Sesuvium portulacastrum

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Sesuvium portulacastrum
Starr 080602-5547 Sesuvium portulacastrum.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Aizoaceae
Genus: Sesuvium
Species:
S. portulacastrum
Binomial name
Sesuvium portulacastrum
(L.) L.
Synonyms [2]
Synonymy
  • Portulaca portulacastrumL. 1753
  • Aizoon canarienseAndrews1802 not L. 1753
  • Aizoon montevidenseSpreng. ex Rohr
  • Halimus maritimaKuntze
  • Halimus portulacastrum(L.) Kuntze
  • Mollugo maritimaSer.
  • Psammanthe marinaHance
  • Pyxipoma polyandrumFenzl
  • Sesuvium acutifoliumMiq.
  • Sesuvium brevifoliumSchumach. & Thonn.
  • Sesuvium eduleWight ex Wall.
  • Sesuvium longifoliumHumb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
  • Sesuvium ortegaeSpreng.
  • Sesuvium parviflorumDC.
  • Sesuvium pedunculatumPers.
  • Sesuvium pentandrumElliott
  • Sesuvium repensWilld.
  • Sesuvium revolutifoliumOrtega
  • Sesuvium revolutumPers.
  • Sesuvium sessilePers.
  • Sesuvium sessiliflorumDombey ex Rohrb.
  • Trianthema americanaGillies ex Arn.
  • Trianthema polyandraBlume

Sesuvium portulacastrum is a sprawling perennial herb in the family Aizoaceae that grows in coastal and mangrove areas throughout much of the world. [3] It grows in sandy clay, coastal limestone and sandstone, tidal flats and salt marshes, [4] throughout much of the world. It is native to Africa, Asia, Australia, Hawai`i, North America and South America, and has naturalised in many places where it is not indigenous. [5]

Contents

It is commonly known as shoreline purslane [6] or (ambiguously) " sea purslane ," in English, dampalit in Tagalog and 海马齿hǎimǎchǐ in Chinese.

Description

Sesuvium portulacastrum is a vine up to 30 centimetres (12 in) high, with thick, smooth stems up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) long. It has smooth, fleshy, glossy green leaves that are linear or lanceolate, from 1–7 centimetres (0.39–2.76 in) long and 2–1.5 centimetres (0.79–0.59 in) wide. [7] [4]

Its flowers bud from the leaf axils. They are small, 0.5 centimetres (0.20 in) in diameter and pink or purple in colour. [7] [4] They close at nighttime or when the sky is cloudy. They are pollinated by bees and moths. [3]

The fruit is a round capsule, it has tiny black seeds that do not float. [3]

Taxonomy

It was first published as Portulaca portulacastrum by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. [8] Six years later Linnaeus transferred it into Sesuvium , [9] and it has remained at that name ever since, with the exception of an unsuccessful 1891 attempt by Otto Kuntze to transfer the species into a new genus as Halimus portulacastrum. [10]

Chemistry and medicine

Fatty acid composition:- palmitic acid (31.18%), oleic acid (21.15%), linolenic acid (14.18%) linoleic acid (10.63%), myristic acid (6.91%) and behenic acid (2.42%) The plant extract showed antibacterial and anticandidal activities and moderate antifungal activity. [11]

Human consumption

Atsara, a Philippine condiment often featuring dampalit Dampalit3jf.JPG
Atsara, a Philippine condiment often featuring dampalit
AIZOACEAE Sesuvium portulacastrum L, INMA (MBML048406).pdf

Sesuvium portulacastrum is eaten in the Philippines, where it is called dampalit in Tagalog and "bilang" or "bilangbilang" in the Visayan language. [12] The plant is primarily pickled and eaten as atchara (sweet traditional pickles).

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References

  1. Bárrios, S.; Copeland, A. (2021). "Sesuvium portulacastrum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T124232167A192137469. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T124232167A192137469.en . Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  2. "Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L." World Flora Online. World Flora Consortium. 2023. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 Tan, Ria (2023). "Gelang laut (Sesuvium portulacastrum)". Wild Singapore. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 "Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L." FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  5. Sesuvium portulacastrum at the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
  6. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sesuvium portulacastrum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  7. 1 2 Prescott, A. & Venning, J. (1984). "Aizoaceae". Flora of Australia . Vol. 4. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
  8. "Portulaca portulacastrum L." Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  9. "Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L." Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  10. "Halimus portulacastrum (L.) Kuntze". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
  11. Chandrasekaran M., Senthilkumar A., Venkatesalu V "Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of fatty acid methyl esters from the leaves of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. ". European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 15 (7) (pp 775-780), 2011.
  12. Jes B. Tirol's Kapulongnan Binisaya-Ininglis/Dictionary Bisaya-English, p. 71, 2010