Sesuvium portulacastrum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Aizoaceae |
Genus: | Sesuvium |
Species: | S. portulacastrum |
Binomial name | |
Sesuvium portulacastrum | |
Synonyms [2] | |
Synonymy
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Sesuvium portulacastrum is a sprawling perennial herb in the family Aizoaceae that grows in coastal and mangrove areas throughout much of the world. [3] It grows in sandy clay, coastal limestone and sandstone, tidal flats and salt marshes, [4] throughout much of the world. It is native to Africa, Asia, Australia, Hawai`i, North America and South America, and has naturalised in many places where it is not indigenous. [5]
It is commonly known as shoreline purslane [6] or (ambiguously) " sea purslane ," in English, dampalit in Tagalog and 海马齿hǎimǎchǐ in Chinese.
Sesuvium portulacastrum is vine up to 30 centimetres (12 in) high, with thick, smooth stems up to 1 metre (3.3 ft) long. It has smooth, fleshy, glossy green leaves that are linear or lanceolate, from 1–7 centimetres (0.39–2.76 in) long and 2–1.5 centimetres (0.79–0.59 in) wide. [7] [4]
Its flowers come from at the leaf axils, they are tiny, 0.5 centimetres (0.20 in) in diameter and pink or purple in colour. [7] [4] They close at night time or when the sky is cloudy, they are pollinated by bees and moths. [3]
The fruit is a round capsule, it has tiny black seeds that do not float. [3]
It was first published as Portulaca portulacastrum by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. [8] Six years later Linnaeus transferred it into Sesuvium , [9] and it has remained at that name ever since, with the exception of an unsuccessful 1891 attempt by Otto Kuntze to transfer the species into a new genus as Halimus portulacastrum. [10]
Fatty acid composition:- palmitic acid (31.18%), oleic acid (21.15%), linolenic acid (14.18%) linoleic acid (10.63%), myristic acid (6.91%) and behenic acid (2.42%) The plant extract showed antibacterial and anticandidal activities and moderate antifungal activity. [11]
Sesuvium portulacastrum is eaten in the Philippines, where it is called dampalit in Tagalog and "bilang" or "bilangbilang" in the Visayan language. [12] The plant is primarily pickled and eaten as atchara (sweet traditional pickles).
Portulaca oleracea is an annual succulent in the family Portulacaceae.
Portulaca is a flowering plant of the family Portulacaceae, with over 100 species, found in the tropics and warm temperate regions. Also the type genus of the family, portulacas are known as the purslanes.
The Portulacaceae are a family of flowering plants, comprising 115 species in a single genus Portulaca. Formerly some 20 genera with about 500 species, were placed there, but it is now restricted to encompass only one genus, the other genera being placed elsewhere. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is also known as the purslane family. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the highest diversity in semiarid regions of the Southern Hemisphere in Africa, Australia, and South America, but with a few species also extending north into Arctic regions. The family is very similar to the Caryophyllaceae, differing in the calyx, which has only two sepals.
Banksia nobilis, commonly known as the golden dryandra, great dryandra or kerosene bush, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae which is endemic to Western Australia. It occurs on lateritic rises from Eneabba to Katanning in the state's Southwest Botanic Province. With large pinnatifid leaves with triangular lobes, and a golden or reddish pink inflorescence, it is a popular garden plant. It was known as Dryandra nobilis until 2007, when all Dryandra species were transferred to Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele. There are two subspecies, B. nobilis subsp. nobilis and B. nobilis subsp. fragrans.
Banksia proteoides, commonly known as king dryandra, is a shrub endemic to Western Australia. It was known as Dryandra proteoides until 2007, when all Dryandra species were transferred to Banksia by Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele.
Emblingia is a monospecific plant genus containing the species Emblingia calceoliflora, a herbaceous prostrate subshrub endemic to Western Australia. It has no close relatives, and is now generally placed alone in family Emblingiaceae.
Leucophyta is a plant genus which is endemic to Australia. The genus was first formally described by botanist Robert Brown in 1818.
Conospermum stoechadis, commonly known as common smokebush, is a shrub endemic to Western Australia.
Stirlingia simplex is a plant endemic to Western Australia.
Carpobrotus virescens, commonly known as coastal pigface, is a prostrate coastal succulent shrub of the family Aizoaceae native to Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the plant as Kolbogo or Metjarak.
Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum is the subspecies of Disphyma crassifolium that occurs in Australia and New Zealand. It is sometimes known by the common name rounded noon-flower
Atriplex paludosa subsp. baudinii is subspecies of Atriplex paludosa that is endemic to Western Australia.
Muellerolimon salicorniaceum, the sole species in genus Muellerolimon, is a succulent perennial herb or shrub that grows on salt mudflats in Western Australia.
Sporobolus virginicus, known by numerous common names including seashore dropseed, marine couch, sand couch, salt couch grass, saltwater couch, coastal rat-tail grass, and nioaka, is a species of grass with a wide distribution.
Parapholis incurva is a species of grass native to Europe, Asia and northern Africa, and widely naturalised elsewhere. Common names include coast barbgrass, curved sea hard grass, curved hard-grass, sicklegrass, curved sicklegrass and curved parapholis.
Podotheca angustifolia, commonly known as sticky longheads, is a species of herb native to Australia.
Setaria dielsii, commonly known as Diels' pigeon grass, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae native to Australia.
Trichodesma zeylanicum, commonly known as Northern bluebell, camel bush or cattle bush, is a herb or shrub native to Australia.
Galenia pubescens is a low-growing perennial herb in the family Aizoaceae. It is native to southern Africa and naturalised elsewhere.
Triumfetta rhomboidea, commonly known as diamond burbark, Chinese bur, or kulutkulutan in Tagalog, is a shrub that is extensively naturalised in tropical regions. It is thought that to have come to Australia from China. Its bark—sometimes called burbark--makes a kind of jute.