Strigamia

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Strigamia
Strigamia maritima male.jpg
Strigamia maritima
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Chilopoda
Order: Geophilomorpha
Family: Linotaeniidae
Genus: Strigamia
Gray, 1843
Synonyms [1] [2] [3]
  • LinotaeniaC.L Koch, 1847
  • ScolioplanesBergsoe & Meinert, 1866
  • ParaplanesVerhoeff, 1933

Strigamia is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Linotaeniidae found in temperate parts of the Holarctic region. [4] Members of this family can be identified by their anteriorly tapering bodies, the extra claw on the forcipules (venom-injecting fangs), [5] scattered coxal pores, and the distinctly swollen ultimate legs of the males. [6] The generic name is from Latin striga, "strip," referring to its strip of bristles. [7]

Contents

Centipedes in this genus can reach 15 cm in length (in the North American species S. epileptica) and can have as few as 31 pairs of legs (in the Taiwanese species, S. nana, with 31 to 35 in both sexes, [8] and in the North American species S. hoffmani, with 31 to 35 pairs in males, 35 or 37 in females) or as many as 83 leg pairs (in S. epileptica, with 65 to 69 pairs in males, 71 to 83 in females). [9] Other species with notably few legs include the Siberian species S. sibirica (33 pairs in males, 33 or 35 in females), the Japanese species S. korsosi (33 or 35 in males, 35 or 37 in females), and the Romanian species S. lutea (35 pairs in males, 37 in females). [10] [9] [8] The species S. nana and S. korsosi are notable for their small sizes (no more than 15 mm long) as well as for their modest number of legs. [8]

Species

There are at least 50 described species in Strigamia, including the following species: [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]

Data sources: i = ITIS, [17] c = Catalogue of Life, [11] g = GBIF, [12] b = Bugguide.net [13]

Related Research Articles

Pachymerium is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae found mainly in the west Palearctic region and in south Africa. Centipedes in this genus feature an elongate head, scattered coxal pores, and sternal pores in a pair of anterior groups and a posterior transverse band; the forcipular coxosternite is broad, and the ultimate article of the forcipule has a prominent basal denticle.

<i>Geophilus</i> Genus of centipedes

Geophilus is a large, heterogeneous genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae largely considered to be synonymous with Brachygeophilus. The generic name first appeared in Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopaedia in 1814 as Geophilus electricus. This genus has a Holarctic distribution.

Linotaeniidae are a monophyletic clade of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae found mostly in the temperate regions of the Holarctic as well as the south Andes. Species in the clade Linotaeniidae are characterized by a body that usually tapers toward the anterior tip; mandibles with a single pectinate lamella; second maxillae with coxo-sternite usually undivided and claws without projections; forcipular segment short, with tergite remarkably wide, forcipules evidently tapering; coxal organs opening through distinct pores on the ventral surface of the coxo-pleura. The number of legs in this clade varies within as well as among species and ranges from as few as 31 pairs of legs to as many as 83 leg pairs. Compared to most families in the suborder Adesmata, this clade features a modest number of leg-bearing segments and limited variation in this number within each species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schendylidae</span> Family of centipedes

Schendylidae is a family of soil centipedes in the superfamily Himantarioidea and the order Geophilomorpha. These centipedes are found in the Americas, the Palearctic region, Africa, Madagascar, Australia, and southeast Asia, and also on some Pacific islands. This family was first proposed by the American biologist Orator F. Cook in 1896.

<i>Tygarrup</i> Genus of Mecistocephalidae centipedes

Tygarrup is a genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, found mainly in southeast Asia and from the Seychelles to Hawaii. Although species in this genus can have either 43 or 45 leg-bearing segments, most of these species have 45 leg pairs. An undescribed Tygarrup species found in the Andaman Islands has 43 leg pairs. Centipedes in this genus are sometimes melanised in patches, and sternal glands are present the males of most species. These centipedes range from 2 cm to 6 cm in length. Tygarrup javanicus is one of the smallest of the mecistocephalid species and has become an invasive in greenhouses in Europe.

Anarrup is a genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, native to Europe and Asia as far as Indonesia. Centipedes in this genus feature a clypeus with areolation and setae limited to a short anterior marginal band; the second maxillae have swollen and densely setose telopodites and a coxosternite divided mid-longitudinally. These centipedes range from 6 cm to 8 cm in length. All species in this genus have 41 leg-bearing segments.

Dignathodontidae is a monophyletic clade of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae found in the Mediterranean region, extending to Macaronesia, Caucasus, and western and central Europe. The clade is characterized by a gradually anteriorly tapered body, a short head with non-attenuated antennae, and a poorly sclerotized labrum with tubercles. The number of legs in this clade varies within as well as among species and ranges from 43 pairs to 153 pairs of legs. Species in this clade tend to have more leg-bearing segments and greater intraspecific variability in this number than generally found in the family Geophilidae.

Gonibregmatidae is a family of soil centipedes belonging to the superfamily Geophiloidea. In 2014, a phylogenetic analysis based on morphological and molecular data found this family to be paraphyletic with respect to the families Neogeophilidae and Eriphantidae, which authorities now deem to be junior synonyms for Gonibregmatidae. This family now includes more than 20 species in at least 10 genera.

Geophilus arenarius is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in Algeria. As part of the carpophagus species-complex, this species is closely related to both G. carpophagus and G. easoni.

Steneurytion is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. This genus was first described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1909. These centipedes are found in Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii.

<i>Ribautia</i> Genus of centipedes

Ribautia is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. This genus was described by French myriapodologist Henry Wilfred Brolemann in 1909. Centipedes in this genus are found in South America, tropical Africa, Madagascar, the Arabian peninsula, Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia.

Mecistocephalus is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head.

Orphnaeus is a genus of centipedes in the family Oryidae. This genus was described by Danish entomologist Frederik Vilhelm August Meinert in 1870. Centipedes in this genus are found in tropical regions.

Schendyla is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Schendylidae. These centipedes are found in the west Palearctic region. This genus was described by Danish entomologists Vilhelm Bergsøe and Frederik Vilhelm August Meinert in 1866. This genus now includes more than 20 species.

Gonibregmatus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Gonibregmatidae. This genus was described by British entomologist George Newport in 1843. These centipedes are found from the Philippines and the Malay archipelago to Fiji.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otostigminae</span> Subfamily of centipedes

Otostigminae is a large subfamily of centipedes, containing nearly half of all species in the family Scolopendridae. Members of this subfamily are abundant and widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mostly in Africa, Asia, and Australia.

Geophilus oligopus is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae. This centipede is found in several European countries, including Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovenia, and Romania. Although this centipede has been described as having an Alpine-Dinaric distribution, this species has also been found in the Carpathian mountains and may be more widespread than previously thought.

Dicellophilus carniolensis is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is well known and found in central Europe. This species features 43 pairs of legs, a number rarely found in the family Mecistocephalidae and recorded in only one other genus in this family: In the genus Tygarrup, an undescribed species found in the Andaman Islands also has 43 leg pairs.

Arctogeophilus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophildae. These centipedes are found in subarctic and temperate regions of Asia, North America, and western Europe. The taxon Arctogeophilus was first proposed in 1909 by the Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems as a subgenus within the genus Geophilus. The French zoologist Henri Ribaut elevated Arctogeophilus to the rank of genus in 1910.

Escaryus is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Schendylidae. These centipedes are notable as schendylids adapted to colder temperatures and restricted to cool climates and high latitudes. With more than 30 species, this genus is easily the largest group of such centipedes in the family Schendylidae. Most schendylids are limited to tropical or subtropical regions.

References

  1. ↑ Crabill, Ralph E. (1953). "The geotypes of Strigamia, Linotaenia, and Scolioplanes". Entomological News. 64 (7): 169–172. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  2. ↑ Chamberlin, Ralph V. (1954). "Notes on the chilopod genera Linotaenia and Tomotaenia with description of a new Korynia". Entomological News. 65 (5): 117–122. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  3. ↑ "Paraplanes Verhoeff, 1933". ChiloBase 2.0. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  4. ↑ Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Zapparoli, Marzio (2011). "Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Volume 1. Leiden: Brill. pp. 363–443 [414]. ISBN   978-90-04-18826-6. OCLC   812207443.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ↑ "Genus Strigamia". BugGuide. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  6. ↑ Minelli, Alessandro (2011). Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Myriapoda, Volume 1. Brill. p. 546. ISBN   978-90-04-15611-1 . Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  7. ↑ Scarborough, John (February 19, 1992). Medical and Biological Terminologies: Classical Origins. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN   9780806130293 – via Google Books.
  8. 1 2 3 Bonato, Lucio; Bortolin, Francesca; Drago, Leandro; Orlando, Marco; Dányi, László (2017). "Evolution of Strigamia centipedes (Chilopoda): a first molecular assessment of phylogeny and divergence times". Zoologica Scripta. 46 (4): 486–495 [493, Appendix S1, pp. 6, 11]. doi:10.1111/zsc.12234. hdl: 11577/3223323 . ISSN   0300-3256.
  9. 1 2 Bonato, Lucio; Danyi, Laszlo; Socci, Antonio Augusto; Minelli, Alessandro (2012-12-20). "Species diversity of Strigamia Gray, 1843 (Chilopoda: Linotaeniidae): a preliminary synthesis". Zootaxa. 3593 (1): 1–39 [8]. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3593.1.1. ISSN   1175-5334.
  10. ↑ Bonato, L.; Chagas Junior, A.; Edgecombe, G.D.; Lewis, J.G.E.; Minelli, A.; Pereira, L.A.; Shelley, R.M.; Stoev, P.; Zapparoli, M. (2016). "Strigamia lutea Matic, 1985". ChiloBase 2.0 - A World Catalogue of Centipedes (Chilopoda). Retrieved 2024-01-30.
  11. 1 2 "Browse Strigamia". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  12. 1 2 "Strigamia". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  13. 1 2 "Strigamia Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  14. ↑ "Strigamia Overview". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  15. ↑ Shelley, R.M. "The myriapods, the world's leggiest animals" . Retrieved 2018-04-09.
  16. ↑ "Strigamia acuminata | British Myriapod and Isopod Group". bmig.org.uk.
  17. ↑ "ITIS, Integrated Taxonomic Information System" . Retrieved 2018-04-09.

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