Strigamia

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Strigamia
Strigamia maritima male.jpg
Strigamia maritima
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Chilopoda
Order: Geophilomorpha
Family: Geophilidae
Subfamily: Linotaeniinae
Genus: Strigamia
Gray, 1843
Synonyms [1]
  • DiplochoraAttems, 1903
  • KoryniaChamberlin, 1941
  • LeptodampiusChamberlin, 1938
  • LinotaeniaC.L Koch, 1847
  • ParaplanesVerhoeff, 1933
  • ScolioplanesBergsoe & Meinert, 1866
  • TomotaeniaCook, 1895

Strigamia is a genus of soil centipedes in the subfamily Linotaeniinae, a clade formerly known as the family Linotaeniidae, [2] but now deemed a subfamily within the family Geophilidae. [3] [1] This genus is among the most widespread genera in the order Geophilomorpha. [4] These centipedes are found in temperate parts of the Holarctic region, [2] including much of North America and Eurasia. [4]

Contents

Description

Species in this genus feature bodies that taper toward both the anterior and posterior ends. The head is about as long as wide. The coxosternite of the first maxillae is entire rather than divided. The forcipular sternite is wider than long and lacks chitin lines. The forcipules (venom-injecting fangs) are relatively short but each feature four distinct articles, with a large denticle at the base of the ultimate article but no denticle on the first article. [4] [5] The sternites feature paired fields of pores. [4] [2] The basal element of the ultimate legs features pores on the ventral side only. These legs are about as long as the penultimate pair, and each leg features six articles and ends in a claw. [4] The ultimate legs are distinctly swollen in the male. [4] [2]

Centipedes in this genus can reach 15 cm in length (in the North American species S. epileptica ) and can have as few as 31 pairs of legs (in the Taiwanese species, S. nana , with 31 to 35 in both sexes, [6] and in the North American species S. hoffmani , with 31 to 35 pairs in males, 35 or 37 in females) or as many as 83 leg pairs (in S. epileptica, with 65 to 69 pairs in males, 71 to 83 in females). [4] Other species with notably few legs include the Siberian species S. sibirica (33 pairs in males, 33 or 35 in females), the Japanese species S. korsosi (33 or 35 in males, 35 or 37 in females), and the Romanian species S. lutea (35 pairs in males, 37 in females). [7] [4] [6] The species S. nana and S. korsosi are notable for their small sizes (no more than 15 mm long) as well as for their modest number of legs. [6]

Taxonomy

The genus name Strigamia was introduced in 1843 by T. Rymer Jones, who gave credit to John Edward Gray as the author of this name. [8] [4] Although some references place this genus in the family Linotaeniidae, [9] [10] authorities deemed Linotaeniidae to be a junior synonym of Geophilidae in 2014 based on a phylogenetic analysis of the order Geophilomorpha using both morphological and molecular data. [11] Authorities now place this genus in the family Geophilidae instead, [12] [5] but within the subfamily Linotaeniinae. [3] [1]

Species

The genus Strigamia contains more than 40 valid species, including the following: [9] [10] [5] [13] [14]

Data sources: i = ITIS, [12] c = Catalogue of Life, [9] g = GBIF, [10] b = Bugguide.net [5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Bonato, L.; Chagas Junior, A.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Lewis, J.G.E.; Minelli, A.; Pereira, L.A.; Shelley, R.M.; Stoev, P.; Zapparoli, M. (2016). "Strigamia Gray, 1843". ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Retrieved 2025-11-23.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Zapparoli, Marzio (2011). "Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Volume 1. Leiden: Brill. pp. 363–443 [430]. ISBN   978-90-04-18826-6. OCLC   812207443.
  3. 1 2 Yu, Yifei; You, Chunxue; Jiang, Chao (2025-10-30). "Taxonomy of the Strigamia centipedes from the East Asian mainland (Geophilomorpha, Geophilidae)". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 101 (4): 2065–2101. doi: 10.3897/zse.101.160146 . ISSN   1860-0743.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Bonato, Lucio; Danyi, Laszlo; Socci, Antonio Augusto; Minelli, Alessandro (2012-12-20). "Species diversity of Strigamia Gray, 1843 (Chilopoda: Linotaeniidae): a preliminary synthesis" . Zootaxa. 3593 (1): 1–39. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3593.1.1. ISSN   1175-5334.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Strigamia Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  6. 1 2 3 Bonato, Lucio; Bortolin, Francesca; Drago, Leandro; Orlando, Marco; Dányi, László (2017). "Evolution of Strigamia centipedes (Chilopoda): a first molecular assessment of phylogeny and divergence times". Zoologica Scripta. 46 (4): 486–495 [493, Appendix S1, pp. 6, 11]. doi:10.1111/zsc.12234. hdl: 11577/3223323 . ISSN   0300-3256.
  7. ↑ Bonato, L.; Chagas Junior, A.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Lewis, J.G.E.; Minelli, A.; Pereira, L.A.; Shelley, R.M.; Stoev, P.; Zapparoli, M. (2016). "Strigamia lutea Matic, 1985". ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  8. ↑ Jones, T.R. (1843). Todd, R.B. (ed.). "Myriapoda". The cyclopaedia of anatomy and physiology. 3: 544–560 [547] – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  9. 1 2 3 "Browse Strigamia". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  10. 1 2 3 "Strigamia". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  11. ↑ Bonato, Lucio; Drago, Leandro; Murienne, Jerome (2014). "Phylogeny of Geophilomorpha (Chilopoda) inferred from new morphological and molecular evidence". Cladistics. The International Journal of the Willi Hennig Society. 30 (5): 485–507. doi: 10.1111/cla.12060 . PMID   34794246. S2CID   86204188.
  12. 1 2 "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System" . Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  13. ↑ "Strigamia Overview". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  14. ↑ Shelley, R.M. "The myriapods, the world's leggiest animals" . Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  15. ↑ "Strigamia acuminata | British Myriapod and Isopod Group". bmig.org.uk.

Further reading

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