, also known as platelet glycoprotein 4, fatty acid translocase (FAT), scavenger receptor class B member 3 (SCARB3), and glycoproteins 88 (GP88), IIIb (GPIIIB), or IV (GPIV) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD36 gene. The CD36 antigen is an integral membrane protein found on the surface of many cell types in vertebrate animals. It imports fatty acids inside cells and is a member of the class B scavenger receptor family of cell surface proteins. CD36 binds many ligands including collagen, thrombospondin, erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum, oxidized low density lipoprotein, native lipoproteins, oxidized phospholipids, and long-chain fatty acids.
Joseph Leonard Goldstein ForMemRS is an American biochemist. He received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1985, along with fellow University of Texas Southwestern researcher, Michael Brown, for their studies regarding cholesterol. They discovered that human cells have low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors that remove cholesterol from the blood and that when LDL receptors are not present in sufficient numbers, individuals develop hypercholesterolemia and become at risk for cholesterol related diseases, notably coronary heart disease. Their studies led to the development of statin drugs.
Michael Stuart Brown ForMemRS NAS AAA&S APS is an American geneticist and Nobel laureate. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph L. Goldstein in 1985 for describing the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Scavenger receptors are a large and diverse superfamily of cell surface receptors. Its properties were first recorded in 1970 by Drs. Brown and Goldstein, with the defining property being the ability to bind and remove modified low density lipoproteins (LDL). Today scavenger receptors are known to be involved in a wide range of processes, such as: homeostasis, apoptosis, inflammatory diseases and pathogen clearance. Scavenger receptors are mainly found on myeloid cells and other cells that bind to numerous ligands, primarily endogenous and modified host-molecules together with pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs), and remove them. The Kupffer cells in the liver are particularly rich in scavenger receptors, includes SR-A I, SR-A II, and MARCO.
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) is a mosaic protein of 839 amino acids that mediates the endocytosis of cholesterol-rich low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100), which is embedded in the outer phospholipid layer of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), their remnants—i.e. intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and LDL particles. The receptor also recognizes apolipoprotein E (ApoE) which is found in chylomicron remnants and IDL. In humans, the LDL receptor protein is encoded by the LDLR gene on chromosome 19. It belongs to the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family. It is most significantly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and adrenal gland and cortex tissue.
Foam cells, also called lipid-laden macrophages, are a type of cell that contain cholesterol. These can form a plaque that can lead to atherosclerosis and trigger myocardial infarction and stroke.
Ralph Marvin Steinman was a Canadian physician and medical researcher at Rockefeller University, who in 1973 discovered and named dendritic cells while working as a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of Zanvil A. Cohn, also at Rockefeller University. Steinman was one of the recipients of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 also known as lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OLR1 gene.
Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), also known as alpha-2-macroglobulin receptor (A2MR), apolipoprotein E receptor (APOER) or cluster of differentiation 91 (CD91), is a protein forming a receptor found in the plasma membrane of cells involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. In humans, the LRP1 protein is encoded by the LRP1 gene. LRP1 is also a key signalling protein and, thus, involved in various biological processes, such as lipoprotein metabolism and cell motility, and diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer.
Macrophage scavenger receptor 1, also known as MSR1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MSR1 gene. MSR1 has also been designated CD204.
Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MARCO gene. MARCO is a class A scavenger receptor that is found on particular subsets of macrophages. Scavenger receptors are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) found most commonly on immune cells. Their defining feature is that they bind to polyanions and modified forms of a type of cholesterol called low-density lipoprotein (LDL). MARCO is able to bind and phagocytose these ligands and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), leading to the clearance of pathogens and cell signaling events that lead to inflammation. As part of the innate immune system, MARCO clears, or scavenges, pathogens, which leads to inflammatory responses. The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domain at the end of the extracellular side of MARCO binds ligands to activate the subsequent immune responses. MARCO expression on macrophages has been associated with tumor development and also with Alzheimer's disease, via decreased responses of cells when ligands bind to MARCO.
YWTD repeats are four-stranded beta-propeller repeats found in low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR). The six YWTD repeats together fold into a six-bladed beta-propeller. Each blade of the propeller consists of four antiparallel beta-strands; the innermost strand of each blade is labeled 1 and the outermost strand, 4. The sequence repeats are offset with respect to the blades of the propeller, such that any given 40-residue YWTD repeat spans strands 24 of one propeller blade and strand 1 of the subsequent blade. This offset ensures circularization of the propeller because the last strand of the final sequence repeat acts as an innermost strand 1 of the blade that harbors strands 24 from the first sequence repeat. The repeat is found in a variety of proteins that include, vitellogenin receptor from Drosophila melanogaster, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, preproepidermal growth factor, and nidogen (entactin).
Thomas Christian Südhof, ForMemRS, is a German-American biochemist known for his study of synaptic transmission. Currently, he is a professor in the school of medicine in the department of molecular and cellular physiology, and by courtesy in neurology, and in psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford University.
Manju Sharma is an Indian biotechnologist and administrator of several scientific research and policy-making bodies in India. She was most recently the president and executive director at the Indian Institute of Advanced Research in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. She earlier served as the secretary, Department of Biotechnology, in the Indian Ministry of Science and Technology, and was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2007.
Suvendra Nath Bhattacharyya is an Indian molecular biologist, epigeneticist and the principal scientist at the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. He is a recipient of the Swarnajayanthi Fellowship of the Department of Science and Technology and the National Bioscience Award of the Department of Biotechnology. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2016, for his contributions to biological sciences.
Amitabha Mukhopadhyay is an Indian cell biologist and a professor at the National Institute of Immunology. He is known for his studies on host-pathogens interaction and drug discovery and is an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences, India.
Joyoti Basu is an Indian biochemist, cell biologist and a senior professor at the Bose Institute. Known for her studies on the membrane structure of red blood cells, Basu is an elected fellow of all three major Indian science academies, namely the National Academy of Sciences, India, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy, as well as the Indian Society for Chemical Biology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2002.
Mohammad Zahid Ashraf is an Indian biotechnologist and a professor at Jamia Millia Islamia. Known for his studies on thrombosis experienced at high altitudes. Ashraf is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Sciences Academy and Indian Academy of Sciences, and an elected member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2017–18.
The term scavenger endothelial cell (SEC) was initially coined to describe a specialized sub-group of endothelial cells in vertebrates that express a remarkably high blood clearance activity. The term SEC has now been adopted by several scientists.
Peter Tontonoz is a physician-scientist and academic. He is the Frances and Albert Piansky Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and of Biological Chemistry at the University of California, Los Angeles.
| Authority control databases: Academics |
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