Slaad

Last updated
Slaad
Slaad.JPG
First appearance Fiend Folio (1981)
In-universe information
Type Outsider
AlignmentChaotic neutral

The slaad (pluralized as slaadi, or as slaads in the 4th edition) is a fictional monster in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. They are extraplanar creatures (outsiders) that resemble giant humanoid toads of various colors (red, blue, grey, white, black), and other types, such as mud, and death slaadi.

Contents

Publication history

Development and licensing

The slaadi were created by Charles Stross and published in the TSR UK book, Fiend Folio Tome of Creatures Malevolent and Benign (1981). Stross said of their creation:

Well, the fact that I was running a fever when I came up with the Slaadi is probably not going to surprise anyone—think of 'em as my independent exploration of Lovecraftiana. (I didn't discover H. P. Lovecraft until a couple of years later.)... Think "Lovecraft mythos", as invented by someone who hasn't read Lovecraft (or heard of him). The Slaadi were going to be basically representatives of, and devotees of, total chaos—with an added warped sense of humour. [1]

For much of their existence, the slaadi were the subject of jokes by D&D players due to their distinctly frog-like appearance, which was emphasized in early artistic depictions of the monsters. With the advent of the Planescape campaign setting, TSR, Inc. made an effort to create a more fearsome image of the slaadi, with their toad qualities toned down in favor of showing more frightening aspects depicting them as beings of pure chaos. This Planescape envisioning of the slaadi carried forth into the 3rd Edition of the D&D game and has persisted ever since. [2]

Because they were created by a D&D player (and their copyrights transferred to TSR and, subsequently, Wizards of the Coast), slaadi are one of only a handful of D&D monsters considered "Product Identity" by Wizards of the Coast and, as such, are not released under its Open Gaming License. [3]

Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 1st edition (1977–1988)

The blue slaad, death slaad (the lesser masters), the green slaad, the grey slaad (the executioners), and the red slaad appear in the first edition Fiend Folio (1981), along with Ssendam, Lord of the Insane, and Ygorl, Lord of Entropy. [4] Ed Greenwood, in his review of the Fiend Folio for Dragon magazine, considered the slaad "worthy additions to any campaign". [5]

The slaadi and their role in the planes are detailed in this edition's Manual of the Planes (1987). [6]

Another slaad lord, Wartle, appeared in the adventure anthology, Tales of the Outer Planes (1988).

Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd edition (1989–1999)

The blue slaad, death slaad, the gray slaad, the green slaad, and the red slaad appear first in the Monstrous Compendium Outer Planes Appendix (1991), [7] and are reprinted in the Monstrous Manual (1993). [8] The same set of slaadi appear for the Planescape campaign setting in the first Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix (1994). [9]

Ygorl and Ssendam appear in Dragon #221 (September 1995) in the "Dragon's Bestiary" column; the same article also introduced two new slaad lords: Chourst, Lord of Randomness, and Rennbuu, Lord of Colors. [10]

The baby red slaad and the young red slaad appear in Dungeon #77 (November 1999).

Dungeons & Dragons 3.0 edition (2000–2002)

The blue slaad, death slaad, the gray slaad, the green slaad, and the red slaad appear in the Monster Manual for this edition (2000). [11]

The slaadi and their role in the planes are detailed in this edition's Manual of the Planes (2001). [12] The black slaad and the white slaad appeared in the Epic Level Handbook (2002).

The gormeel appeared in Dragon #306 (April 2003). [13]

The mud slaad appears in the Fiend Folio (2003) for this edition. [14]

Dungeons & Dragons 3.5 edition (2003–2007)

The blue slaad, death slaad, the gray slaad, the green slaad, and the red slaad appear in the revised Monster Manual for this edition (2003).

Another new slaad lord, Bazim-Gorag the Firebringer, first appeared in Dungeon #101 (August 2003). Bazim-Gorag later appeared in the Forgotten Realms book, Champions of Ruin (2005). [15]

Dungeons & Dragons 4th edition (2008–2014)

The slaadi, pluralised as slaads, appear in the Monster Manual for this edition (2008). [16] In 4th edition, the slaads are elemental creatures, [17] native to the Elemental Chaos.

Dungeons & Dragons 5th edition (2014–present)

The slaadi appear in this edition of the Monster Manual, with additional lore about the reproduction of slaadi. It also includes information concerning The Spawning Stone that was created by Primus, which ultimately led to the creation of the slaadi. [18]

Cultural impact

Charles Stross, creator of the slaadi, used the creatures in his 2007 novel Halting State , where they appeared as an enemy in the fictional MMORPG Avalon Four. [19]

The word "slaad" has been used to describe frog-like monsters in the comic Yamara [20] and the webcomic Shadowgirls, which uses the word "slaad" to describe a race of monsters. [21]

In Rich Burlew's Order of the Stick , a chaotic evil character expresses surprise at two shoulder devils appearing instead of one devil and one angel; as he has no good or lawful sides whatsoever, the devils explain that the character has only them and the slaad. [22]

Slaadi have appeared in 3rd-party game sourcebooks such as the Tome of Horrors from Necromancer Games. It was parodied in the HackMaster Hacklopedia of Beasts, published by Kenzer & Company. The plot of the Downer series of graphic novels by Kyle Stanley Hunter, published by Paizo Publishing, revolves around a slaad-created artifact. [23] [24]

Depiction

In the D&D game slaadi are native to the Outer Plane of Limbo. As such they are of the outsider type, being composed of the essence of their home plane. Encountered on most other planes they also receive the extraplanar subtype. Slaadi are almost always chaotic neutral except for the death slaadi, which are usually chaotic evil, and the gormeel slaadi, which are usually lawful neutral.

In the various D&D products in which they are presented, slaadi are described as frog or toad-like humanoids. Within that rough characterization they have a wide range of forms depending on subtype, and often corresponding to their rank in society. Size also varies between the different subtypes, from human sized to several feet taller than human sized.

GameSpy author Allan Rausch described the slaadi as "remorseless reptilian killing machines". They might have become "popular creatures among players", but "For many years, slaad were a joke -- because of their artwork", which showed them as "six-foot tall carnivorous frogs". With the Planescape setting they "were reinterpreted artistically to be less frog-like and much more fearsome", a development continued into the 3rd edition of the game. [25]

Society

In various editions of D&D the slaadi have been depicted as having a complex social system bound up in the relationship and reproductive cycles of the various subtypes. Some subtypes dominate others, though as slaadi are creatures of chaos, such domination occurs not through a regimented hierarchy, but by brute force. In earlier D&D editions a symbol of power was embedded in each slaad's forehead, and non-magical tattoos on the forehead represented achievements and status. [26] The latter physical characteristics do not appear in 3rd and later editions of D&D. In earlier editions of D&D the slaad were divided only into red, blue, green, gray and death subtypes. 3rd Edition D&D added the mud, and epic level white and black subtypes. In all editions the slaad have been dominated by the Slaad Lords, Ssendam and Ygorl.

Red and blue slaadi reproduce by infecting living hosts. The red do so by implanting eggs beneath their victim's skin which grow into a baby blue slaad that eats the host from within. The blue infect the host with a lycanthropy-like disease that slowly transforms them into a red slaad. Despite being the means of producing the other slaad type, reds and blues despise one another. If either a red slaad or blue slaad infects an arcane spellcaster, the host will spawn a green slaad, superior to its parent in that it may cast spells. A green slaad, upon reaching its hundredth year of life, will retreat into isolation for the duration of about a year. Upon its return it has transformed into a smaller, but more powerful grey slaad, which focus more on spell-casting than most other slaadi. Some grey slaadi undergo an unnamed, mysterious ritual, which transforms them into death slaadi. Death slaadi possess amazing magical and physical might, but eschew focusing on the former, as the greys do, being bent more on perpetuating slaughter and death. As such, death slaad tend more towards an evil alignment than do most other slaadi. If the death slaad survives a century, it turns into the white slaad. [27] If the white slaad survives a century, it turns into a black slaad in the manner of its preceding transformations. The black slaad is the most powerful slaad, excluding the slaad lords. [28] The reproductive cycle of mud slaadi is not detailed. [29]

The Spawning Stone is the primordial home of the slaadi, located in "a realm of their greatest dominion", and drifting about Limbo. The passage of the stone generates currents in the raw chaos-stuff of the plane, and slaadi are able to follow these currents "upstream" to the Stone's location. In the mating season, each race of slaad converges on the Spawning Stone, wresting the Stone away from the previous group, so that they may fertilize each other's internal egg sacs, and carry away the seed-like fertilized eggs for later implantation into host bodies. Sometimes, however, young slaadi are produced right there at the stone because the slaadi implant each other in their mating frenzy. Thus, dead adult slaadi routinely float about the stone until destroyed by the chaos of Limbo. True slaadi are described as beings of ultimate chaos who have no set form. Only the Slaad Lords Ssendam and Ygorl are representative of this type. Somehow they affected the 'Spawning Stone' to prevent the emergence of slaadi more powerful than them, which keeps the slaadi within the aforementioned groups. Although anomalies do slip through in the chaos, they have less variety, and less chance of being more powerful than the Slaad Lords. [30] One such anomaly is the Gormeel Slaad, which is a subtype introduced in an article in Dragon [31] as a large, mutant variety "born from the Spawning Stone", and escaping the notice of Ygorl and Ssendam. They are lawful in alignment, serving as allies and sometimes mounts of the githzerai against other slaadi.

In 5e, the Spawning Stone was revealed to be created by the modron leader Primus in an attempt to tame Limbo, but the plane corrupted its original purpose and produced the slaadi as an immune response.[ citation needed ] Their reproductive process is an expression of how Limbo turned the Stone, an artifact of pure Law, into a tool of Chaos.

Slaad Lords

Slaad Lords are the de facto rulers of the Slaadi race. True to their chaotic nature, they often do not appear anything like other Slaadi. Known slaad lords include Ygorl, Lord of Entropy; Ssendam, Lord of Madness; [32] Chourst, Lord of Randomness; Rennbuu, Lord of Colors; and Wartle.

Famous Slaadi

Forgotten Realms, The Erevis Cale trilogy

In Paul S. Kemp's Erevis Cale trilogy, the main antagonist known as the Sojourner has four slaadi henchmen that he refers to as his "children" named Azriim, Dolgan, Eleura and Serrin. In the books they appear to be bound to the Sojourner, and serve as a constant foe to Erevis Cale and his companions as they try to thwart the Sojourner. They are all green slaadi and have been granted various powers by the Sojourner. They can cast magic, shapeshift, heal at a very fast rate, and have telepathy. They all tend to choose a human form that suits their taste and only transform back into their slaad forms at certain occasions, mostly when they feed or fight. Azriim (the leader) chooses a half-drow form with 2 different color eyes, Dolgan chooses a Cormyrean warrior and is the dumb brute of the gang, Serrin is dark and assassin-like and chooses a slender human. Their true slaad forms are green, very large, scaled reptiles, with powerful legs, long claws, and sharp teeth. During the series the Sojourner, with the power to destroy worlds at a whim, transforms Dolgan and Azriim into gray slaadi as a reward. They are portrayed as a mix between a moth and reptile, and have the ability to fly. They are later transformed into death slaadi, which are portrayed as their original reptilian slaad form, with slightly altered physical features. Their most notable trait is that they appear almost see-through and have much stronger abilities. At the end of the trilogy Azriim alone survived and went to his way.

Xanxost

Xanxost is a blue slaad with a penchant for exploring the planes, explaining their secrets to everyone interested, and eating whatever he can catch, particularly mephits. He appears as a character in the Planescape accessories Faces of Evil: The Fiends and The Inner Planes. Both of these books are written in an in-universe style, as if they were created by someone within the Planescape setting, and within that writing style, both books have an 'editor' who collected the investigations and opinions of various planar creatures on the topic at hand. Xanxost is one such character. "Though his mannerisms are often odd, his information is always reliable". [36]

In Faces of Evil he is one of the 'authors' of the section on tanar'ri, and in The Inner Planes he 'wrote' the section on the Quasielemental Plane of Steam. (The editor of the latter book claims that he was recruited to pen the chapter because feedback to his commentary in the former book was overwhelmingly positive.) Xanxost seems less chaotic than other slaadi in that he can write a mostly coherent piece of text, though his nature still shows through in his writing style, with many wanderings off-topic (mostly to the subject of food), repetitions of earlier remarks, and a seeming inability to count. He also refers to himself in third person. He also admits that his conflicts with tanar'ri have edged him slightly from pure Chaos towards the side of Good, at least for the time being. Xanxost is referred to as "it" in Faces of Evil, which makes some sense given the unusual nature of slaadi reproduction, but as "he" in The Inner Planes.

Zgotar

Zgotar, a death slaad, appears in Scott Bennie's "Threshold of Evil" adventure in Dungeon Magazine #10. The primary villain of that adventure, Azurax Silverhawk, has been officially placed in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting. [37] However, Zgotar also appeared in Castle Greyhawk (1987) in an adventure scenario also written by Scott Bennie. In addition, Azurax is called a "plane-wandering archmage" [37] and Old Empires said he has only recently purchased his property in the Hills of Maerth.

Reception

Ed Greenwood considered the slaadi "worthy additions to any campaign". [38]

GameSpy author Allan Rausch described the slaadi as "remorseless reptilian killing machines", but "For many years, slaad were a joke -- because of their artwork", which showed them as "six-foot tall carnivorous frogs". With the Planescape setting they "were reinterpreted artistically to be less frog-like and much more fearsome". [25]

Shannon Applecline considered the slaad one of the game's especially notable monsters. [39]

In other media

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Planescape</span> Dungeons & Dragons fictional campaign setting

Planescape is a campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, designed by Zeb Cook, and published in 1994. It crosses numerous planes of existence, encompassing an entire cosmology called the Great Wheel, as developed previously in the 1987 Manual of the Planes by Jeff Grubb. This includes many of the other Dungeons & Dragons worlds, linking them via inter-dimensional magical portals.

<i>Spelljammer</i> Dungeons & Dragons fictional campaign setting

Spelljammer is a campaign setting originally published for the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game, which features a fantastic outer space environment. Subsequent editions have included Spelljammer content; a Dungeons & Dragons 5th edition setting update was released on August 16, 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Illithid</span> Fictional monster from Dungeons & Dragons

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, illithids are monstrous humanoid aberrations with psionic powers. In a typical Dungeons & Dragons campaign setting, they live in the moist caverns and cities of the enormous Underdark. Illithids believe themselves to be the dominant species of the multiverse and use other intelligent creatures as thralls, slaves, and chattel. Illithids are well known for making thralls out of other intelligent creatures, as well as feasting on their brains.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tiefling</span> Fictional humanoid race in Dungeons & Dragons

The tiefling is a fictional humanoid race in the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy roleplaying game. Originally introduced in the Planescape campaign setting in the second edition of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons as a player character race for the setting, they became one of the primary races available for player characters in the fourth edition of the game.

<i>Monster Manual</i> Sourcebook series of Dungeons & Dragons bestiaries

The Monster Manual is the primary bestiary sourcebook for monsters in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, first published in 1977 by TSR. The Monster Manual was the first hardcover D&D book and includes monsters derived from mythology and folklore, as well as creatures created specifically for D&D. Creature descriptions include game-specific statistics, a brief description of its habits and habitats, and typically an image of the creature. Along with the Player's Handbook and Dungeon Master's Guide, the Monster Manual is one of the three "core rulebooks" in most editions of the D&D game. As such, new editions of the Monster Manual have been released for each edition of D&D. Due to the level of detail and illustration included in the 1977 release, the book was cited as a pivotal example of a new style of wargame books. Future editions would draw on various sources and act as a compendium of published monsters.

<i>Fiend Folio</i> Dungeons & Dragons monsters book

Fiend Folio is the name of three separate products published for successive editions of the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons (D&D). All three are collections of monsters.

In the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, an Outer Plane is one of a number of general types of planes of existence. They can also be referred to as godly planes, spiritual planes, or divine planes. The Outer Planes are home to beings such as deities and their servants such as demons, celestials and devils. Each Outer Plane is usually the physical manifestation of a particular moral and ethical alignment and the entities that dwell there often embody the traits related to that alignment.

A devil is a fictional classification of monsters in the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game. Often used as a high-level challenge for players of the game, devils are Lawful Evil in alignment and originate from the Nine Hells of Baator. In accordance with their Lawful Evil alignment, devils adhere to a rigid and ruthless hierarchy, undergoing transformations as they ascend the power structure. At the pinnacle of this hierarchy stand the mighty Archdevils, also known as the Lords of the Nine, who exercise dominion over distinct realms within Baator. Devils frequently view the myriad worlds in the D&D metacosmos as instruments to be manipulated for their own purposes, including waging the Blood War—a centuries-long conflict against their arch-foes, the demons.

Plane (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Role-playing game multiverse

The planes of the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game constitute the multiverse in which the game takes place. Each plane is a universe with its own rules with regard to gravity, geography, magic and morality. There have been various official cosmologies over the course of the different editions of the game; these cosmologies describe the structure of the standard Dungeons & Dragons multiverse.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Owlbear</span> Fictional monster from Dungeons & Dragons

An owlbear is a fictional creature originally created for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game. An owlbear is depicted as a cross between a bear and an owl, which "hugs" like a bear and attacks with its beak. Inspired by a plastic toy made in Hong Kong, Gary Gygax created the owlbear and introduced the creature to the game in the 1975 Greyhawk supplement; the creature has since appeared in every subsequent edition of the game. Owlbears, or similar beasts, also appear in several other fantasy role-playing games, video games and other media.

Troll (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Fictional monster in Dungeons & Dragons

Trolls are fictional monsters in the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game.

Goblin (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Fictional monster from Dungeons & Dragons

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, goblins are a common and fairly weak race of evil humanoid monsters. Goblins are non-human monsters that low-level player characters often face in combat.

Giant (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Large humanoid creature in "Dungeons & Dragons"

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, giants are a collection of very large humanoid creatures based on giants of legend, or in third edition, a "creature type".

Lich (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Undead creature in "Dungeons & Dragons"

The lich is an undead creature found in the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game. Liches are spellcasters who seek to defy death by magical means.

Vampire (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Fictional monster from Dungeons & Dragons

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, a vampire is an undead creature. A humanoid or monstrous humanoid creature can become a vampire, and looks as it did in life, with pale skin, haunting red eyes, and a feral cast to its features. A new vampire is created when another vampire drains the life out of a living creature. Its depiction is related to those in the 1930s and 1940s Hollywood Dracula and monster movies. In writing vampires into the game, as with other creatures arising in folklore, the authors had to consider what elements arising in more recent popular culture should be incorporated into their description and characteristics.

Sigil (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Fictional city in Dungeons & Dragons

Sigil is a fictional city and the center of the Planescape campaign setting for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game.

The half-elf is a player character race featured in Dungeons & Dragons and related material.

Monsters in <i>Dungeons & Dragons</i> Group of fictitious creatures

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, the term monster refers to a variety of creatures, some adapted from folklore and legends and others invented specifically for the game. Included are traditional monsters such as dragons, supernatural creatures such as ghosts, and mundane or fantastic animals. A defining feature of the game, is that monsters are typically obstacles that players must overcome to progress through the game. Beginning with the first edition in 1974, a catalog of game monsters (bestiary) was included along with other game manuals, first called Monsters & Treasure and now called the Monster Manual. As an essential part of Dungeons & Dragons, many of its monsters have become iconic and recognizable even outside D&D, becoming influential in video games, fiction, and popular culture.

Gnome (<i>Dungeons & Dragons</i>) Race in Dungeons & Dragons

In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, gnomes are one of the core races available for play as player characters. Some speculate that they are closely related to dwarves; however, gnomes are smaller and more tolerant of other races, nature, and magic. Depending on the setting and subrace, they are often skilled with illusion magic or engineering. Gnomes are small humanoids, standing 3–3.5 feet (91–107 cm) tall.

References

  1. "Charles Stross Interview". www.sevendead.com/. SevenDead.com. Archived from the original on 2010-02-08. Retrieved January 28, 2008.
  2. Rausch, Allen. -The History of Dungeons & Dragons, Part V, GameSpy.com , August 19, 2004. Retrieved January 28, 2008.
  3. "Frequently Asked Questions". D20srd.org. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  4. Turnbull, Don, ed. Fiend Folio (TSR, 1981)
  5. Greenwood, Ed (November 1981). "Flat taste didn't go away". Dragon (review) (55). TSR: 6–7, 9.
  6. Grubb, Jeff. Manual of the Planes (TSR, 1987)
  7. LaFountain, J. Paul. Monstrous Compendium Outer Planes Appendix. (TSR, 1991)
  8. Stewart, Doug, ed. Monstrous Manual (TSR, 1993)
  9. Varney, Allen, ed. Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix (TSR, 1994)
  10. 1 2 Bonny, Edward. "The Dragon's Bestiary: Lords of Chaos." Dragon #221 (TSR, 1995)
  11. Cook, Monte, Jonathan Tweet, and Skip Williams. Monster Manual (Wizards of the Coast, 2000)
  12. Grubb, Jeff, David Noonan, and Bruce Cordell. Manual of the Planes (Wizards of the Coast, 2001)
  13. Thomasson, Chris. "Killing Cousins." Dragon #306 (Paizo Publishing, 2003)
  14. Cagle, Eric, Jesse Decker, James Jacobs, Erik Mona, Matt Sernett, Chris Thomasson, and James Wyatt. Fiend Folio (Wizards of the Coast, 2003)
  15. Boyd, Eric L, Jeff Crook, and Wil Upchurch. Champions of Ruin (Wizards of the Coast, 2005)
  16. Mearls, Mike, Stephen Schubert, and James Wyatt. Monster Manual (Wizards of the Coast, 2008)
  17. Slavicsek, Bill; Baker, Rich; Mearls, Mike (2008). Dungeons & Dragons 4th Edition For Dummies. For Dummies. ISBN   978-0470292907.
  18. Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford. Monster Manual (Wizards of the Coast, 2014)
  19. Stross, Charles (2007). Halting State . Ace Books. ISBN   978-0-441-01498-9.
  20. Manui, Barbara; Chris Adams (1994). Yamara. Steve Jackson Games. ISBN   1556342926.
  21. Rodriguez, David A.; Reynolds, Dave (2013). Shadowgirls Season 1. Th3rd World Studios. ISBN   978-0983216117.
  22. Burlew, Rich (2008). The Order of the Stick: War and XPs. Giant in the Playground. ISBN   978-0976658054.
  23. Hunter, Kyle (September 1, 2007). Downer – Volume 1: Wandering Monster. Diamond Comic Distributors, Incorporated. ISBN   978-1-60125-022-3.
  24. Hunter, Kyle (February 1, 2008). Downer - Volume 2: Fool's Errand. Diamond Comic Distributors, Incorporated. ISBN   978-1-60125-106-0.
  25. 1 2 Rausch, Allan (August 19, 2004). "Magic & Memories: The Complete History of Dungeons & Dragons - Part V". GameSpy . IGN Entertainment . Retrieved July 27, 2021.
  26. Varney, Allen (1994). Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix. Lake Geneva, WI: TSR, Inc. pp. 88–91. ISBN   1-56076-862-2.
  27. Collins, Andy; Cordell, Bruce (2002). Epic Level Handbook . Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. p. 218. ISBN   0-7869-2658-9.
  28. Collins, Andy; Cordell, Bruce (2002). Epic Level Handbook . Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. p. 219. ISBN   0-7869-2658-9.
  29. Cagle, Eric; Decker, Jesse; Jacobs, James; Mona, Erik; Sernett, Matthew; Thomasson, Chris; Wyatt, James (2003). Fiend Folio . Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. p. 157. ISBN   0-7869-2780-1.
  30. Grubb, Jeff; Noonan, David; Cordell, Bruce (2001). Manual of the Planes . Renton, WA: Wizards of the Coast. p. 96. ISBN   0-7869-1850-0.
  31. Thomasson, Chris (April 2003). "Killing Cousins: Githzerai Hit Squads". Dragon (306). Bellvue, WA: Paizo Publishing, LLC: 52–58.
  32. Greene, Scott; Peterson, Clark (2002). Tome of Horrors. Necromancer Games. p. 328. ISBN   1-58846-112-2.
  33. 1 2 Turnbull, Don, ed. Fiend Folio (TSR, 1981)
  34. "YGORL- Slaad Lord of Entropy". Archived from the original on 2007-03-19. Retrieved 2008-02-02.
  35. "Ygorl". Archived from the original on 1999-11-05.
  36. The Inner Planes ( ISBN   0-7869-0736-3) p. 104
  37. 1 2 Bennie, Scott. Old Empires (TSR, 1990)
  38. Ed Greenwood (November 1981). Kim Mohan (ed.). "Fiend Folio Findings: Flat taste didn't go away". Dragon (55). TSR, Inc.: 6–7, 9–10.
  39. Applecline, Shannon (2014). Designers & Dragons: The '70s. Evil Hat Productions. p. 38.
  40. "Forgotten Realms: Demon Stone Gets Hollywood Talent". games.ign.com. IGN.com. May 24, 2004. Archived from the original on 2007-08-21. Retrieved January 28, 2008.
  41. Ryan Davis, "Review of Forgotten Realms: Demon Stone," GameSpot (December 13, 2004).

Further reading