Senecio madagascariensis

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Senecio madagascariensis
Fireweed Groundsel flower (8663628665).jpg
Madagascar ragwort
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Senecio
Species:
S. madagascariensis
Binomial name
Senecio madagascariensis
Poir. (1817)
Synonyms

Senecio burchelliiauct. - non DC.
Senecio incognitusCabrera
Senecio junodianusO.Hoffm.
Senecio ruderalisHarv.
Sources: IPNI, [1] AFPD [2]

Contents

Senecio madagascariensis, also known as Madagascar ragwort, [3] is a species of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae that is native to Southern Africa. Other common names include Madagascar groundsel and fireweed. [3] It has been included on the noxious weeds list for Hawaii [4] and the reject list for Australia. [5] S.madagascariensis is the diploid cytotype of S.inaequidens. [6]

Description

Flowers Senecio madagascariensis 7th Brigade Park Chermside IMGP1871.jpg
Flowers
Leaves Fireweed Groundsel leaves (8668655194).jpg
Leaves

It is an erect, glabrous (smooth stemmed) herb that grows up to 20–60 cm in length. It may become woody and shrub-like in appropriate conditions. Leaves are alternate, narrow-lanceolate to elliptic in shape, usually bright green, smooth with margins that are lobed, serrate or entire. The broader, larger leaves are stem clenching and fleshy, 2–7 cm long and 3-10mm wide. [7]

The flowerhead, which is part of an unfirm corymb, is made up of disc florets and ray florets, and is small, yellow and daisy-like, from 1–2 cm in diameter. The plant flowers between late autumn and early spring in its native area. The fruit is an achene that is 1.5-2.5mm long and is brown-coloured, with a pappus that is 4-6.5mm long. [8]

Habitat

It is found in pastures, open woodlands, grasslands, suburban bushland, roadsides, disturbed sites, wastelands, parks and coastal environments in subtropical and warmer temperate regions. [9]

Toxicity

Senecio madagascariensis contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids and is poisonous. [10] Horses, cattle, and other livestock are at risk.

Symptoms of poisoning from fireweed include gradual weight loss, jaundice, fluid in the lungs, blindness, sudden death without any other indications, aimless wandering, muscular coordination, twitching of the head muscles, abdominal straining, rectal prolapse, and irritability. [4]

Distribution

Native
Afrotropic :
Southern Africa: South Africa, eSwatini, and Lesotho, Madagascar, Botswana

Sources: GRIN [11]

Introduced
Argentina, Australia, Colombia, Hawaii, Japan, Kenya, Mauritius, Mexico and Réunion. [12]

Related Research Articles

<i>Senecio</i> Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels.

<i>Senecio vulgaris</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio vulgaris, often known by the common names groundsel and old-man-in-the-spring, is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is an annual herb, native to the Palaearctic and widely naturalised as a ruderal species in suitable disturbed habitats worldwide.

<i>Coreopsis lanceolata</i> Species of flowering plant

Coreopsis lanceolata, commonly known as lanceleaf coreopsis, lanceleaf tickseed, lance-leaved coreopsis, or sand coreopsis, is a North American species of tickseed in the family Asteraceae.

<i>Delairea odorata</i> Species of vine in the daisy family Asteraceae

Delairea odorata is a climber within the family Asteraceae that is native to South Africa. One of the two species in the genus Delairea, it was previously included in the genus Senecio as Senecio mikanioides. It is known as Cape ivy in some parts of the world (US) and German ivy in others. Other names include parlor ivy and Italian ivy.

<i>Senecio squalidus</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio squalidus, known as Oxford ragwort, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a yellow-flowered herbaceous plant, native to mountainous, rocky or volcanic areas, that has managed to find other homes on man-made and natural piles of rocks, war-ruined neighborhoods and even on stone walls. These habitats resemble its well drained natural rocky homeland. The plants have spread via the wind, rail and the activities of botanists. The travels of this short-lived perennial, biennial, or winter annual make it a good subject for studies of the evolution and ecology of flowering plants.

<i>Senecio eboracensis</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio eboracensis, the York groundsel or York radiate groundsel, is a flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It is a hybrid between a native and a non-native introduced species, which naturalised in England but the population failed to sustain itself. It was brought back by captive cultivation. It is a self-pollinating hybrid species of ragwort and one of only six new plant species to be discovered in either the United Kingdom or North America in the last 100 years.

<i>Erechtites</i> Genus of flowering plants

Erechtites is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family known commonly as fireweeds or burnweeds. They are native to the Americas and Australia, but some species are widely distributed weeds.

Fireweed is a perennial herbaceous plant in the willowherb family (Onagraceae).

<i>Senecio angulatus</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio angulatus, also known as creeping groundsel and Cape ivy, is a succulent flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is native to South Africa. Cape ivy is a scrambling herb that can become an aggressive weed once established, making it an invasive species. It is grown as an ornamental plant for its satiny foliage and sweet-scented flowers.

<i>Senecio tamoides</i> Species of vine

Senecio tamoides, also known as Canary creeper, false grapevine, and parlor ivy, is a climbing member of the genus Senecio of the family Asteraceae that is native to Southern Africa. It is used as an ornamental plant for its showy yellow, daisy-like flowers in late autumn through to winter.

<i>Senecio crassiflorus</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio crassiflorus, in Portuguese: margarida-das-dunas, one of the native South American Senecio and an herbaceous dune dwelling perennial.

<i>Senecio crassissimus</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio crassissimus, the propeller plant, vertical leaf or lavender steps, is a succulent species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, and is endemic to the island of Madagascar off the east coast of Africa.

<i>Senecio inaequidens</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio inaequidens, known as narrow-leaved ragwort and South African ragwort, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae.

<i>Senecio triangularis</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio triangularis, known as arrowleaf ragwort, arrowleaf groundsel and arrowleaf butterweed, is a species of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae.

<i>Senecio hispidulus</i> Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae

Senecio hispidulus, the hill fireweed or rough groundsel, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is found in many parts of Australia.

<i>Galtara extensa</i> Species of moth

Galtara extensa is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1880. It is found on the Comoros and in Madagascar.

<i>Erechtites glomeratus</i> Species of flowering plant

Erechtites glomeratus, common name New Zealand fireweed, or cutleaf burnweed, or fireweed or Cluster-headed fireweed, is a species of plant in the sunflower family. It is native to Australia and New Zealand, and also naturalized on the Pacific Coast of the United States.

<i>Senecio linearifolius</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio linearifolius, commonly known as fireweed groundsel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is a small shrub with variable leaves, numerous heads of yellow flowers and grows in Tasmania, New South Wales and Victoria.

<i>Senecio quadridentatus</i> Species of flowering plant

Senecio quadridentatus is native to Australia and New Zealand. In New Zealand it is known by its Māori name pahokoraka or pekapeka. Senecio quadridentatus is an annual or perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is also known as Erechtites quadridentata Labill by the synonyms.

<i>Senecio minimus</i> Species of plant

Senecio minimus, commonly known as toothed fireweed and coastal burnweed, is a species of plant in the sunflower family. It is native to Australia and New Zealand, and also naturalized on the Pacific Coast of the United States.

References

  1. "Senecio madagascariensis". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. 2008-05-27.
  2. "Senecio madagascariensis Poir. record n° 98241". African Plants Database. South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  3. 1 2 USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Senecio madagascariensis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  4. 1 2 Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (1999-01-01). "Senecio madagascariensis" . Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  5. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (2001-01-25). "Senecio madagascariensis" . Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  6. LÓPEZ, MARIANA G.; WULFF, ARTURO F.; POGGIO, LIDIA; XIFREDA, CECILIA C. (December 2008). "South African fireweed (Asteraceae) in Argentina: relevance of chromosome studies to its systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (4): 613–620. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00865.x .
  7. Senecio madagascariensis Poiret International Environmental Weed Foundation (IEWF)
  8. Auld BA, Meld RW (1992) 'Weeds an illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia.' (Inkata Press: Melbourne)
  9. Senecio madagascariensis Poir. Weeds of Australia, Biosecurity Queensland Edition
  10. The MERCK Veterinary Manual, Table 5 Archived 2010-11-17 at the Wayback Machine
  11. "Senecio madagascariensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2008-05-27.
  12. Canadian Food Inspection Agency

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