Mission type | Communications |
---|---|
Operator | PT Telkom |
COSPAR ID | 2005-046A |
SATCAT no. | 28902 |
Website | https://www.telkom.co.id/sites |
Mission duration | 15 years (planned) 15 years, 6 months and 19 days (final) |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | Telkom-2 [1] |
Spacecraft type | Star-2 |
Bus | GEOStar-2 |
Manufacturer | Orbital Sciences Corporation |
Launch mass | 1,975 kg (4,354 lb) |
Dry mass | 899 kg (1,982 lb) |
Dimensions | 2.4 m x 3.3 m x 1.9 m Span on orbit: 12.6 m |
Power | 2.918 kW |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 16 November 2005, 23:46:00 UTC [2] |
Rocket | Ariane 5ECA (V167) |
Launch site | Centre Spatial Guyanais, Kourou, ELA-3 |
Contractor | Arianespace |
Entered service | January 2006 |
End of mission | |
Disposal | Graveyard orbit |
Deactivated | 4 June 2021 |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric orbit [3] |
Regime | Geostationary orbit |
Longitude | 118° East 157° East |
Transponders | |
Band | 24 C-band |
Coverage area | Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent |
Telkom-2 was a geosynchronous communications satellite built by Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) for Indonesia's state-owned telecommunications company, PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (PT Telkom). Telkom-2 was successfully launched on 16 November 2005, at 23:46:00 UTC and positioned in geostationary orbit, at 118° East for replaced Palapa-B4.
Based on Orbital's highly successful and flight-proven STAR-2 satellite bus, Telkom-2 featured state-of-the-art communications satellite technology, and 24 C-band transponders. The new spacecraft replaced PT Telkom's on-orbit Palapa-B4 satellite, improved communications coverage across Indonesia, and allowed PT Telkom to expand its coverage area into southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent. Orbital also supplemented Telkom's existing ground station, and offered extensive mission operations support. There were several postponements prior to Telkom-2's launch. Three launch delays happened in November 2005 due to technical problems with the Ariane 5 launch vehicle. Multiple delayed took place between November 2004 and October 2005 due to different problems including technical problems with the satellite. Orbital's contract with PT Telkom included an optional order for another geostationary satellite. Telkom-2 was finally launched on 16 November 2005.
Telkom-2 successfully operated for 15 years. The satellite was retired and placed into a graveyard orbit in June 2021. [4] [5]
Specification of Telkom-2 satellite:
SSL, formerly Space Systems/Loral, LLC (SS/L), of Palo Alto, California, is a wholly owned manufacturing subsidiary of Maxar Technologies.
PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, also simply known as Telkom, is an Indonesian multinational telecommunications conglomerate. Telkom is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange. The government of Indonesia owns over half of Telkom's shares outstanding.
Spacebus is a satellite bus produced at the Cannes Mandelieu Space Center in France by Thales Alenia Space. Spacebuses are typically used for geostationary communications satellites, and seventy-four have been launched since development started in the 1980s. Spacebus was originally produced by Aérospatiale and later passed to Alcatel Alenia Space. In 2006, it was sold to Thales Group as Thales Alenia Space.
Palapa is a series of Communications satellites owned by Indosat, an Indonesian telecommunications company. Starting with the first in July 1976, at which time Indonesia became the first developing country to operate its own domestic satellite system. The estimated cost for the project was US$1 billion.
AMOS-1, then INTELSAT 24, is a commercial communications satellite which was operated by Spacecom as AMOS-1, for Affordable Modular Optimized Satellite and formed part of the AMOS series of satellites. It was the first Israeli civilian communications satellite, and was initially positioned at 4° West longitude in geostationary orbit. Then in September 2011, it was moved to 31° East.
Paksat-1,, was a geosynchronous and communications satellite built and owned by the Boeing Company, leased to the Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) and renamed Paksat-1. It was successfully put on orbit on 1 February 1996 as Palapa-C1 for Indonesia as its original customer. But, after the technical problems, the satellite was leased to SUPARCO at an orbital location of 38° East longitude in December 2002. Paksat-1 offers the C-band and Ku-band coverage in over 75 countries across Europe, Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia. Its customers included government organizations, television broadcasters, telecommunications companies, data and broadband internet service providers.
MNC Vision is an Indonesian subscription-based direct broadcast satellite (DBS) or direct-to-home satellite television and radio service initially in Indonesia. Currently owned by PT MNC Sky Vision Tbk, itself a subsidiary of Media Nusantara Citra, MNC Vision is the oldest subscription-based television service in Indonesia.
Horizons-2 is a Ku band communications satellite owned by Horizons Satellite, a joint venture between SKY Perfect JSAT Group and Intelsat. Its orbital slot is located at 74° west longitude.
The Long March 3B, also known as the CZ-3B and LM-3B, is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle. Introduced in 1996, it is launched from Launch Area 2 and 3 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan. A three-stage rocket with four strap-on liquid rocket boosters, it is currently the second most powerful member of the Long March rocket family after the Long March 5 and the heaviest of the Long March 3 rocket family, and is mainly used to place communications satellites into geosynchronous orbits.
Thor is a family of satellites designed, launched and tested by Hughes Space and Communications for British Satellite Broadcasting (BSB), and were used for Britain's Direct Broadcast Service. Thor is owned by Telenor. Marcopolo 1 launched on 27 August 1989 on the 187th launch of a Delta rocket, and Marcopolo 2 launched on 17 August 1990, on a Delta II rocket. Marcopolo I had the Hughes designation HS376.
JCSAT-110, also known as N-SAT 110, JCSAT-7, Superbird-5 and Superbird-D, is a Japanese geostationary communications satellite which was operated by JSAT Corporation and Space Communications Corporation until both companies merged into SKY Perfect JSAT Group in 2008. It is positioned in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 110° East, from where it is used to provide communications services to Japan.
Palapa-D, also known as Palapa D1, was an Indonesian geostationary communications satellite which was operated by Indosat Ooredoo. It was built by Thales Alenia Space, based on the Spacebus-4000B3 satellite bus, and carries 35 C-band and 5 Ku-band transponders. It was positioned in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 113° East, where it will replace the Palapa-C2 satellite.
Intelsat 23 is a communications satellite run by Intelsat which will provide communications services for the Americas, Western Europe and Africa. It is in a geosynchronous orbit located at 307° east and will replace Intelsat 707. It was built by Orbital Sciences and has a designed life of 15 years.
Telkom-3 is an Indonesian communications satellite which failed to reach its target orbit due to a launch failure on 6 August 2012. It was built by ISS Reshetnev for Indonesian telecommunications provider PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia. It was based on the Ekspress-1000H bus and had 32 C band transponders and 16 Ku-band transponders. It was due to be located in geosynchronous orbit at 118° East above the equator. The satellite reentered the atmosphere and was destroyed on 5 February 2021.
Telkom-3S is an Indonesian geostationary communications satellite built as a replacement of Telkom-3 that was lost due to a launch failure on 6 August 2012. Telkom-3S was successfully launched in 14 February 2017, at 21:39 UTC and commissioned into service on 17 April 2017.
JCSAT-1B, known as JCSAT-5 before launch, is a geostationary communications satellite operated by SKY Perfect JSAT Group (JSAT) which was designed and manufactured by Hughes on the HS-601 satellite bus. It has a pure Ku-band payload and was used to replace JCSAT-1 at the 150° East longitude. It covers Japan, Korea, most of China, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, part of Indonesia, part of Malaysia and Hawaii.
Nusantara Satu is an Indonesian communications satellite. It is a large high-throughput satellite (HTS) providing voice and data communications, and Internet access throughout the Indonesian archipelago and Southeast Asia.
Telkom 4 also known as Merah Putih, is an Indonesian geostationary communication satellite built by Space Systems/Loral that is located at an orbital position of 108° East and is operated by PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk. This satellite is based on the SSL 1300 satellite bus and has a life expectancy of 16 years, this satellite was launched on 7 August 2018, at 01:18 UTC or 12:18 Jakarta Time, using the SpaceX Falcon 9 Block 5 launcher from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, United States.
Telkom-1 is a geosynchronous communications satellite built by Lockheed Martin,, for Indonesia's state-owned telecommunications company, PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk.
Palapa-C2 is an Indonesian communications satellite which reached its target orbit on 16 May 1996. It was built by Hughes Space and Communications Company for Indonesian telecommunications provider PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia (SATELINDO). It was based on the HS-601 satellite bus and had 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku-band transponders. It was due to be located in geosynchronous orbit at 113° East above the equator.