Related Research Articles
Orokolo is a Trans–New Guinea language spoken in Ihu Rural LLG, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea by about 50,000 people (2010). Alternate names are Bailala, Haira, Kaipi, Kairu-Kaura, Muro, Muru, Vailala, and West Elema. It is spoken in various villages, including Vailala.
The Purari is a river that originates in the south central highlands especially in Kandep District of Enga Province of Papua New Guinea, flowing 630 kilometres (391 mi) though Gulf Province to the Gulf of Papua. The Purari has a 33,670 km2 (13,000 sq mi) drainage basin and is the third largest river in Papua New Guinea. The discharge varies through the year, averaging around 3,000 m3/s (110,000 cu ft/s)–4,000 m3/s (140,000 cu ft/s) at the delta.
The Mairasi languages, also known as Etna Bay are a small independent family of Papuan languages in the classifications of Malcolm Ross and Timothy Usher, that had been part of Stephen Wurm's Trans–New Guinea proposal. They are named after Etna Bay, located in the southeastern corner of West Papua province, in Indonesia.
The Yalë language, also known as Nagatman, is spoken in northwestern Papua New Guinea. It may be related to the Kwomtari languages, but Palmer (2018) classifies it as a language isolate.
Sulka is a language isolate of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. In 1991, there were 2,500 speakers in eastern Pomio District, East New Britain Province. Villages include Guma in East Pomio Rural LLG. With such a low population of speakers, this language is considered to be endangered. Sulka speakers had originally migrated to East New Britain from New Ireland.
Amaimon is a Papuan language spoken by 1,781 people in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Amaimon, Transgogol Rural LLG.
Watiwa is a Rai Coast language of Papua New Guinea.
Kaki Ae, or Tate, is a language with about 500 speakers, half the ethnic population, near Kerema, in Papua New Guinea. It was previously known by the foreign designation Raeta Tati.
Waskia is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken on half of Karkar Island, and a small part of the shore on the mainland, by 20,000 people; language use is vigorous. The Waskia share their island with speakers of Takia, an Oceanic language which has been restructured under the influence of Waskia, which is the inter-community language. Waskia has been documented extensively by Malcolm Ross and is being further researched by Andrew Pick.
Siroi (Suroi) is a Rai Coast language spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea, and a local trade language. It is spoken in Kumisanger village, Astrolabe Bay Rural LLG, Madang Province.
Lilau is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea, closely related to Monumbo. It is spoken in Lilau ward, Almami Rural LLG, Bogia District, Madang Province.
Tairuma, also known as Uaripi after its location, is a Trans–New Guinea language spoken in Uaripi in Central Kerema Rural LLG, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea.
Hoia Hoia (Hoyahoya) is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea. It is close to Minanibai. The two varieties, Ukusi-Koparamio Hoia Hoia and Matakaia Hoia Hoia, are distinct languages, though significantly closer to each other than to other Inland Gulf languages.
Aisi, or Musak, is a Papuan language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
Amako, or Korak, is a Papuan language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Korak, Almami Rural LLG, Madang Province.
Danaru is a Rai Coast language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the single village of Danaru in Usino Rural LLG, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
Sam, or Songum, is a Madang language spoken in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
Mari, or Hop, is a minor Austronesian language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the four villages of Bumbu, Bubirumpun, Musuam, and Sangkiang in Usino Rural LLG of the Ramu valley.
Kotidanga Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea.
Yamben (Yaben) is a Trans–New Guinea language of Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It was first documented by Andrew Pick in the 2010s and classified by Pick (2019) as a probable primary branch of Madang, though its precise classification is still pending further research. Although surrounded by Croisilles languages, Yamben is not one of them.
References
- 1 2 Tainae at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ↑ United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
- ↑ Carlson, Terry. 1991. Tainae grammar essentials. Manuscript. Ukarumpa: SIL-PNG.
