Department of Government Efficiency

Last updated

U.S. DOGE Service Temporary Organization
Department of Government Efficiency icon.png
Logo as of January 2025
Eisenhower Executive Office Building 26.jpg
The Eisenhower Executive Office Building, where the DOGE office is located
Temporary organization overview
FormedJanuary 20, 2025;
11 days ago (2025-01-20)
Jurisdiction U.S. federal government
Headquarters Eisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Temporary organization executive
Parent Agency United States DOGE Service
Website doge.gov

The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), [note 1] officially the U.S. DOGE Service Temporary Organization, is a temporary organization under the United States DOGE Service, formerly known as the United States Digital Service. [1] [2] Despite the name, DOGE is not a federal executive department, the creation of which would require the approval of the U.S. Congress. [3]

Contents

DOGE's purpose is to reduce wasteful spending and eliminate unnecessary regulations. [4] However, according to the executive order that established it, its formal purpose is to "modernize federal technology and software to maximize governmental efficiency and productivity". [2]

Led by businessman Elon Musk, the organization was announced by then president-elect Donald Trump in November 2024 for his second term. Initially, Vivek Ramaswamy was to co-lead with Musk, but he left before the project began. The organization was created by executive order on January 20, 2025, and was scheduled to end on July 4, 2026. DOGE has an office in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building [5] and will have about 20 employees there with teams embedded in federal agencies. [6]

History

Conception

The idea of DOGE has been linked to Trump's campaign promises to cut federal spending and reduce the size of government and the size of the federal fiscal deficit. [7] [8]

The concept of DOGE emerged in a discussion between Elon Musk and Donald Trump, where Musk floated the idea of a department for streamlining government efficiency. In August 2024, Trump said at a campaign event that, if he were elected, he would be open to giving Musk an advisory role. [9] In response, Musk wrote a post on X saying "I am willing to serve", along with an AI-created image of him standing in front of a lectern marked "Department of Government Efficiency". [10] The organization's acronym DOGE has been described as referencing dogecoin, a cryptocurrency that Musk promotes, [11] and the DOGE website's official launch prominently featured the dogecoin logo of a Shiba Inu dog. [12] Later, the suggestion was made by Trump of establishing such a department and for it to be headed by Musk. [13] [14]

Musk has suggested that the organization could help to cut the U.S. federal budget by up to US$2 trillion through measures such as reducing waste, abolishing redundant agencies, and downsizing the federal workforce. Ramaswamy also stated that DOGE may eliminate entire federal agencies and reduce the number of federal employees by as much as 75%. [15] [16] DOGE may attempt to do this through re-enacting Schedule F. [17] Musk has also proposed consolidating the number of federal agencies from more than 400 to fewer than 100. [18]

Musk has described deregulation as the only path to the SpaceX Mars colonization program, and promised he will "get the government off people's back and out of their pocket". [19]

The organization is similar to attempts before it, including president Theodore Roosevelt's Keep Commission, president Ronald Reagan's appointment of J. Peter Grace to lead the Grace Commission, and vice president Al Gore's National Partnership for Reinventing Government. [20]

Planning and member acquisition

On November 5, 2024, Musk suggested that former U.S. representative and two-time Republican presidential candidate Ron Paul could work with DOGE. [21] [22]

On November 14, on social media, Musk called for individuals who were interested in working for the organization to send CVs to DOGE's X account via DM. [23] It was noted at the time that, because Musk's platform does not allow non-premium accounts to DM premium or verified accounts by default, only those who subscribed to X's paid premium service could submit their CVs in this way. [24] DOGE's X account has since allowed direct messages from non-premium accounts. [25]

On December 22, Trump announced that Katie Miller, the wife of incoming deputy chief of staff for policy Stephen Miller, would be joining DOGE. [26]

On January 19, 2025, it was reported by CBS News that Ramaswamy was expected to step away from DOGE to instead run for the governorship of Ohio. CBS also reported there had been internal friction between Ramaswamy and Musk, with Musk's supporters reportedly "privately undercutting" Ramaswamy and encouraging him to depart from DOGE over his alleged lack of engagement with the project. [27] [28] On January 20, 2025, following the Second Presidential Inauguration of Trump, the White House clarified that Ramaswamy would not be serving in DOGE. [29] On January 27, Ramaswamy said that he had resigned after a "mutual discussion" with Musk. Ramaswamy described his own focus as "a constitutional law, legislative-based approach," in contrast with Musk's "technology approach, which is the future approach." [30]

On January 21, The New York Times reported that the Executive Order establishing DOGE would rename the United States Digital Service to "United States DOGE Service" and create "DOGE teams" embedded within federal agencies consisting of at least four special government employees that would have "full and prompt access to all unclassified agency records, software systems and IT systems" to the "maximum extent consistent with law." Officially, the group's goal is to advance the "president's DOGE agenda" by "modernizing federal technology and software to maximize governmental efficiency and productivity". The budget of the service was unknown, and several of the employees were expected to be unpaid volunteers. [1]

Congressional caucus and proposed subcommittee

On November 19, 2024, representatives Aaron Bean and Pete Sessions launched the Delivering Outstanding Government Efficiency Caucus to support the DOGE mission. [31]

Plans to create a new congressional subcommittee were announced on November 21 by House Oversight Committee chairman James Comer (R-KY). [32] This new subcommittee will be called the Delivering on Government Efficiency Subcommittee, will be chaired by representative Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA), and will work closely with DOGE to reduce governmental expenditures. [33] [34] [35] [36] On November 22, senator Joni Ernst (R-IA) was appointed to lead the corresponding Senate DOGE Caucus. [37] [38]

In December 2024, Ernst proposed a bill dubbed "DRAIN THE SWAMP Act", which would require each executive agency to relocate at least 30 percent of employees working at Washington, D.C., headquarters to offices located outside of the D.C. metro area; while also restricting the ability to telework. [39] [40] [41]

Bipartisan collaboration

As of December 2024, representative Jared Moskowitz (D-FL) is the only Democrat to have joined the newly formed DOGE caucus in Congress. He has proposed reorganizing the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) by potentially removing agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Secret Service from its jurisdiction. This proposal aims to reduce the size of the DHS. [42]

Functions

Despite its name, DOGE is not a federal executive department, which would require an act of Congress to create. Vox said that the body is "unlikely to have any regulatory teeth on its own, but there's little doubt that it can have influence on the incoming administration and how it will determine its budgets". [43]

Donald Trump said the body would help to "dismantle government bureaucracy, slash excess regulations, cut wasteful expenditures and restructure federal agencies". He also stated that DOGE will work with the Office of Management and Budget to address what he called "massive waste and fraud" in government spending. [44]

Eliminating agencies

On November 27, 2024, Musk proposed eliminating the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. [45] [46]

On December 12, 2024, The Wall Street Journal reported that the Trump team and officials from DOGE had inquired about abolishing the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). It also reported on several differing plans to combine and restructure the FDIC, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and Federal Reserve. [47]

Lifespan

According to tweets by Musk and Ramaswamy, the ultimate goal of DOGE is to become so efficient that it eventually eliminates its own necessity. The organization has a set expiration date of July 4, 2026, the United States Semiquincentennial (250th anniversary), which follows Ramaswamy's idea that most government projects should have clear expiration dates. [48]

Trump stated that the entity's work will "conclude" no later than July 4, 2026, [49] also coinciding with a proposed "Great American Fair". [50] Trump called the proposed results of DOGE "the perfect gift to America". [51]

Reception and analysis

An infographic on outlays and revenues in the 2023 US federal budget 2023 US Federal Budget Infographic.png
An infographic on outlays and revenues in the 2023 US federal budget

Support

Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase, the largest American bank, has supported the idea of creating DOGE to improve government competency. [52] Brian Armstrong, CEO of Coinbase, has also spoken in support of the idea. [53]

Javier Milei, the president of Argentina, stated that, prior to the official announcement of the creation of DOGE, Musk had called Federico Sturzenegger, Argentina's minister of deregulation and transformation of the state, to discuss imitating his ministry's model in the United States. [54]

On January 10, 2025, 26 Republican state governors wrote a joint letter to leaders of Congress expressing, "overwhelming support for President Trump's Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)". The governors also stated that they are committed to "stand ready to help DOGE—and Congress—be successful". [55] [56] [57]

Bipartisan support of defense spending cuts

In December 2024, senator Bernie Sanders praised Musk on the plans by DOGE to cut defense spending; he stated that "Elon Musk is right. The Pentagon, with a budget of $886 billion, just failed its 7th audit in a row. It's lost track of billions." [58] [59] Democratic congressman Ro Khanna also indicated that he would be open to working with DOGE to reduce defense spending. [58]

Skepticism of goals, promises, and mandate

On October 28, 2024, at a Trump campaign rally in Madison Square Garden, Musk stated that he believed DOGE could reduce federal government spending by $2 trillion [60] (a figure higher than the federal government's total discretionary spending in 2023). [61] [62] [63] After the election, he said $2 trillion would be a best-case scenario, but he had a "good shot" at cutting $1 trillion. [64] Musk has not specified whether these savings would be made over a single year or a longer period; federal budget experts generally assess fiscal matters over a 10-year budget window. [65] [66]

In November, Politico reported on growing concern from the tech world and several policy experts that the project was over-promising or could potentially tear down "much of the essential infrastructure that ushers along American innovation". Former US deputy chief technology officer Jennifer Pahlka stated that while civil service reform was needed, mass firings was the wrong answer. [67] Senior fellow Brian Riedl at the Manhattan Institute said that DOGE's plan to fire 25% of the federal workforce would reduce only 1% of federal funding and require the hiring of contractors to fulfill the difference. The Washington Post cited critics who stated balancing the budget would require higher taxes or cuts to Medicare or Social Security, and DOGE's proposal to slash federal programs that Congress funds but whose authority had lapsed would cut "veterans' health care, initiatives at the State and Justice departments and NASA, and multiple major antipoverty programs". The Post also cited budget experts who said Musk and Ramaswamy's plan "demonstrates the pair's misunderstanding of how the government works". [68]

Douglas Holtz-Eakin of the American Action Forum compared DOGE to the former Grace Commission which had zero of its 150 proposals enacted. According to chief economist Mark Zandi of Moody's, the 30% of the federal budget that is non-discretionary is at the lowest level in modern history as a percentage of GDP, and that even finding $200 billion of savings was highly unlikely. Senior director for federal budget policy Bobby Kogan at the Center for American Progress said that the "threat level for DOGE's recommendations making it through Congress is relatively low", [69] and that $2 trillion in cuts would likely result in 33% cuts to Social Security, Medicare, and every program relating to veterans compensation and healthcare. Maya MacGuineas of the public policy organization Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget has said that $2 trillion in savings is "absolutely doable" over a period of 10 years, but it would be difficult to do in a single year "without compromising some of the fundamental objectives of the government that are widely agreed upon". Desmond Lachman of American Enterprise Institute stated that "realistically, there isn't much political willingness to do the tough stuff that [needs] to be done to get the budget under control." [70]

The committee has been seen as potentially redundant to the Government Accountability Office. [71]

Legality

Questions have been raised whether Musk's and Ramaswamy's companies being contractors to the federal government causes a conflict of interest with their proposed work in DOGE. [72] [73] [74] [75]

Democratic representative Zoe Lofgren has criticized DOGE, calling it "unconstitutional and illegal" in relation to its proposals regarding the impoundment of appropriated funds by Congress. [76]

Lawsuit

On January 20, 2025, the day of Trump's inauguration, The Washington Post learned of a pending lawsuit to be launched against DOGE mere minutes after Trump was to be sworn in. The lawsuit questioned whether DOGE is a presidential advisory commission obeying federal transparency rules about certain practices, such as disclosure and hiring. [28] [77] That same day, several lawsuits were filed against President Trump and the Office of Management and Budget, alleging violation of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, which requires that "the advisory committee have a fair balance in viewpoints represented, that they do not meet in secret, and that their records and work product be made available for public inspection." [78]

See also

Other similar commissions

Notes

  1. ↑ Pronounced /doʊdʒ/ , DOHJ

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References

  1. 1 2 Madeline, Ngo; Schleifer, Theodore (January 21, 2025). "How Trump's Department of Government Efficiency Will Work" . The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  2. 1 2 Ingle, Davis (January 21, 2025). "Establishing And Implementing The President's "Department Of Government Efficiency"". The White House. Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  3. ↑ Lubin, Rhian (November 14, 2024). "What is DOGE? Trump's Department of Government Efficiency led by Musk and Ramaswamy". The Independent. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  4. ↑ Tecotzky, Alice (January 24, 2025). "DOGE announces results from its first 80 hours of work — and it's way behind schedule". Business Insider. Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  5. ↑ Haberman, Maggie; Savage, Charlie; Swan, Jonathan; Schleifer, Theodore (January 14, 2025). "Elon Musk Is Expected to Use Office Space in the White House Complex". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  6. ↑ Ngo, Madeleine; Schleifer, Theodore (January 21, 2025). "How Trump's Department of Government Efficiency Will Work". The New York Times.
  7. ↑ Cooper, Jonathan J. (September 5, 2024). "Trump says he'd create a government efficiency commission led by Elon Musk". Associated Press News. Archived from the original on December 2, 2024. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
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  11. ↑ Trotta, Daniel; Beech, Eric (November 13, 2024). "Trump names Elon Musk to lead government efficiency drive". Reuters. Retrieved December 22, 2024. The acronym of the new department - DOGE - also references the name of the cryptocurrency dogecoin that Musk promotes.
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  20. ↑ Ngo, Madeleine; Fahrenthold, David (November 16, 2024). "Musk Wants to Slash $2 Trillion in Federal Spending. Is That Possible?". New York Times . Archived from the original on November 25, 2024. Retrieved November 25, 2024.
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  33. ↑ Reporter, Martha McHardy US News (November 22, 2024). "Marjorie Taylor Greene lays out DOGE plan to fire government employees". Newsweek. Archived from the original on November 22, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  34. ↑ "Elon Musk's budget crusade could cause a constitutional clash in Trump's second term". AP News. November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
  35. ↑ "Marjorie Taylor Greene to work with Musk's new government efficiency panel". Reuters. November 21, 2024. Retrieved November 22, 2024.
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  38. ↑ "Ernst Creates Senate DOGE Caucus to Eliminate Government Waste | U.S. Senator Joni Ernst of Iowa". www.ernst.senate.gov. November 22, 2024. Archived from the original on November 23, 2024. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  39. ↑ "Ernst rolls out next DOGE-inspired bill". Politico. December 19, 2024. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  40. ↑ "Ernst Drains the Swamp". www.ernst.senate.gov. September 13, 2023. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  41. ↑ "Sen. Ernst introduces bill to relocate 30% of federal workforce". ny1.com. Retrieved December 20, 2024.
  42. ↑ Solender, Andrew (December 13, 2024). "Why some House Democrats are showing interest in Trump and Musk's DOGE plan". Axios. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
  43. ↑ Fayyad, Abdallah (November 13, 2024). "Trump tapped Musk to co-lead the "Department of Government Efficiency." What the heck is that?". Vox. Archived from the original on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
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  45. ↑ "Elon Musk wants to 'delete' federal financial watchdog as 'DOGE' begins work". Washington Post. November 27, 2024. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  46. ↑ "Musk calls for abolishing consumer finance watchdog targeted by Republicans". Reuters. November 27, 2024.
  47. ↑ "Trump advisers seek to shrink or eliminate bank regulators, WSJ reports". Reuters. December 12, 2024.
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  55. ↑ "Republican Governors Send Clear Message: We Stand with President Trump and DOGE". RGA. January 10, 2025. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
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  57. ↑ Richmond, Michael (January 12, 2025). "Youngkin backs Trump plan to cut federal workforce, spending". The Daily Progress. Retrieved January 12, 2025.
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  77. ↑ Stein, Jeff (January 20, 2025). "Elon Musk's 'DOGE' to be sued within minutes of Trump's inauguration". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
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