The Boring Company

Last updated

The Boring Company
Company type Private
Industry Construction
FoundedJanuary 11, 2017;7 years ago (2017-01-11)
Founder Elon Musk
Headquarters Bastrop, Texas, United States [1]
Key people
Steve Davis (CEO and President) [2]
Products
OwnerElon Musk
Number of employees
<400 [3]  (April 2022)
Website boringcompany.com

The Boring Company (TBC) is an American infrastructure, tunnel construction service, and equipment company founded by Elon Musk. TBC was founded as a subsidiary of SpaceX in 2017, and was spun off as a separate corporation in 2018. TBC has completed one tunneling project that is open to the public, as well as multiple test tunnels.

Contents

In 2018, TBC completed one tunnel for testing in Los Angeles County, California.

In 2021, TBC completed the Las Vegas Convention Center (LVCC) Loop, a three-station transportation system with 1.7 miles (2.7 km) of tunnels. As of April 2024, a segment to Resorts World Las Vegas is also open, and tunnels to Encore and Westgate resorts are being finalized. The system is planned to expand to a total of 68 miles (109 km) of tunnels in Las Vegas.

Many other TBC projects in cities across the United States have been announced, but subsequently were cancelled or became inactive due to a lack of activity from the company. [4] [5]

History

Elon Musk discusses the Boring Company at TED 2017 Elon Musk at TED 2017.jpeg
Elon Musk discusses the Boring Company at TED 2017

Musk announced the idea of the Boring Company in December 2016, [6] and it was officially registered as "TBC – The Boring Company" on January 11, 2017. [7] Musk cited difficulty with Los Angeles traffic, and what he sees as limitations of its two-dimensional transportation network, as his early inspiration for the project. [8] [9] The Boring Company was formed as a SpaceX subsidiary. [10] According to Musk, the company's goal is to enhance tunneling speed enough such that establishing a tunnel network is financially feasible. [11] [12]

Elon Musk speaking at the inauguration of the test tunnel in Hawthorne, California, December 2018 Elon Musk Accelerates the Boring (45716125474).jpg
Elon Musk speaking at the inauguration of the test tunnel in Hawthorne, California, December 2018

In early 2018, the Boring Company was spun out from SpaceX and into a separate corporate entity. [13] Somewhat less than 10% of equity was given to early employees, and over 90% to Elon Musk. Early employees came from a variety of different backgrounds, including those from SpaceX. The company began designing its own tunnel boring machines, and completed several tests in Hawthorne, California. The Hawthorne test tunnel opened to the public on December 18, 2018. [14]

After raising US$113 million from Musk and flamethrower sales during 2018, [15] the Boring Company sold $120 million in stock to venture capital firms in July 2019. [16] By November 2019, Steve Davis had become company president after leading efforts for Musk since 2016. Davis was one of the earliest hires at SpaceX (in 2003) and has twin master's degrees in particle physics and aerospace engineering, as well as degrees in finance and mechanical engineering. [17] [18] In November 2020, TBC announced hiring for positions in Austin, Texas, and by December 2020 had leased two buildings in a 14-acre (5.7 ha) industrial complex northeast of Austin, approximately 16 miles (26 km) north of Texas Gigafactory. [19]

On April 20, 2022, the company announced an additional $675 million Series C funding round, valuing the company at approximately $5.675 billion. [4] The round was led by Vy Capital and Sequoia Capital, [4] with participation from Valor Equity Partners, Founders Fund, 8VC, Craft Ventures, and DFJ Growth. In 2022, the company was cited by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality for five violations of Texas environmental regulations. [20]

Sometime before April 2023, the company moved their headquarters and engineering facilities to Bastrop, Texas, [1] approximately 25 miles (40 km) east of Texas Gigafactory.

Tunnels connecting different parts of the Las Vegas Convention Center are open, and a tunnel to Resorts World began operating in July 2023. [21] Due to operational expenses, it is probable that the Boring Company is subsidizing the Loop to keep customer prices low. A day pass from Resorts World costs $5, while the LVCVA is paying the Boring Company an additional $4.5 million annually, which equates to $7.50 per ride. [22] In February 2024, OSHA found several safety violations in the Boring Company, including 8 serious violations and allegations that workers have faced chemical burns from sludge while working in the tunnels. [23] The company challenged the ruling; however, an article by Fortune revealed details about the construction of the Las Vegas tunnel, citing numerous employee accounts that described the working conditions as "almost unbearable." [24]

In April 2024, the Boring Company was named among the "Dirty Dozen", the worst workplace safety offenders in the USA, by the National Council of Occupational Safety and Health. [25]

Machines

The boring machine in June 2019 The new TBM at The Boring Company (48108809063).jpg
The boring machine in June 2019

The first boring machine used by TBC was Godot, a conventional tunnel boring machine (TBM) made by Lovat. [26] [27] TBC then designed their own line of machines called Prufrock. [28] Prufrock 1 was unveiled in 2020, and was used mostly for testing. Engadget reported that the Prufrock 2, which was unveiled in August 2022, [29] could dig up to a mile per week. Prufrock 3 was planned to dig up to seven miles per day, although this was not achieved. [30] Instead in 2024, P3 was able to tunnel 40-46 m/day. [31]

In May 2024, Prufrock 4 was nearly complete. In August, it began testing. [32] Prufrock 5 was in the design stage. [33] Prufrock 4 is 308 feet long. It weighs 797,000 lb (362 t). It produces up to 4.7 million pounds of thrust. The goal is to triple tunneling speed and improve cooling systems. [32]

Process

TBC claims to be redesigning the entire tunnel boring process to reduce cost, accelerate tunnel completion, improve safety, and reduce site impacts. Innovations include: [33]

Porpoising

Replace tunnel entry and exit excavations by having the TBM "porpoise" in and out of the ground. The TBM is trucked in and placed at an angle to the ground. (Prufrock 2 and 3 required an earthen ramp to set it at the correct angle before beginning to tunnel). It then bores into the ground. It changes angles as it continues boring, eventually returning to the surface and being loaded onto the truck. [33] [34]

In conventional systems, one large excavation is made at the tunnel entrance to allow the TBM to be lowered to the tunnel depth and assembled. A similar excavation is made at the tunnel exit to allow the TBM to be disassembled and lifted out. [33] [34]

Liner truck

TBC moves tunnel lining segments into the tunnel via an all-electric autonomous, wheeled liner truck powered by motors and batteries from Tesla. Conventional systems typically use a diesel rail system, which must be constructed along with the tunnel lining. [33] [35]

Continuous tunneling

TBC is working to install ring liners without stopping tunneling. [33] Conventional systems stop every five feet or so to install another segment of the tunnel lining, and to extend the rail line. The goal is to increase tunneling time/day from 11 hours to 24 hours. [31]

Tunnels

Hawthorne test tunnel

Tunnel built in Hawthorne, December 2018 Reinventing Boring (44544295190).jpg
Tunnel built in Hawthorne, December 2018

TBC built a 1.14-mile (1.83 km) high-speed tunnel in 2017 on a route in Hawthorne, California, at the SpaceX headquarters and manufacturing facility. [36] The tunnel roadway has an asphalt surface, a guide-way for autonomous vehicle operation, and supports car trips at speeds of 90 mph (140 km/h) with autonomous control and up to 116 mph (187 km/h) under human control. [37]

Las Vegas Convention Center (LVCC)

Las Vegas Convention Center (LVCC) Loop System
Las Vegas Convention Center Loop.jpeg
Overview
Locale Winchester, Nevada
United States
Transit typeDedicated taxi route
Number of lines1
Number of stations5
Operation
Began operation2021
Rolling stock Tesla Model 3,
Tesla Model X
Technical
System length1.7 mi (2.7 km)

Convention Center

In May 2019, the company won a $48.7 million project to shuttle visitors in a loop underneath the LVCC. [38] Boring of the first tunnel, 4,475 feet (1,364 m) long, began on November 15, 2019, and finished on February 14, 2020, excavating an average of 49 feet (15 m) per day. [39] [40] In May 2020, the boring of the second tunnel was completed, [41] for a total of 1.7 miles (2.7 km) of tunnels. [42] The tunnel opened in October 2021. [43] Standard Tesla vehicles with human drivers are used as shuttles, traveling at about 35 miles per hour (56 km/h). [44] The service was described by Las Vegas Tourism as "an important step in the development of a game-changing transportation solution in Las Vegas." [45]

Testing with volunteers in late May 2021 showed that the system could transport 4,400 passengers per hour. [46] The system started transporting convention attendees on June 8, 2021. [47] Designed to solve traffic congestion, the tunnel was intended to provide trips of less than two minutes, [48] but has faced a number of traffic jams during busy events in 2021 and 2022. [43] [49] [50] [51]

Private tunnels to convention center

The tunnel to Resorts World Las Vegas opened in July 2022. [52] [53] As of April 2024, Las Vegas strip hotel Encore has a private tunnel underway to allow direct access from the hotel to LVCC. [54]

Vegas Loop

In October 2021, Clark County Commissioners approved a 50-year franchise agreement for a 52-stop, mostly-underground system, a "16-mile (26 km) dual loop system...operating mainly in the Resort Corridor with stations at various resorts and connections to Allegiant Stadium, Brightline West Las Vegas Station, and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas." [55] TBC planned to build five to ten stations during the first year, and then add approximately 16 stations per year thereafter. [55] TBC would be responsible for funding the tunnel, while station costs would be funded by the resort properties and landowners. [56]

In May 2023, TBC was given permission to build the Vegas Loop underground transportation system to 69 stations for a tunnel network of 65 miles (105 km). [57] [58] [59] It would include the existing LVCC Loop and extensions to casinos along the Strip, Harry Reid International Airport, Allegiant Stadium, downtown Las Vegas, and eventually to Los Angeles. TBC claims that once complete, the Vegas Loop would be able to transport more than 90,000 passengers per hour. [60] In March 2024, the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority board of directors voted to extend the existing tunnel, and vowed to address concerns that rose over Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) violations by TBC, which had resulted in a $100,000 fine. [61] [62]

Projects under discussion

Inquiries and discussions have been held with Boring Company for various projects.

In February 2021, Miami mayor Francis Suarez revealed that Musk had proposed to dig a two-mile tunnel under the Miami River for $30 million, within a six-month timescale, compared with $1 billion over four years estimated by the local transit authority. Much of the savings would be achieved by simplifying ventilation systems and allowing only electric vehicles. [63] As of November 2023, the city is waiting for the Miami Dade Transportation Planning Organization to complete an analysis of the project. [64]

In July 2021, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, accepted a proposal from the Boring Company for a tunnel between downtown and the beach, to be dubbed the "Las Olas Loop." [65] In August 2021, the city was beginning final negotiations with TBC, [66] and Mayor Dean Trantalis estimated the total cost of the 5-mile (8.0 km) round-trip tunnel would be between $90 and $100 million, including stations. [67] As of December 2022, the city suspended efforts to continue the project. [64]

In August 2021, a preliminary concept discussion was held with officials of Cameron County on the potential construction of a tunnel from South Padre Island to Boca Chica Beach in South Texas. If built, the tunnel would be required to pass beneath the Brownsville Ship Channel. [68] It would allow SpaceX's Boca Chica facility to remain accessible if Highway 4, its sole access road was closed. [69]

Inactive and cancelled projects

United States

Australia

In January 2019, Musk responded to an Australian member of parliament regarding a tunnel through the Blue Mountains to the west of Sydney, suggesting costs of $750 million for a 31-mile (50 km) tunnel, plus $50 million per station. [87] [88]

Promotional merchandise

In 2018, the company began offering 20,000 "flamethrowers" for preordering. [89] The "flamethrower" was a blow torch shaped to look like a gun and is legal in all U.S. states except Maryland. [90] All 20,000 "flamethrowers" were sold in just a few days. [91] After customs officials said that they would not allow imports of any items called "flamethrowers," Musk announced that he would rename them to "Not-A-Flamethrower" since the devices were in fact akin to roofing torches. Musk announced separate sales of a fire extinguisher, which he described as "overpriced... but this one comes with a cool sticker." [92]

Not-a-Boring Competition student contests

In 2020, TBC released rules for a student tunnel-boring competition. The first competition was held in Las Vegas in September 2021. [93] Officially named the Not-a-Boring Competition, the challenge was to "quickly and accurately drill a tunnel that was 30 m (98 ft)-long and 30 cm (0.98 ft)-wide." [93]

Applications were received from 400 potential participants. A technical design review left 12 teams that were invited to Las Vegas to demonstrate their engineering solution in a September 2021 competition. The winning team was TUM Boring from Technical University of Munich who managed to excavate a 22 m (72 ft) bore while meeting the requisite safety requirements. TUM Boring used a conventional pipe jacking method to build the tunnel, but employed a novel revolving pipe storage design to minimize downtime between pipe segments. [93]

A second competition was held in April 2023. New contest criteria required a 30 m (98 ft)-long 500 mm (20 in)-diameter, this time with a turn radius. Five teams from four countries—the United States, Germany, United Kingdom, and Switzerland—made the finals and journeyed to Texas to compete. TUM Boring again won with a design that reached a maximum velocity of 7 mm/s (0.28 in/s). [1] Swissloop Tunneling finished second overall and won the innovation award. [94]

Criticism

Civil engineering experts and tunneling industry veterans questioned whether TBC could render tunnels faster and cheaper than competitors. Tunnelling Journal dismissed the company as a "vanity project." [95]

Musk's planned tunnels were criticized for lacking such safety features as emergency exit corridors, ventilation systems, or fire suppression. In addition, the single lane tunnels left it impossible for vehicles to pass one another in the event of collision, mechanical failure, or other traffic obstruction, and instead would shut down the entire tunnel section. [96] [97] The low capacity of TBC tunnels make them inefficient when compared to existing public transit solutions, with only a fraction of the capacity of a conventional rapid-transit subway. [98] [99] [100] [101]

James Moore, director of transportation engineering at the University of Southern California, said that "there are cheaper ways to provide better transportation for large numbers of people," such as managing traffic with tolls. [101] Public transit consultant Jarrett Walker called TBC "wildly hyped," and criticized how the company "dazzled city governments and investors with visions of an efficient subway where you never have to get out of your car, [but turned] out to be a paved road tunnel." [100] [102]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ontario International Airport</span> Airport in Ontario, California, United States

Ontario International Airport is an international airport 2 mi (3.2 km) east of downtown Ontario, in San Bernardino County, California, United States, about 38 mi (61 km) east of downtown Los Angeles and 18 mi (29 km) west of downtown San Bernardino. It is owned and operated under a joint-powers agreement with the city of Ontario and San Bernardino County.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SpaceX</span> American aerospace company

Space Exploration Technologies Corp., commonly referred to as SpaceX, is an American space technology company headquartered at the Starbase development site near Brownsville, Texas. Since its founding in 2002, the company has made numerous advancements in rocket propulsion, reusable launch vehicle, human spaceflight and satellite constellation technology. As of 2024, SpaceX is the world's dominant space launch provider, its launch cadence eclipsing all others, including private competitors and national programs like the Chinese space program. SpaceX, NASA, and the United States Armed Forces work closely together by means of governmental contracts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elon Musk</span> South African-born businessman (born 1971)

Elon Reeve Musk is a businessman known for his key roles in the space company SpaceX and the automotive company Tesla, Inc. He is also known for his ownership of X Corp., and his role in the founding of the Boring Company, xAI, Neuralink, and OpenAI. Musk is the wealthiest individual in the world; as of January 2025, Forbes estimates his net worth to be US$421 billion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Las Vegas Convention Center</span> Convention center in Nevada

The Las Vegas Convention Center is a convention center in Winchester, Nevada. It is owned and operated by the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tesla, Inc.</span> American electric vehicle and clean energy company

Tesla, Inc. is an American multinational automotive and clean energy company. Headquartered in Austin, Texas, it designs, manufactures and sells battery electric vehicles (BEVs), stationary battery energy storage devices from home to grid-scale, solar panels and solar shingles, and related products and services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyperloop</span> Proposed mode of passenger and freight transportation

Hyperloop is a proposed high-speed transportation system for both passengers and freight. The concept behind the Hyperloop originated in the late 17th century with the invention of the world's first artificial vacuum, which led to designs for underground rapid transit systems powered by pneumatics in the decades that followed. In 1799, inventor George Medhurst proposed the idea to move goods through cast-iron pipes using air pressure and In 1844 built a railway station in London that relied on pneumatics until 1847. In 2013, entrepreneur Elon Musk published a white paper, where the hyperloop was described as a transportation system using capsules supported by an air-bearing surface within a low-pressure tube. Hyperloop systems have three essential elements: tubes, pods, and terminals. The tube is a large, sealed low-pressure system. The pod is a coach at atmospheric pressure that experiences low air resistance or friction inside the tube using magnetic propulsion. The terminal handles pod arrivals and departures. The hyperloop, in the form proposed by Musk, differs from traditional vactrains by relying on residual air pressure inside the tube to provide lift from aerofoils and propulsion by fans; however, many subsequent variants using the name "hyperloop" have remained relatively close to the core principles of vactrains.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SpaceX Mars colonization program</span> Proposed human Mars program by SpaceX

SpaceX Mars colonization program is a planned objective of the company SpaceX and particularly of its founder Elon Musk to colonize Mars. The main element of this ambition is the plan to establish a self-sustained large scale settlement and colony on Mars, claiming self-determination under direct democracy. The main motivation behind this is the belief that the colonization of Mars allows humanity to become multiplanetary and therefore secures the long-term survival of the human species in case of Earth being rid of human life.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyperloop One</span> American transportation technology company

Hyperloop One, known as Virgin Hyperloop until November 2022, was an American transportation technology company that worked to commercialize high-speed travel utilizing the Hyperloop concept which was a variant of the vacuum train. The company was established on June 1, 2014, and reorganized and renamed on October 12, 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Redcliffe railway station</span> Railway station in Perth, Western Australia

Redcliffe railway station is a station for underground commuter rail services in Redcliffe, east of Perth, Western Australia. The station is one of three stations that were built as part of the Forrestfield–Airport Link project and is served by Transperth's Airport line services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyperloop pod competition</span> Annual competition sponsored by SpaceX from 2015–2019

The Hyperloop Pod Competition was an annual competition sponsored by SpaceX from 2015 to 2019 in which a number of student and non-student teams participated to design—and for some teams, build—a subscale prototype transport vehicle in order to demonstrate technical feasibility of various aspects of the Hyperloop concept. The competitions were open to participants globally, although all competitions and judging occurred in the United States of America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Neuralink</span> American neurotechnology company

Neuralink Corp. is an American neurotechnology company that has developed, as of 2024, implantable brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). It was founded by Elon Musk and a team of eight scientists and engineers. Neuralink was launched in 2016 and was first publicly reported in March 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Bernardino County Transportation Authority</span> Planning and operating agency in California

The San Bernardino County Transportation Authority (SBCTA) is the successor to San Bernardino Associated Governments (SANBAG). They are responsible for administering the Measure I half-cent tax which voters in San Bernardino County, California, passed most recently in 2004. The SBCTA conducts transportation planning, construction, and operation in San Bernardino County. The SBCTA is a joint powers authority comprising the entire county and its cities. Every city and county supervisor is provided one seat on the board, and it also includes a nonvoting member from the California Department of Transportation's (Caltrans) District 8.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Car elevator</span> Elevator designed for the vertical transportation of vehicles

A car elevator or vehicle elevator is an elevator designed for the vertical transportation of vehicles inside buildings, so increasing the number of vehicles that can be parked in parking lots and parking garages. Where real estate is costly, these car parking systems can reduce overall costs by using less land to park the same number of cars.

The Chicago Express Loop was a proposed privately funded urban rail transit rapid transit system that will use underground high-speed rail to connect the Chicago Loop to O'Hare International Airport from Block 37. The line was to be constructed by Elon Musk's The Boring Company and use 16-passenger self-driving vehicles built on Tesla chassis. The proposed vehicles would move through tunnels at speeds as high as 150 miles per hour on a concrete track and complete the journey in 12 minutes, which is 3 to 4 times faster than existing alternatives such as the Chicago Transit Authority Blue Line. The proposed vehicles were referred to as skates and are based on the Tesla Model X. The vehicles would cover an 18-mile (29 km) track with eight guiding wheels, including four traditional grounded wheels and four additional side wheels. It was claimed the Boring Company would pay the costs for the construction of the system in exchange for the rights to the future transit fees as well as advertisement, branding and in-vehicle sales revenues. Chicago Express Loop is the official name of the plan. The vehicles will depart as often as every 30 seconds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boring test tunnel</span> Tunnel for testing Loop-based transportation

The R&D Tunnel, also called the Hawthorne test tunnel or Boring test tunnel, is a 1.14 miles (1.83 km) tunnel in Hawthorne, California, for testing hyperloop and "loop-based transportation". It was completed by The Boring Company in late 2018. The single-bore tunnel was constructed during 2017 and 2018 using a 14-foot (4.2 m) diameter tunnel boring machine, giving a finished 12-foot (3.8 m) internal diameter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tesla Cybertruck</span> Electric pickup truck

The Tesla Cybertruck is a battery electric pickup truck built by Tesla, Inc. since 2023. Introduced as a concept vehicle in November 2019, it has an unusual body design reminiscent of low-polygon modelling, consisting of flat stainless steel sheet panels.

Escobar Inc is a company registered in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, tied to various scams involving selling smartphones and flamethrowers with Escobar Inc branding without delivering the products to customers. It was established on April 20, 2015. The company is known for its association with Roberto de Jesús Escobar Gaviria, the brother of Pablo Escobar, and various scams.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Regulation of flamethrowers in the United States</span>

In the United States, flamethrowers are broadly legal for personal ownership and use. California requires a permit for the possession of a flamethrower, and only Maryland has outright banned their ownership and use. No federal laws exist regarding flamethrowers, as they are not defined as weapons under the National Firearms Act. The United States is a signatory of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons, protocol III of which limits military use of flamethrowers; this does not extend to civilian use.

Jared John Birchall is an American business executive and a former banker. He is the chief executive officer of neurotechnology company Neuralink and the wealth manager of billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk since 2016. As Musk's adviser, right-hand man, and fixer, Birchall holds executive or administrative positions in other endeavors of his including the Boring Company, Musk Foundation, xAI, and managing his family office.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Las Vegas Convention Center Loop</span> Underground public transit system in Nevada

The Las Vegas Convention Center Loop is an underground transportation system that serves the Las Vegas Convention Center. Operating since 2021, the system uses Tesla Model 3 cars to shuttle passengers among five stations. The Boring Company began construction in November 2019, and has since continued intermittent tunnel drilling for planned stations.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Technical University of Munich team secures second tunnelling win in Elon Musk's Not-a-Boring-Competition". New Civil Engineer. April 3, 2023. Retrieved June 19, 2023.
  2. ↑ Holmes, Aaron; Tabahriti, Sam (December 24, 2022). "The CEO of Elon Musk's Boring Company who reportedly slept at Twitter HQ with his wife and baby once owned a bar called 'Thomas Foolery'". Business Insider .
  3. ↑ "[Exclusive] Elon Musk: A future worth getting excited about – TED – Tesla Gigafactory interview". Youtube. TED. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 Ted Mann; Julie Bykowicz (November 28, 2022). "Elon Musk's Boring Company Ghosts Cities Across America". The Wall Street Journal . ISSN   0099-9660. Wikidata   Q115488224 . Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  5. ↑ "The Boring Company". The Boring Company. Retrieved August 21, 2024.
  6. ↑ Gajanan, Mahita (December 18, 2016). "Elon Musk's Next Venture to Tackle Traffic Is Totally 'Boring'". Fortune. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
  7. ↑ "TBC – THE BORING COMPANY". OpenCorporates . January 11, 2017. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  8. ↑ Chafkin, Max (February 16, 2017). "Elon Musk Is Really Boring". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
  9. ↑ Peyser, Eve (January 30, 2017). "Elon Musk on Digging Big-Ass Tunnel: 'We Have No Idea What We're Doing'". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
  10. ↑ Agenda Item No. 9, City of Hawthorne City Council, Agenda Bill Archived February 24, 2021, at the Wayback Machine , 11 September 2018, Planning & Community Development Department, City of Hawthorne. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
  11. ↑ Thompson, Avery (February 16, 2017). "Elon Musk Is Really Making a Boring Company". Popular Mechanics. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
  12. ↑ Heathman, Amelia. "Elon Musk's boring machine has already built a 'test trench' in Hawthorne, CA". Wired. UK. Archived from the original on July 18, 2017. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
  13. ↑ Copeland, Rob (December 17, 2018). "Elon Musk's New Boring Co. Faced Questions Over SpaceX Financial Ties". The Wall Street Journal . Archived from the original on December 18, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2018. When the Boring Co. was earlier this year spun into its own firm, more than 90% of the equity went to Mr. Musk and the rest to early employees, ... The Boring Co. has since given some equity to SpaceX as compensation for the help, ... about 6% of Boring stock, "based on the value of land, time and other resources contributed since creation of the company."
  14. ↑ Lekach, Sasha (December 7, 2018). "In true Musk fashion, Boring Company test tunnel opening pushed back a week". Mashable. Archived from the original on December 14, 2018. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
  15. ↑ "Elon Musk's Boring Co. Raises $120 Million in First Outside Investment". Bloomberg.com. July 25, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
  16. ↑ Khalid, Amrita (June 26, 2019). "Elon Musk's Boring Co. raises $120 million in outside funding". Engadget. Archived from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
  17. ↑ McBride, Sarah (November 15, 2019). "Elon Musk's Boring Co. Is Run by a Former Bar Owner Who Can Quote Ayn Rand". Bloomberg News . Archived from the original on December 10, 2019. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
  18. ↑ Vance, Ashlee (2017) [2015]. Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future (2nd ed.). New York: Ecco. ISBN   978-0-06-230125-3.
  19. ↑ Hardison, Kathryn (December 15, 2020). "Elon Musk's The Boring Co. grabs industrial space in Pflugerville, documents show". Austin Business Journal. Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  20. ↑ Girtman, Taylor (April 5, 2023). "Boring Company cited for 3 more TCEQ violations at Bastrop facility". KXAN Austin . Retrieved March 27, 2024.
  21. ↑ "Boring Company Vegas Loop station opens at Resorts World". Fox 5 Las Vegas. July 12, 2022. Retrieved June 30, 2023.
  22. ↑ "There's trouble below at Elon Musk's Boring Co". Fortune . November 20, 2023. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  23. ↑ Lane, Tiffany (February 28, 2024). "Nevada OSHA finds multiple safety violations at Elon Musk's Boring Company tunnel worksite". news3lv.com. Sinclair. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  24. ↑ "'We have consistently flirted with death': Elon Musk wanted the Boring Co. to build a tunnel system below Las Vegas. Former employees say they feared for their lives while working there". Fortune . February 27, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  25. ↑ Gentry, Dana (April 30, 2024). "Musk's Boring Company makes list of 'Dirty Dozen' workplace safety offenders". Nevada Current. Retrieved June 13, 2024.
  26. ↑ Wattles, Jackie (July 8, 2017). "All the quirky details you need to know about Elon Musk's Boring company". CNN Money. Archived from the original on March 22, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
  27. ↑ Loveday, Steven (August 13, 2017). "Yet Another Boring Backstory". Inside EVs. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  28. ↑ Marshall, Aarian (June 14, 2018). "Elon Musk's Boring Company Wins a Big Boring Contract in Chicago". Wired. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  29. ↑ Calin, Razvan (October 22, 2022). "Elon Musk's Prufrock Makes Boring Exciting With Porpoise-Style, Purpose-Driven Drills". autoevolution. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  30. ↑ Dent, Steve (April 21, 2022). "Elon Musk's Boring Company plans to 'significantly' expand after funding round". Engadget. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  31. 1 2 Wang, Brian (August 15, 2024). "Boring Company Path to Continuous Tunneling | NextBigFuture.com" . Retrieved August 19, 2024.
  32. 1 2 The Boring Company (August 11, 2024). "Prufrock 4".
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tegtmayer, Joe. Boring Company Tour Part 2 ... Giga Texas Plans, TBM Design & Iteration, New Boring Machines & More! . Retrieved May 13, 2024– via www.youtube.com.
  34. 1 2 Karen, Ashley (May 21, 2023). "Six Ways Tunnel Boring Machines are Evolving". Tunneling World. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  35. ↑ "Boring Company Speeds Up Tunneling. Vegas Loop Tunnels Could Finish in 2025 | NextBigFuture.com". March 6, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  36. ↑ Geuss, Megan (December 19, 2018). "Ars takes a first tour of the length of The Boring Company's test tunnel". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on March 28, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.
  37. ↑ Watch Tesla Model 3 go through Elon Musk's Boring Company now paved tunnel at 116 mph Archived June 22, 2019, at the Wayback Machine , 21 June 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  38. ↑ Bliss, Laura (May 29, 2019). "Elon Musk's $49 Million Las Vegas Loop Makes Perfect Sense – for Las Vegas". Bloomberg. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  39. ↑ "Boring Company's Las Vegas Tunnel Excavation Has Finally Been Completed". interestingengineering.com. February 17, 2020. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  40. ↑ Velotta, Richard N. (February 14, 2020). "1st tunnel completed for Las Vegas Convention Center's people-mover". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  41. ↑ O'Kane, Sean (May 14, 2020). "Elon Musk's Boring Company finishes digging Las Vegas tunnels". The Verge. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  42. ↑ Reilly, Claire. "Elon Musk's Boring Loop transports first passengers in Vegas". CNET. Archived from the original on June 9, 2021. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  43. 1 2 Cao, Sissi (June 10, 2021). "Elon Musk's Vegas Boring Tunnel Is a Disappointment, But Cities Are Eager to Have It". Observer. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  44. ↑ Vaughn, Mark (April 12, 2021). "Elon Musk's Boring Company Completes First Mile-Long Vegas Tunnel". Autoweek. Archived from the original on April 13, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  45. ↑ Hahn, Jennifer (July 1, 2022). "Elon Musk's The Boring Company opens first station in expanded Las Vegas transit tunnel system". Dezeen. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  46. ↑ Wang, Brian (May 29, 2021). "Vegas Boring Loop Surpasses 4400 Passengers Per Hour Target in Testing". NextBigFuture.com. Retrieved August 8, 2023.
  47. ↑ Velotta, Richard N. (June 8, 2021). "Boring Co.'s underground loop begins moving customers in Las Vegas". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Archived from the original on June 8, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
  48. ↑ "Elon Musk firm proposing 'Vegas Loop' tunnel people mover". AP News. October 14, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  49. ↑ "Elon Musk's The Boring Company opens first station in expanded Las Vegas transit tunnel system". Dezeen. July 1, 2022. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  50. ↑ Cole, Samantha (January 7, 2022). "Traffic Jams Are Possible in Elon Musk's Tunnels, Apparently". Vice. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  51. ↑ Kilander, Gustaf (January 7, 2022). "Elon Musk's 'Vegas Loop' called a 'death trap' as traffic piles up". The Independent. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  52. ↑ Lilly, Caitlin (June 9, 2020). "Resorts World, Wynn Las Vegas submit plans for passenger stations for Boring Company's underground people mover". Fox 5 Las Vegas. Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  53. ↑ Akers, Mick (June 9, 2020). "Underground people mover ready to expand to Strip resorts". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  54. ↑ Akers, Mick (April 15, 2024). "Vegas Loop begins boring operations for station near UNLV". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved May 15, 2024.
  55. 1 2 Akers, Mick (October 20, 2021). "Underground travel in Strip, stadium areas moves closer to reality". Las Vegas Review-Journal . Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  56. ↑ Underground people mover could link to Allegiant Stadium next year Archived June 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine , Las Vegas Review-Journal, 10 June 2021
  57. ↑ "Expanded Vegas Loop plans advance with commission approval". Las Vegas Sun . June 13, 2023.
  58. ↑ "Vegas Loop expansion: County approves plan to build 69 underground stations". Interesting Engineering. May 5, 2023.
  59. ↑ "Elon Musk's The Boring Company seeks to double the size of its Vegas Loop". TechCrunch. March 21, 2023.
  60. ↑ Bellan, Rebecca (May 3, 2023). "Musk's The Boring Company to expand Vegas Loop to 18 new stations". TechCrunch. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  61. ↑ Nomura, Andrew (March 12, 2024). "Elon Musk's Vegas Loop extension greenlit despite OSHA fines and worker concerns". KSNV. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  62. ↑ "The CEO of the Las Vegas agency behind Boring Company's first tunnel system says his team will be 'more involved' after safety incidents". Fortune. March 12, 2024. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  63. ↑ Wile, Rob; Flechas, Joey (February 5, 2021). "Elon Musk tells Suarez he's interested in a tunnel for electric vehicles under Brickell Ave. Bridge". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  64. 1 2 Portero, Ashley (November 2, 2023). "What happened to the Boring Company tunnels pitched for South Florida?". South Florida Business Journal. Retrieved July 9, 2024.
  65. ↑ McFarland, Matt (July 7, 2021). "Fort Lauderdale accepts proposal for Elon Musk's Tesla beach tunnel". CNN. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 9, 2021.
  66. ↑ "Elon Musk's Boring Co. Nears Deal to Build Tunnel in Florida". Bloomberg.com. August 31, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  67. ↑ "Fort Lauderdale's Mayor On The Tesla Tunnel That Could Be Coming To The City". WLRN. August 23, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  68. ↑ Clark, Steve (August 22, 2021). "SPI-to-Boca Chica tunnel? Musk's Boring Company floats idea". RGV News. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
  69. ↑ Davila, Gaige (August 29, 2021). "Tunnel from Isla Blanca to Boca Chica proposed by Musk-owned company". Port Isabel-South Padre Press. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
  70. ↑ Wong, Julia Carrie; Levin, Sam (July 20, 2017). "Elon Musk: I got 'government approval' for New York-DC Hyperloop. Officials: no he didn't". The Guardian. Archived from the original on April 18, 2019. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
  71. ↑ LeBeau, Phil (April 18, 2019). "Musk's Boring Company pushes aggressive Baltimore-to-D.C. tunnel plan despite skeptics". CNBC. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  72. ↑ Muoio, Danielle. "Maryland's Governor said to 'get ready' for Elon Musk's Hyperloop that will connect Baltimore and Washington D.C." Business Insider. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  73. ↑ Snyder, Tanya (April 17, 2019). "Elon Musk's D.C.-to-Baltimore 'loop' leaps an early milestone". Politico. Retrieved September 5, 2023.
  74. ↑ Duncan, Ian. "Elon Musk's Boring Company removes D.C.-Baltimore tunnel from list of projects on website". The Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 23, 2021. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  75. ↑ "O'Hare Express competition down to two – and Elon Musk is one of them". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
  76. ↑ "Elon Musk's Boring Co. Wins Chicago Airport High-Speed Train Bid". Bloomberg News . June 14, 2018. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  77. ↑ Geuss, Megan (June 14, 2018). "Chicago selects Elon Musk's Boring Company to build express line from O'Hare". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
  78. 1 2 Farivar, Cyrus (June 8, 2021). "Fort Lauderdale officials say Elon Musk's new tunnel to the beach can't come fast enough". NBC News . Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  79. ↑ Elon Musk, Steve Davis. The Boring Company Information Session (video). Leo Baeck Temple, Los Angeles, California: The Boring Company. Archived from the original on May 20, 2018. Retrieved May 20, 2018– via YouTube.
  80. ↑ "Elon Musk's Boring Co. drops LA Westside tunnel plan". TechCrunch. November 28, 2018. Archived from the original on November 28, 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
  81. ↑ Ho, Vivian (November 29, 2018). "Elon Musk scraps plans for Los Angeles tunnel after lawsuit settlement". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved March 24, 2023.
  82. ↑ Deruy, Emily (February 5, 2019). "San Jose: Mayor in talks with Elon Musk's Boring Company for airport tunnel". The Mercury News. Archived from the original on February 6, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  83. ↑ Kay, Grace. "Elon Musk's The Boring Company was launched after traffic was driving the founder 'nuts'". Business Insider. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
  84. ↑ "Ontario airport tunnel project by Elon Musk moves to next phase". Daily Bulletin. February 5, 2021. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  85. ↑ "Elon Musk might not build tunnel to Ontario Airport after all". Daily Bulletin. July 19, 2022. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
  86. ↑ "San Bernardino County moving ahead with tunnel project, with or without Elon Musk technology". ABC7 Los Angeles. July 29, 2022. Retrieved December 15, 2023.
  87. ↑ Connellan, Shannon (January 18, 2019). "Elon Musk does the math on another massive tunnel". Mashable. Archived from the original on January 21, 2019. Retrieved January 21, 2019.
  88. ↑ "Tunnel experts dismiss Elon Musk's Blue Mountains plan as 'Alice in Wonderland stuff'". ABC News. January 17, 2019. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  89. ↑ Horowitz, Julia (January 28, 2018). "Elon Musk's Boring Company is now raising money by selling flamethrowers". CNN Money. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  90. ↑ "Timeout everyone. Y'all know that Musk's $500 'flamethrower' is literally a Boring blowtorch?". Situation Publishing. Archived from the original on January 30, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
  91. ↑ Gibbs, Samuel (February 1, 2018). "Elon Musk sells all 20,000 Boring Company 'flamethrowers'". The Guardian. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  92. ↑ "California politician will seek sale ban on Elon Musk's Boring Company flamethrower". The Verge. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
  93. 1 2 3 Paleja, Ameya (September 23, 2021). "Musk's Boring Company Announces Not-a-Boring Competition Winner". Interesting Engineering. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  94. ↑ Numbers, the (April 13, 2023). "Swiss Hyperloop Team wins top prize for Innovation at "Not-A-Boring Competition"". AJOT. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  95. ↑ "Fort Lauderdale officials say Elon Musk's new tunnel to the beach can't come fast enough". NBC News. June 8, 2021. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  96. ↑ "Tunnelling Journal April / May 2021". The Tunnelling Journal. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  97. ↑ Walker, Alissa (January 8, 2020). "Stop calling Elon Musk's Boring tunnel public transit". Curbed. Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  98. ↑ Tinoco, Matt (December 18, 2017). "5 reasons why experts are so skeptical of Elon Musk's solution for LA traffic". Curbed LA. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  99. ↑ Hawkins, Andrew J. (January 23, 2018). "The Boring Company's plan to dig a longer tunnel under Los Angeles is up in the air". The Verge. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  100. 1 2 "Why Write About Elon Musk?". Human Transit. May 25, 2019. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  101. 1 2 Penn, Ivan (December 19, 2018). "It's Showtime for Elon Musk's Boring Co., With a Long Way to Go". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
  102. ↑ Tangermann, Victor (November 29, 2023). "In Seven Years, Elon Musk's Boring Company Has Only Drilled 2.4 Miles of Tunnel". Futurism. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.