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Sirsi | |
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City | |
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Coordinates: 14°37′10″N74°50′15″E / 14.61944°N 74.83750°E | |
Grid position | MK74 |
Country | ![]() |
State | Karnataka |
Köppen climate classification | Tropical monsoon climate |
District | Uttara Kannada |
Region | Malenadu, Western Ghats, Kanara |
Government | |
• Body | City Municipal Council |
• MLA | Bhimanna Naik |
• MP | Vishweshwar Hegde Kageri |
Area | |
• Urban | 13.2 km2 (5.1 sq mi) |
• Rural | 1,316 km2 (508 sq mi) |
Elevation | 611 m (2,005 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• City | 62,882 [1] |
• Rural | 124,026 |
Demonyms | Sirsians |
Languages | |
• Official | Kannada |
• Regional | Havigannada, Konkani, Kannada |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 581401, 581402, 581403 + 5 Other |
Telephone code | +91-8384 |
Vehicle registration | KA-31 |
Literacy | 94.82% |
Website | www |
Sirsi is a city and a taluk headquarter in Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state in India. [2] It was also known as Kalyana Pattana during the Sonda Dynasty. [3] It is a tourist destination with evergreen forest and waterfalls and is also a commercial centre. The main businesses around the city are mostly subsistence and agriculture-based. Areca nut or betel nut, locally known as Adike (also known as supari), is the primary crop grown in the nearby villages, making it one of the major trading centres for areca nut. The region is also known for spices such as cardamom, pepper, betel leaves, and vanilla. The major food crop is paddy. This city is about 72 km away from the city of Sagara and 144 km away from Shimoga.
Sirsi is located at 14°37′N74°51′E / 14.62°N 74.85°E (Grid Square MK74). [4] It has an elevation ranging between 1860 feet to 2600 feet above sea level, and is situated in the heart of the Western Ghats. Sirsi is about 399 kilometres (248 mi) from Bangalore. The nearest airport is located in Hubballi, about 104 km (65 mi) and Belagavi Airport, about 190 km (120 mi) from Sirsi. River Aghanashini begins at a place near Sirsi called "shankara honda" and flows towards the Arabian Sea in the west. The river also creates many waterfalls along its path. This city is 144.4 km away from Shimoga and 72.2 km away from Sagara, Karnataka.
Sirsi is classified as having a tropical monsoon climate (Am). Sirsi experiences very warm to hot afternoons and pleasant to warm mornings all through the year. The annual average temperature in Sirsi is 23.9 °C (75.0 °F). This town experiences about 25 days of hot days in a year. The hottest days are usually recorded in the months of March and April, which is the summer season in this region. The climate in Sirsi is strongly influenced by the monsoons, and the climate is tropical, moderated by proximity to the sea. During monsoons, the region receives one of the heaviest rainfall in Uttara Kannada district. As a result, the region also has a large variety of wildlife. The vegetation in the region is mainly moist deciduous, and valuable timber wood is commonly found in the forests of this region. Owing to the rich flora and fauna, deforestation and poaching have been causes for concern in recent years. Sirsi receives about 2500mm to 3500mm of rainfall annually. The climate of Sirsi is moderate and pleasant throughout the year with high humidity and day temperature usually stays warm. Annually, Sirsi's day temperature averages about 25 days of hot days with temperature more than 35 °C (95 °F) and 124 days of warm days ranging 30 °C (86 °F) to 35 °C (95 °F) and remains below 30 °C (86 °F) rest of the year (about 215 days). [5] Maximum day temperature is lowest in July or August with an average of 24.03 °C (75.25 °F) and highest in March with an average of 35.35 °C (95.63 °F) with winter temperatures dropping below 12 °C (54 °F) rarely.
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Climate data for Sirsi, KA, India (2001–2013) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 34.4 (93.9) | 36.4 (97.5) | 38.3 (100.9) | 39.4 (102.9) | 39.1 (102.4) | 33.8 (92.8) | 31.0 (87.8) | 30.3 (86.5) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.2 (91.8) | 32.3 (90.1) | 32.8 (91.0) | 39.4 (102.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.35 (84.83) | 31.52 (88.74) | 34.15 (93.47) | 33.14 (91.65) | 32.32 (90.18) | 25.07 (77.13) | 24.03 (75.25) | 25.03 (77.05) | 27.29 (81.12) | 29.13 (84.43) | 29.01 (84.22) | 27.83 (82.09) | 28.99 (84.18) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.48 (59.86) | 16.43 (61.57) | 19.56 (67.21) | 21.90 (71.42) | 23.17 (73.71) | 21.70 (71.06) | 20.90 (69.62) | 20.70 (69.26) | 20.70 (69.26) | 20.10 (68.18) | 17.85 (64.13) | 15.83 (60.49) | 19.53 (67.15) |
Record low °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) | 7.8 (46.0) | 11.2 (52.2) | 12.4 (54.3) | 16.2 (61.2) | 18.4 (65.1) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.2 (63.0) | 15.9 (60.6) | 13.7 (56.7) | 8.4 (47.1) | 9.3 (48.7) | 5.4 (41.7) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.4 (0.02) | 1.4 (0.06) | 15 (0.6) | 43.5 (1.71) | 64.0 (2.52) | 539.58 (21.24) | 940 (37.0) | 842.33 (33.16) | 382.75 (15.07) | 131.83 (5.19) | 43.23 (1.70) | 2.43 (0.10) | 3,006.45 (118.37) |
Average rainy days | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 5.9 | 9.5 | 21.5 | 24.5 | 24 | 17.2 | 14.5 | 5.7 | 1.5 | 126.7 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 81.8 | 83.7 | 87.38 | 93.2 | 89.1 | 90.7 | 93.3 | 95.8 | 94.1 | 91.3 | 86.0 | 83.5 | 89.16 |
Source: Karnataka Forest Department "Climatological Information for Sirsi, India. [6] [7] [8] |
Sampakhanda, Kakkali, Devimane Ghat, Bandla, Hebre are nearby and under Sirsi Taluk. Sampakhanda is the coldest place where the temperature would drop below 20 °C (68 °F) often during winter season and often drops below 25 °C (77 °F) even in summer season, and it had been recorded coldest not only in Uttara Kannada district but also as the coldest place among Karnataka especially during summer season.
As of 2011, [9] the population of Sirsi within town limits was 62,335. Males constituted 51% of the population and females 49%. Sirsi had an average literacy rate of 92.82%, which was much higher than the national average of 74.05%. Male literacy was 95.26%, and female literacy 90.43%. About 12% of the population was under 6 years of age. In Sirsi City Municipal Council, the female sex ratio was 1014, whereas the state average in Karnataka was 973.
Sirsi is linked to other parts of the state many state highways. A couple of National Highways are sanctioned by the Ministry of Transport, Government of India passing through Sirsi namely Yellapur-Sirsi-Talguppa and Kumta-Sirsi-Haveri which will be developed and maintained by National Highways Authority of India (NHAI). Sirsi is linked to neighboring district headquarters of Dharwad, Mangalore, Udupi, Haveri, Belgaum and Shimoga. The state corporation has a network of buses to all major cities and towns in Karnataka, Maharashtra and Goa. VRL, SRS, Seabird, Shreekumar Travels, Durgamba Travels, Sri Durgamba Travels and Sugama Transport are the major private bus operators. Premium Volvo and Corona bus services are also available.
There are 3 mountain roads otherwise known as Ghat section are available to access Sirsi, 1. Devimane Ghat Road from Kumta via Katgal, Devimane, Amminali, Total Number of Hairpin turn : 15
2. Vaddi Ghat Road from Ankola via Achave, Yana Rock Mountain, Devanahalli, Total Number of Hairpin turn : 21
3. Doddamane Ghat Road from Kumta via Mavingundi, Siddapura, Kansoor, Total Number of Hairpin turn : 15
Some roads might be dangerous to access during monsoon seasons because of slippery conditions. But these are scenic routes during June, July, August, September, October months because of monsoon.
The nearest railhead is at Talguppa and Kumta. Talguppa is 54 km (34 mi) from Sirsi. Kumta is 62 km (39 mi) from Sirsi. Haveri Railway Station is about 76 km (47 mi) from Sirsi and it has rail network to some major cities like Hubli, Davangere, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Salem, Madurai, Tirunelveli. Talguppa railway connects Bengaluru city via Sagar, Karnataka. Kumta railway connects Kochi and Mumbai via Mangaluru and Karwar, respectively. The major railhead is Hubli, which is the Zonal Headquarters of South Western Railway zone.
The nearest airport is in Hubli, and the other is Belagavi, which are about 2.5 hrs and 5 hours drive from Sirsi respectively. Belagavi is connected to Bangalore, while Hubli is connected to Bangalore (direct – four flights daily), Mangalore (1 stop same equipment), Chennai (Direct), Jabalpur (1 stop same equipment) and Mumbai (direct – twice daily) by air. The nearest International Airport is Dabolim Airport, Goa.
Yakshagana is a classical dance drama common to the state of Karnataka mainly in the districts of Uttara Kannada, Shivamogga, Udupi, Dakshina Kannada and Kasaragod district of Kerala. There are several Yakshagana artists in and around Sirsi and it is being regularly played in Sirsi. Traditionally, Yakshaganas used to start late in the night and run entire night. Bhagavatha along with background musicians who play Chande and Maddale forms himmela. The actors who wear colorful costumes and enact various roles in the story forms Mummela. Yakshagana is sometimes simply called as Aataā in both Konkani and Kannada (meaning play). [10] Yaksha-gana literally means the song (gana) of a Yaksha. Yakshas were an exotic tribe mentioned in the Sanskrit literature of ancient India. [11]
In Sirsi, Holi is celebrated with a unique Carnival. Folk dance called "Bedara Vesha" is performed during the nights beginning five days before the actual festival day. The festival is celebrated every alternate year in the town which attracts a large crowd on all the five days from different parts of the India. [12]
Dollu Kunitha is also another folk dance of Sirsi performed during Bedara Vesha and Marikamba Fair.
Arecanut is extensively grown in this region. The arecanut grown in Sirsi has unique features like a round and flattened coin shape, particular texture, size, cross-sectional views, taste, etc. Its average dry weight is 7.5 g and average thickness is 16 mm. This unique arecanut has secured a GI tag.' [13]
The annual budget of the CMC Sirsi for the year 2021–22 is Rs.128.28 crores, out of which Rs.781.20 lakhs was proposed for capital expenses, Rs.462.45 lakhs towards proposed revenue payment, Rs.232.09 lakhs towards extra ordinary payment, and for development of SC&ST was Rs.9.86 lakhs. [14]
Sirsi's Marikamba temple was built in 1688 and renovated at periodic intervals. The 'Marikamba Jaathre', commemorating the goddess Marikamba, is held by the temple authorities every alternate year. Nearly 100,000 Hindu devotees from all parts of the country attend the fair, making it one of the biggest festivals in South India.
Banavasi is the oldest town in the Karnataka state. [15] It has grown around the Madhukeshwara Temple dedicated to Shiva, built in the 5th century. [16] the supreme God in Shaivism, a major branch of Hinduism.
Banavasi contains some of the oldest architectural monuments in southern India.
Shree Matha is situated amidst evergreen forests near Shalmala river in Sirsi Taluk of Uttara Kannada district. Its history can be traced back to the period of Adi Shankaracharya who professed Advaita philosophy and established Mathas to propagate it. It is a famous religious center and includes 16 seemas in the Upperghat and several places in the Lowerghat and many more disciples across India. Havyaka Brahmins, Ramakshatriyas, Sheeligas, Siddhis, Marathis, Goulis, Bhandaris and Kunbis and many more are the traditional disciples of this matha.
Sodhe or Sonda or Swadi flourished during the Vijayanagara Empire and is a considered to be a sacred place by both Hindus and Jains. Sonda is known for Shri Vadiraja Matha, Shri Swarnavalli Matha and is about 15 km (9.3 mi) from Sirsi. [17] [18]
Manjuguni is one of the popular pilgrim centers located in the Uttara Kannada (North Kanara) district of Karnataka state. This place is located at a distance of 26 km from Sirsi. The temple here is dedicated to Lord Venkataramana and Goddess Padmavathi. Devotees believe that, Manjuguni is called as "Tirupati of karnataka". The temple is situated in western ghat belt, popularly known as Sahyadri hills. During winter, this place is covered by thick fog (in Kannada: Manju) and hence it is called by the name 'Manjuguni'. The temple of Lord Venkatramana is a huge complex built in Vijayanagara Style.
According to "Sri Venkatesha Mahatmya" the founder of this temple is 'Tirumala Yogi', a saint.
A Jain Matha exists there, and it has been headed by Bhattaraka Swasti Sri Bhattakalanka. [19] [20] [21] The Sonda Jain Matha is also known as the Swadi Jain Matha. [22]
Shree Matha is situated amidst evergreen forests near Hulekal in Sirsi Taluk of Uttara Kannada district. Its history can be traced back to the period of Madhvacharya who professed Dvaita philosophy and established Mathas to propagate it. Ancient Shri Lakshminarayana Temple in Hulekal having the first Mrittika vrindavana of Sri Vyasarajaru and The moola vrindavana of Sri Lakshmi Nivasa Teertharu. Ganiga and many more are the traditional disciples of this matha.
St. Anthony's church is in Sirsi and is situated in the center of the town, and is the main church for the minority Christian population in the region. Another church is St. John Bosco Church situated on Hubli Road. Another church is Infant Jesus Church in Agasebagil. St.Paul's Mar Thoma Church is situated near the Zoo Circle. [ citation needed ]
Uttara Kannada is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is a major coastal district of Karnataka, and is the third largest district in Karnataka. It is bordered by the state of Goa and Belagavi districts to the north, Dharwad District and Haveri District to the east, Shivamogga District, and Udupi District to the south, and the Laccadive Sea to the west.
Havyaka Brahmins, originally called Havika Brahmana, are a Hindu Brahmin community native to the districts of Shivamogga, Uttara Kannada, Dakshina Kannada, coastal Karnataka, and the Kasaragod district of Kerala. Havyakas fall under the Pancha-Dravida Brahmin category; they are followers of mostly Yajurveda and some Rigveda and Samaveda Shakas. They follow the Advaita philosophy of Adi Shankaracharya.
Ankola is a town municipal council and taluka in the Uttara Kannada district of the Indian state of Karnataka. The town is around 33 km (21 mi) from Karwar and 86 km (53 mi) from Sirsi.
Dharwad or Dharawada is an administrative district of the state of Karnataka in southern India. The administrative headquarters of the district is the city of Dharwad, also known as Dharwar. Dharwad is located 425 km northwest of Bangalore and 421 km southeast of Pune, on the main highway between Chennai and Pune, the National Highway 4 (NH4).
Siddapur Taluk is the destination of world famous Jog Falls. It is a part of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka, India and is located in the midst of forest areas of Western Ghats and it is also a part of Malenadu. The taluk is full of greenery, hills and arecanut gardens developed in the valleys’. The taluk headquarters is Siddapur. Sirsi is the nearest city,
Sode is a village near Sirsi in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka in India.
Banavasi is an ancient temple town located near Sirsi in Karnataka. Banavasi was the ancient capital of the Kannada empire Kadamba that ruled all of modern-day Karnataka state. They were the first native empire to bring Kannada and Karnataka to prominence. It is 24 km (15 mi) away from its nearest large city Sirsi through SH 77.
Karnataka, the sixth largest state in India, has been ranked as the third most popular state in the country for tourism in 2014. It is home to 507 of the 3600 centrally protected monuments in India, second only to Uttar Pradesh. The State Directorate of Archaeology and Museums protects an additional 752 monuments and another 25,000 monuments are yet to receive protection.
Lakkavalli is a small town / Hobli in Tarikere Taluk of Chikkamagaluru district, Karnataka state, southern India. Lakkavalli is the site of a dam across the Bhadra River; the dam is used for irrigation and power production and agriculture. Lakkavalli is malnad hobli of Tarikere taluk since it belongs to Malnad region. The biodiversity of the place is well known since the British. The Kuvempu University, which is one of the premier learning centre, is just 7 km from here. The state highway T-M Road passes through the village. A Jain Matha exists here and it is headed by Bhattaraka Swasti Sri Vrushabasena.
Yellapura is a town in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka, India. Arecanut is the primary crop grown in the villages surrounding the town. Approximately 90% of the population of Yellapura are farmers who grow Arecanut and paddy.
Siddapura is a town and the headquarters of Siddapur taluk, It is located at a distance of 39 km (24 mi) from Sirsi through SH 93. it is part Uttara Kannada district in Karnataka. It is nestled among the Malenadu region. The town is surrounded by forests and lush greenery, and the region is popular for its many waterfalls.it is known for its proximity to Jog Falls, Adike is the primary crop grown in the villages that surround the town.
Temples of the Indian State of Karnataka illustrate the variety of architecture prevalent in various periods. The architectural designs have found a distinguished place in forming a true atmosphere of devotion for spiritual attainment.
Tadadi (Tadari) is one of the ports in Uttara Kannada, Karnataka, India. It is near Gokarna in Kumta taluk.
Yana is a tourist destination located in forest of Katgal Range, which is also a part of Malenadu region of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state in India. Yana is one of the wettest villages in the world. It is the cleanest village in Karnataka and the second cleanest village in India. The two unique rock outcrops after the village are tourist attractions and easily approachable by two routes one from Kumta-Sirsi Highway by a small trek through 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) the thick forests from the nearest road head and another from Sirsi-Ankola Road.
Gangavalli River is one of the many small rivers that originates and flows entirely within the western part of state of Karnataka in India. The National Highway 66 (India) continues on the Hosur Bridge the bridge built over Gangavali River and the road continues to split the Ankola and Kumta regions to connect Uttar Kannada district to Dharwar and Mangalore area.
Kadamba architecture was a style of temple architecture founded by Mayurasharma in the 4th century AD in Karnataka, India. Kadambas created new style of architecture which was the basis of the Hoysalas style of architecture, developed original school of sculpture, was the forerunner of series of South Indian sculptors. Many temples at Aihole, Badami and Hampi are built in Kadamba style.
Charekone is a small village in Siddapura Taluk Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka State; Which is about 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Sirsi and 28 kilometres (17 mi) from Siddapur.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Karnataka:
A. K. Shastry was an Indian historian in the state of Karnataka, India.
Devimane is a hill station and high-altitude village in Sirsi taluk of Malenadu region in Karnataka, India. The road to reach the village is named Devimane Ghat, and lies in NH 766E ultimately connecting Malenadu city Sirsi and Karavali town Kumta. Being under the lush forest zone in Uttara Kannada District, it consists of 10 hairpin curves with a well-engineered road that reduces the risk of accidents. The road's elevation ranges from 25 to 567 metres. A temple of Goddess Durga Devi is at the beginning of the road at elevation 429m. The ghat section was named after the temple, "Devimane", meaning "the home of goddess Devi". There are 5 hairpins curves between Devimane Temple and Sampakhanda.