Executive Order 14172

Last updated

Executive Order 14172
"Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness"
Seal of the President of the United States.svg
Type Executive order
Number14172
PresidentDonald Trump
SignedJanuary 20, 2025
Federal Register details
Federal Register
document number		2025-02096  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Publication dateJanuary 31, 2025  OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Summary
The executive order aims to rename national landmarks, including reinstating "Mount McKinley" and renaming the Gulf of Mexico to the "Gulf of America".

Executive Order 14172, titled "Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness", is an executive order signed by Donald Trump, the 47th president of the United States, on January 20, 2025, [1] the day of his second inauguration. The executive order directs the reinstatement of the name "Mount McKinley" to the highest peak in North America, reversing the 2015 decision to call it by its centuries-old name Denali, and orders the renaming of the northern part of the Gulf of Mexico to the "Gulf of America". The order further outlines the process for updating the United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN).

Contents

Background

The BGN is authorized to standardize geographical endonyms and exonyms within the U.S. federal government. Within the BGN, the Foreign Names Committee is responsible for maintaining the names of international waters such as the Gulf. [2] [3] Ordinarily, the BGN does not perform geographical renaming but rather recognizes existing names to align federal usage with local usage, eliminate offensive names, or combine duplicate records. [4]

Publishers have established editorial policies on the selection and presentation of disputed geographical names. The stated policy of National Geographic Maps is to aim for political neutrality, annotating disputes with explanatory notes. [5] In 2008, Google published a "primary local usage" policy for Google Maps and Google Earth, stating a preference for "names which are in widespread daily use, rather than giving immediate recognition to any arbitrary governmental re-naming", giving the Pacific Ocean as a hypothetical example. [6] In practice, Google Maps omits some official designations, for example varying the label of the South China Sea but not labeling the West Philippine Sea as designated by the Philippine Maritime Zones Act. [7] [8]

Denali–Mount McKinley naming dispute

Located in Alaska, Denali is the tallest mountain in North America. For centuries, Alaska Natives have called it Denali, meaning "the high one" in the Koyukon language. Their descriptive name for the mountain contrasts with European settlers' practice of naming mountains after individuals. [9] In 1917, the U.S. federal government officially named it Mount McKinley, in honor of President William McKinley, with the establishment of Mount McKinley National Park. The Alaska state government later designated it Denali, and the park was renamed Denali National Park and Preserve in 1980. [4] In August 2015, Interior Secretary Sally Jewell announced that mountain's name would officially be changed to Denali in all federal documents. [10] [11] President Barack Obama announced the renaming while on a visit to Alaska in early September 2015. [12] The Obama administration's action was criticized by the entire congressional delegation from President McKinley's home state of Ohio, as well as then presidential candidate Donald Trump, who pledged to change it back. [13]

In December 2024, President-elect Donald Trump stated at AmericaFest that he planned to revert the mountain's official name to Mount McKinley during his second term. Trump's proposal was met with criticism from many prominent Alaskans. [14] [15] Early the next month, a poll by Alaska Survey Research found that, among 1,816 adult Alaska residents, 54% opposed renaming Denali to Mount McKinley, 26% supported it, and 20% had no opinion on the matter, with a margin of error of 2.3%. The poll found a partisan split, with those who had voted for Trump favoring Mount McKinley by 43% to 37% and those who had voted for Vice President Kamala Harris favoring Denali by 86% to 7%. [16]

Ideas to rename the Gulf of Mexico as "Gulf of America"

For centuries, the Gulf of Mexico has been recognized by that name, which is derived from Mexica , the Nahuatl name for the Aztecs. The name began to be used on early European maps in 1550 [17] and soon became established in international cartography and legal usage by bodies such as the International Hydrographic Organization. [2]

The idea of renaming the gulf to "Gulf of America" [18] arose much later. As chair of the BGN in the 2000s, librarian John R. Hébert received repeated petitions to this effect from one individual. [19] In 2010, comedian Stephen Colbert humorously suggested creating a "Gulf of America fund" to help in the cleanup following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. [a] In 2012, Mississippi state representative Steve Holland, a Democrat, introduced a bill proposing the name change satirically. In an interview with NPR at the time, he explained that as the Mississippi Republican Party appeared to want to push anything Mexican out of the state, renaming the body of water would help with that cause. [b] [24]

Dutch cartographers influenced by Petrus Plancius conceived of the Americas as the Mexican and Peruvian continents, illustrated here on a modern world map. Continents (Plancius, 1594).svg
Dutch cartographers influenced by Petrus Plancius conceived of the Americas as the Mexican and Peruvian continents, illustrated here on a modern world map.

In early January 2025, president-elect Trump made public statements about renaming the waters as the "Gulf of America". Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene of Georgia responded by introducing House Resolution 276 to rename the gulf. [25] [4] At a press briefing, President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico mocked the idea by suggesting that North America be renamed to "Mexican America" (Spanish : América Mexicana), citing the 1814 Constitution of Apatzingán [26] [27] and Pieter van den Keere's Orbis terrarum typus de integro multis in locis emendatus (1607). [c] A Harvard CAPS/Harris poll of 2,650 U.S. registered voters found that 28% of respondents supported adopting the name "Gulf of America" while 72% opposed changing the name. [29] [30]

During the 19th and 20th centuries, the name "Gulf of America" referred to Nakhodka Bay in the Russian Far East, commemorating the Russian corvette America. The name was replaced by an ostensibly less Western one as part of a broader renaming of geographical objects in the Russian Far East. [31]

Provisions

Agency heads are directed to review and potentially replace their appointees to the BGN. The secretary of the interior is tasked with reviewing and making additional appointments to help implement the order. An appointment as acting secretary was made on January 20 by the incoming president on inaugural day.[ citation needed ] The BGN is instructed to advance the policy of honoring "American heroes" in its naming and renaming decisions. [1]

The order directs the secretary of the interior to reinstate the name "Mount McKinley" within 30 days, reversing the 2015 decision to rename it Denali. The surrounding national park area will retain the name Denali National Park and Preserve. The Secretary will also work with Alaska Native groups and local organizations to identify other landmark names that honor Alaskan history and culture. [1]

Citing the Gulf of Mexico's importance to the U.S. economy and global commerce, the order directs the Secretary of the Interior to rename it to "Gulf of America" within 30 days, updating the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) and ensuring that all federal documents reflect the new name. The order defines the affected body of water as the "U.S. Continental Shelf area bounded on the northeast, north, and northwest by the States of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida and extending to the seaward boundary with Mexico and Cuba in the area formerly named as the Gulf of Mexico". [1] The original draft of the order focused on renaming Denali; after President Trump's statements regarding the gulf in January 2025, the provision renaming the gulf was hastily added to the draft. [32]

The Secretary of the Interior is encouraged to seek public and intergovernmental input regarding other figures or landmarks that could be honored, particularly in light of America's upcoming 250th anniversary. [1]

The order clarifies that it does not alter the authority of any executive department or agency, nor does it create new legal rights. It must be implemented in accordance with applicable law and the availability of appropriations. [1]

The executive order cites 43 U.S.C.   § 364, which tasks the BGN with promoting uniformity in geographic nomenclature within the federal government. Former interior secretary Sally Jewell, whose order designating the mountain as Denali was rescinded, stated that she did not believe that Trump had direct authority to rename the mountain back to Mount McKinley, since it was under the authority of the BGN. [33]

President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico argues that the U.S. government only has the legal authority to rename the U.S. territorial sea within the gulf, up to 12 nautical miles (22 km; 14 mi) from the coast, based on the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. However, the U.S. has never ratified the convention despite recognizing some of its provisions. [34] [35] [36]

A 1989 bilateral agreement with Canada requires the BGN to coordinate the name of any shared geographic feature with the Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographic Names (now the Geographical Names Board of Canada). However, no bilateral agreement requires coordination with Mexico's National Institute of Statistics and Geography or Cuba's National Commission on Geographical Names (Spanish : Comisión Nacional de Nombres Geográficos). [4] [37] The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names has adopted a resolution that, when a dispute arises between countries that share a geographical feature, UN agencies will accept the names used by each party to the dispute, which may result in maps labeling each name simultaneously. [4]

Implementation

In February 2025, the United States Geological Survey began labeling the gulf as "Gulf of America" on the agency's maps. U.S. Geological Survey map of the Gulf of America, 2025.jpg
In February 2025, the United States Geological Survey began labeling the gulf as "Gulf of America" on the agency's maps.

On January 24, 2025, the Department of the Interior announced that the names Mount McKinley and "Gulf of America" are effective immediately for federal use, and that the BGN is working to update the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) to reflect the order. [38] In early February, Interior Secretary Doug Burgum issued Secretary's Orders 3423 and 3424, directing the BGN to update GNIS with "Gulf of America" and "Mount McKinley", respectively. [39] The BGN rejected several proposals to revert Mount McKinley back to Denali, because overriding an executive order would require Congressional intervention. [40]

President Trump signs the proclamation designating Gulf of America Day aboard Air Force One.

On February 9, 2025, President Trump signed a proclamation designating the day as "Gulf of America Day" while flying over the Gulf of Mexico on Air Force One from Palm Beach, Florida, to New Orleans to attend Super Bowl LIX. [41] The United States Geological Survey timed an update to GNIS and The National Map to coincide with the proclamation, [42] [43] retroactive to January 20. Following the update, both GNIS and its counterpart for exonyms, the GEOnet Names Server (GNS), give "Gulf of America" as the conventional name, relegating "Gulf of Mexico" to a variant name alongside Spanish names. [44] [45] [46]

Initially, the order's description of the gulf created uncertainty among mapmakers about the extent to which the gulf would be renamed. [3] President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico maintains that the order only directed the secretary of the interior to rename the portion on the U.S. continental shelf, and that the legal authority to rename the gulf is limited to U.S. territorial waters. [36] However, Secretary Burgum subsequently ordered the renaming of "the feature currently known as the Gulf of Mexico", [39] and the modified records in both GNIS and GNS explicitly refer to the gulf as a whole, without distinguishing territorial waters or the continental shelf. [45] [46]

Agencies across the federal government moved to align their usage with GNIS. The Environmental Protection Agency renamed one of its water quality programs, the Gulf of Mexico Division, to the Gulf of America Division. [47] The Federal Aviation Administration issued a charting notice that the agency's databases and aeronautical charts would be updated to say "Gulf of America" and "Mount McKinley". [48] [49] The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration began updating forecasts and maps to refer to "Gulf of America", though it was unclear how the National Hurricane Center would refer to forecasts outside of the U.S. exclusive economic zone. [50] The Library of Congress issued a proposal to replace scores of existing references to "Gulf of Mexico" and "Denali" in the Library of Congress Subject Headings, a controlled vocabulary used in library science. [51]

Reactions

Governments

President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico said that her country and the rest of the world would continue to refer to the Gulf of Mexico by its longstanding name. [52] The Cuban government reportedly rejected the unilateral renaming. [53] The government of the United Kingdom reportedly has no plans to change official maps unless there is a change in common usage. [54] In Poland, the Commission on Standardization of Geographical Names Outside the Republic of Poland (Polish : Komisja Standaryzacji Nazw Geograficznych poza Granicami Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) ruled that the name of the gulf in Polish would remain Zatoka Meksykańska (literally "Mexican Gulf"). [55] In Germany, the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names issued guidance that German-language publications should use the forms Mount McKinley (Denali) and Golf von Mexiko, noting that the names specified in the executive order are politically motivated. [56]

Congressional Democrats, including Senator Adam Schiff of California, said that they are prioritizing other issues over President Trump's geographical renaming activities. [57]

Alaska officials opposed the order to rename Denali to Mount McKinley. On February 7, 2025, the Alaska State Legislature passed a joint resolution urging the federal government to retain Denali as the mountain's official name. The Alaska State Senate voted unanimously in favor of the resolution. [58] [59] On February 13, 2025, Alaska's U.S. senators, Lisa Murkowski and Dan Sullivan, both Republicans, co-sponsored legislation to officially redesignate the mountain as Denali. [60]

Officials in several other Republican-led states moved to align state usage with the executive order:

In Russia, the executive order prompted Deputy Denis Bulanov of the Saratov Oblast Duma to propose renaming the Black Sea to "Russian Sea" domestically. [78] Governor JB Pritzker of Illinois, a Democrat, released a video parodying the executive order by claiming to rename Lake Michigan back to Lake Illinois. [79]

Domestic news media

On January 23, 2025, the Associated Press (AP) announced that its wire reports would continue to refer to Gulf of Mexico while acknowledging "Gulf of America", but that they would begin referring to Mount McKinley instead of Denali. Maps and other graphics accompanying the reports would continue to label Gulf of Mexico for the time being. The AP Stylebook , which is the journalistic writing standard for news organizations worldwide, also permits Gulf and Gulf Coast. [5] [80] [81] [82] The New Yorker said they would follow AP guidance, [83] while The Christian Science Monitor said they would use similar language. [84] The Atlantic , Bloomberg News, [83] HuffPost , [85] the Los Angeles Times , The New York Times , Reuters, [83] The Wall Street Journal , [86] and The Washington Post stated that they would continue to refer to the gulf by its traditional name. [83]

Conservative-leaning news outlets, including Fox News, Breitbart News , 1819 News , and Yellowhammer News, began to use "Gulf of America" without clarification. [83] Axios , along with Gannett's USA Today and USA Today Network local newspaper chain, began to refer to the gulf by both names simultaneously as a compromise. [83] [85] Some broadcast meteorologists have opted to call it simply "the Gulf". [87]

Dissatisfied with the AP's decision, the White House indefinitely barred AP reporters from attending press events in the Oval Office or aboard Air Force One until the agency agrees to use "Gulf of America" in its style guide. [88] [89] [90] On February 21, 2025, the AP sued the White House in Associated Press v. Budowich on constitutional grounds. [91] The ban and other conflicts with the press have led to calls for solidarity and collective action among mainstream news organizations. [92] [93]

Technology industry

Google Maps presents translations of both names to users overseas, such as Golf von Mexiko with Golf von Amerika to German speakers in Germany. Golf von Mexiko oder Golf von Amerika (Google Maps) Screenshot 2025-02-05 112848.png
Google Maps presents translations of both names to users overseas, such as Golf von Mexiko with Golf von Amerika to German speakers in Germany.

Some major American map services voluntarily relabeled the gulf. Google added the United States and Mexico to an internal list of "sensitive" countries that require special consideration on maps, alongside China, Russia, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and others. [94] On January 27, 2025, the company announced that Google Maps and Google Earth would relabel both the Gulf of Mexico and Denali as soon as GNIS was updated. The gulf would appear as "Gulf of America" to users in the U.S., as Gulf of Mexico to users in Mexico, and as both names to users elsewhere, based on the Internet connection location. [95] Google implemented the Gulf of America and Mount McKinley labels in early February, immediately following updates to GNIS. [96] [97]

Apple Maps and Bing Maps also updated references to "Gulf of America" and "Mount McKinley", following criticism from Republican officials. [98] [99] In Apple Maps, the gulf's label depends on the user's chosen locale setting rather than their physical location. [100] Esri released a new series of basemaps for ArcGIS that are designed for U.S. government customers, labeling both "Mount McKinley" and "Gulf of America" and depicting boundaries as recognized by the U.S. State Department. The new basemaps will be shown to ArcGIS Online visitors who are located in the U.S. or use a U.S. locale, while others will continue to see more neutral international basemaps. [101]

MapQuest did not rename the gulf on their main map, citing their own obsolescence in self-deprecating social media posts, but instead published a tool that allows users to personalize the gulf's label and share the resulting map on social media. [102] Yandex stated that Yandex Maps would maintain the gulf's traditional name for its Russian-speaking users. Huawei stated that Petal Maps would maintain the traditional name as a competitive advantage against Google Maps. [103]

President Claudia Sheinbaum of Mexico objected to Google's relabeling of the Gulf and had Foreign Secretary Juan Ramón de la Fuente send Google a letter threatening a civil lawsuit if they did not restore Gulf of Mexico to their maps, arguing that their depiction contradicts international law. She stated that the Legal Counsel of the Federal Executive was looking into the matter. [34] [36] [104] Mark Monmonier, the author of How to Lie with Maps , criticized Google's decision to acquiesce to what he described as President Trump's bullying. [105] John Gruber argues that large technology companies cannot realistically ignore the name "Gulf of America", comparing the label to the falsely enlarged Diaoyu Islands that Chinese users see in Apple Maps due to government regulations, but he criticizes Apple and Google for erasing references to "Gulf of Mexico" and for not limiting the changes to U.S. users. [100]

Internet users opposed to the Trump administration's actions reacted by review bombing Google Maps on the App Store and the gulf's entry in Google Maps, leading Google to disable reviews of the gulf. [106] [107] Vandals targeted the Mall of America in Minnesota [108] [109] and the Voice of America Center [110] and Voice of America MetroPark [111] in Ohio, briefly renaming them after Mexico.

Publishing industry

Among print publishers, Rand McNally stated that they would wait for the Department of the Interior to conduct legal and public review before making any adjustments to their atlases. [112] Japanese map and textbook publisher Teikoku Shoin said they would maintain the name Gulf of Mexico for the 2025–2026 school year and would reassess afterwards. [113]

The Encyclopædia Britannica renamed Denali to Mount McKinley and the Gulf of Mexico to "Gulf of Mexico / Gulf of America", [114] [115] after stating that they would retain "Gulf of Mexico" for their mostly international audience. [116] [117] An online merchant quickly capitalized on the executive order, selling out of Gulf of America–branded globes, maps, and other merchandise. [118] Iranian publisher Gitashenasi issued a Persian-language map of the United States that labels the gulf as both "Gulf of America" (خلیج امریکا) and "Gulf of Mexico" (خلیج مکزیک). [119]

Cultural institutions have expressed concerned that a recent change by the National Endowment for the Arts could jeopardize federal grants for works of literature that contradict the Trump administration's executive orders, including by referring to the Gulf of Mexico by its traditional name. [120]

Petroleum industry

BP and Chevron, which have extensive leases in the gulf, have begun calling it the "Gulf of America", including retroactively, referring to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill as the "Gulf of America oil spill". [32]

Fishing industry

Some seafood distributors in Louisiana are adding "Gulf of America" to their packaging to more clearly distinguish their products from similar products imported from Mexico and other countries. [73]

Tourism industry

Tourism organizations in Alaska released statements opposing the renaming of Denali to Mount McKinley and committing to continue calling the mountain Denali. [121]

The National Maritime Museum of the Gulf of Mexico in Mobile, Alabama, has no immediate plans to change their name, which was designated by an act of Congress. The city-owned museum rebranded back to this name in April 2024 at a cost of nearly $100,000, and there is concern about the cost of overhauling the entire museum's exhibits, some of which focus on Mexico. [122] [62]

Environmental movement

The Nature Conservancy changed their publications to refer to the gulf within U.S. territorial waters as "Gulf of America", retaining "Gulf of Mexico" elsewhere. The organization cited the executive order's effect on their partnerships with federal government agencies. [123] At the time, the organization had at least $156 million in federal grants, including $45 million from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [124]

Legacy

The order to rename Denali is symbolic of polices of retaliatory tariffs and American expansionism under Donald Trump, as President William McKinley was a champion of both policies during his time in the U.S. House of Representatives and as president. [125]

Political commentator David Frum describes President Trump's renaming of the gulf as an attempt to project U.S. power, contrasting it with the historical European practice of mariners naming seas after destinations in less powerful countries on the opposite side, thus critiquing the action as a marker of decline. [126] Jeffrey Abramson and Jack E. Davis, a noted author about the gulf's history, draw a parallel between the attempt to pressure the Associated Press and renamings by 20th century fascist leaders, warning of a possible precursor to scapegoating of minorities. [127] Military historian Michael W. Charney describes the replacement of an indigenous reference with a European-derived name as an example of settler colonialism and compares the move to China's unilateral actions with respect to territorial disputes in the South China Sea. [128] International security researcher Dalbir Ahlawat argues that the U.S. has emboldened China to pursue a more aggressive posture in the South China Sea, undermining the Biden administration's strategic partnerships with the Philippines, Indonesia, and Vietnam. [129]

Polling

Opinion polls conducted since the executive order have ranked the renaming of the Gulf as one of the least popular actions of the second Trump administration. [130] [131] [132] [133]

Renaming the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America (national polls)
DatePollster Sample size [d] Margin of error Overall [e] DemocratsIndependentsRepublicans
ApproveDisapproveUnsureApproveApproveApprove
January 21–23 AtlasIntel [134] 1,882 A± 2%32%52%16%———
January 22–24Echelon Insights [135] 1,024 LV± 3.5%26%59%15%———
January 24–26 Reuters/Ipsos [130] [136] 1,034 A± 4%25%70%5%———
January 27–February 5 Marquette University Law School [131] [137] 1,018 A± 3.5%29%71%—4%16%57%
February 2–4 The Economist /YouGov [132] [138] 1,604 A± 3%29%54%18%10%21%54%
February 4–5Cygnal [139] [140] 1,500 A± 2.51%20%53%6%8%18%52%
February 13–18 Reuters/Ipsos [141] 4,145 A± 2%30%65%5%7%25%62%
February 16–18 The Economist /YouGov [142] 1,603 A± 3.3%30%52%19%12%21%55%
February 19–20 Harvard CAPS/Harris [133] [143] 2,443 RV± 2.0%39%61%—21%31%63%
Renaming the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America (state polls)
DateStatePollster Sample size [d] Margin of error Overall [e]
ApproveDisapproveUnsure/other
January 27–30New York Siena College Research Institute [144] 803 RV± 4.2%20%60%—
February 5–14Florida University of North Florida [145] [146] 871 RV± 3.7%31%58%11%
February 13–17New Hampshire University of New Hampshire [147] [148] 1,444 A± 2.6%26%54%19%
February 13–17Maine University of New Hampshire [149] [150] 855 A± 3.4%20%54%25%
February 13–17Vermont University of New Hampshire [151] [152] 941 A± 3.2%18%67%15%
February 15–17IllinoisM3 Strategies [153] [154] 750 RV± 3.58%30.1%57.3%27.2%

Alaska residents also opposed the order to rename Denali to Mount McKinley. An online poll by Alaska Public Media found that, among 600 respondents, about 95% preferred Denali over Mount McKinley. [155]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ He said: "I don't think we can call it the Gulf of Mexico anymore. We broke it, we bought it." [20] [21]
  2. ↑ "This new majority goes against a lot of the tenets of New Testament Christianity that I've based 29 years of legislation on," Holland told the NPR. "They want to kick immigrants out of the state, they want to drug test Medicaid people, they want to get rid of anything that's not 'America.' So I just thought it would be in keeping to introduce a bill to change the name of the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America. It fits right in with what the majority thinking apparently is now." [20] [22] [23]
  3. ↑ Itself an unauthorized reproduction of a 1590s world map of the same name by Petrus Plancius. [28]
  4. 1 2 Key:
    • A – all adults
    • RV – registered voters
    • LV – likely voters
    • V – unclear
  5. 1 2 Key:
    •   Majority approval
    •   Plurality approval
    •   Tie
    •   Plurality disapproval
    •   Majority disapproval

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness" (Press release). The White House. January 20, 2025. Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  2. 1 2 Bush, Aidan; Clifton, Libby (January 22, 2025). "Along Gulf Coast, Donald Trump's plan for 'Gulf of America' touches residents' pride; some wonder what difference will it make". Gainesville, Florida: WUFT-FM. Fresh Take Florida. Retrieved January 25, 2025.
  3. 1 2 Dave, Paresh (January 28, 2025). "Trump's 'Gulf of America' Order Has Mapmakers Completely Lost". Wired . San Francisco. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 DeSantis, Mark K.; Normand, Anna E. (January 27, 2025). Trump Administration Actions: Geographic Naming. CRS Reports (Report). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service. p. 2. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  5. 1 2 Kellman, Laurie; Italie, Hillel (January 23, 2025). "Gulf of Whatnow? Trump's geographic renaming plans leave mapmakers pondering what to do next". Associated Press. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  6. ↑ McLaughlin, Andrew (April 8, 2008). "How Google determines the names for bodies of water in Google Earth". Google Public Policy Blog. Mountain View, California: Google . Retrieved February 17, 2025.
  7. ↑ Zhou, Viola; Alam, Khadija (February 28, 2025). "Gulf of Mexico vs. Gulf of America: How digital maps display disputed names". Rest of World . New York City. Retrieved March 1, 2025.
  8. ↑ Villar, Eugene (February 20, 2025). "What is a gulf's name? It depends on where you are". The Philippine Star . Manila. p. D4.
  9. ↑ Stagner, Taylar Dawn (February 18, 2025). "'It's about control': Why Trump changed Denali's name to Mount McKinley". Grist . Seattle. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  10. ↑ Jewell, Sally (August 28, 2015). "Change of the Name of Mount McKinley to Denali" (PDF). Letter to United States Department of the Interior. S.O. 3337. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
  11. ↑ Campbell, Jon (August 30, 2015). "Old Name Officially Returns to Nation's Highest Peak". United States Board on Geographic Names (U.S. Geological Survey). Retrieved August 10, 2020.
  12. ↑ Davidson, Kate (September 6, 2015). "Sarah Palin, Once Code-Named Denali, Likes McKinley Better". The Wall Street Journal . New York City. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
  13. ↑ Schuppe, Jon (August 31, 2015). "Mt. McKinley to Denali: How A Mountain's Renaming Got Tied Up in Politics". NBC News . New York City. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
  14. ↑ "President-elect Trump wants to again rename North America's tallest peak". New York City: Associated Press. December 23, 2024. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  15. ↑ Hussain, Zoe (December 23, 2024). "Trump vows to give tallest mountain its old name back". New York Post . New York City. Retrieved December 25, 2024.
  16. ↑ Sabbatini, Mark (January 21, 2025). "Poll: Alaskans oppose reverting Denali back to Mt. McKinley by more than two to-one". Juneau Empire . Retrieved January 21, 2025.
  17. ↑ Wagner, James (January 28, 2025). "'The Gulf of America'? Here's What Mexicans and Cubans Think". The New York Times . New York City. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  18. ↑ "Gulf of America" (quotation marks included)
  19. ↑ Jennings, Ken (2011). Maphead: Charting the Wide, Weird World of Geography Wonks. New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 72. ISBN   978-1-4391-6717-5 – via Internet Archive.
  20. 1 2 "Call It 'Gulf Of America,' Not Gulf Of Mexico, Lawmaker Says In Bit Of Satire". Washington, D.C.: NPR. February 9, 2012. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  21. ↑ "Can Trump really rename the Gulf of Mexico? Comedian's old suggestion takes on new life". Yahoo News . Yahoo!. January 8, 2025. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
  22. ↑ "Before Trump proposed Gulf of Mexico renaming, a Democrat did the same". Newsweek . New York City. January 7, 2025. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
  23. ↑ "HOUSE BILL NO. 150" (PDF). Mississippi House of Representatives . Retrieved January 28, 2014.
  24. ↑ Amy, Jeff (February 10, 2012). "Lawmaker Says 'Gulf of America' Bill Was a Joke". Corpus Christi Caller-Times. Corpus Christi, TX. p. 7. Retrieved January 21, 2025– via Newspapers.com. Open Access logo PLoS transparent.svg
  25. ↑ Fields, Ashleigh (January 9, 2025). "Greene introduces Gulf of America bill: 'It's our gulf'". The Hill . Washington, D.C. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  26. ↑ Janetsky, Megan (January 8, 2025). "Mexico's President Sheinbaum offers sarcastic response to Trump's 'Gulf of America' comment". Associated Press. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  27. ↑ Dale Leal, Nicholas (January 21, 2025). "De Golfo de México a Golfo de América: Trump renombra el mapa, aunque con improbables consecuencias internacionales" [From Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America: Trump renames the map, although with international consequences unlikely]. El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  28. ↑ Gonzalez, Ana (February 10, 2025). "The Map That Entered the Conversation". The Quasi Librarian. Substack . Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  29. ↑ Prater, Nia (February 12, 2025). "Almost Nobody Wants to Call It the 'Gulf of America'". New York . New York City. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  30. ↑ "Harvard CAPS/Harris Poll" (PDF). Chicago: The Harris Poll. January 18, 2025. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  31. ↑ Bogushevskaya, Victoria (2023). "Replaced but not forgotten: On Sinicised and Sinitic toponyms in Primoskij kraj" (PDF). Sulla Via del Catai. 28. Trent: Centro Studi Martino Martini: 147.
  32. 1 2 Viser, Matt (February 24, 2025). "The inside story of how President Trump came to name the 'Gulf of America'". The Washington Post . Washington, D.C. Retrieved March 3, 2025.
  33. ↑ Friedman, Lisa (January 22, 2025). "Denali or Mt. McKinley? Alaska Lawmakers Weigh In on Trump's Renaming Plan". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  34. 1 2 Gerken, Tom (January 30, 2025). "Mexico asks Google Maps not to rename Gulf of Mexico". London: BBC News . Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  35. ↑ Treisman, Rachel (February 3, 2025). "Who will call it the Gulf of America? A look at this and other naming disputes". San Antonio, Texas: KSTX. NPR. Retrieved February 16, 2025.
  36. 1 2 3 Castillo Jiménez, Elia (February 13, 2025). "Sheinbaum abre la puerta a una demanda contra Google por cambiar el nombre del Golfo de México" [Sheinbaum opens the door to a lawsuit against Google for changing the name of the Gulf of Mexico]. El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved February 17, 2025.
  37. ↑ Ramos Guadalupe, Luis Enrique (January 30, 2025). "El 'Golfo de América' y algunas implicaciones" [The 'Gulf of America' and some implications]. Cubadebate (in Spanish). Havana: University of Information Science. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  38. ↑ Frazin, Rachel (January 24, 2025). "Feds implement 'Gulf of America,' 'Mount McKinley' name changes". The Hill . Washington, D.C. Retrieved January 24, 2025.
  39. 1 2 Burgum, Doug (February 7, 2025). "The Gulf of America" (PDF). Letter to United States Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C. S.O. 3423. Retrieved February 11, 2025.
  40. ↑ Veregin, Howard (February 11, 2025). "Farewell to the Gulf of Mexico". Madison, Wisconsin: Wisconsin State Cartographer's Office, University of Wisconsin-Madison . Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  41. ↑ Gangitano, Alex (February 9, 2025). "Trump recognizes Feb. 9 as first ever 'Gulf of America Day'". The Hill . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 9, 2025.
  42. ↑ Hughes, Trevor (February 10, 2025). "US officially changes name of Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America per Trump's order". USA Today . New York City. Retrieved February 10, 2025.
  43. ↑ "As directed by the President, the Gulf of America enters the USGS official place names database" (Press release). Reston, Virginia: United States Geological Survey Office of Communications and Publishing. February 14, 2025. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  44. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Gulf of America
  45. 1 2 U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mount McKinley
  46. 1 2 Gulf of America can be found at GEOnet Names Server , at this link , by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-1506402" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  47. ↑ Willson, Miranda (February 5, 2025). "EPA renames water quality program to 'Gulf of America'". E&E News . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  48. ↑ Davoren, Haley (February 11, 2025). "FAA reverses NOTAM name change, adopts Gulf of America". GlobalAir.com. Louisville, Kentucky. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  49. ↑ Aeronautical Information Services (February 10, 2025). "Geographic Name Changes: Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America, Denali to Mount McKinley" (PDF). Letter to users of all aeronautical products and data services. Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  50. ↑ Freedman, Andrew (February 13, 2025). "NOAA to use "Gulf of America" in weather forecasts". Axios . Arlington County, Virginia. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  51. ↑ "Tentative Monthly List 12 LCSH 2". Classification Web. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress Cataloging Distribution Service. February 13, 2025. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  52. ↑ "Mexico's president amused by Trump's order to rename the Gulf of Mexico". Associated Press. January 21, 2025. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  53. ↑ "Denominación de Golfo de América no afecta a México, asegura historiador" [Designation of Gulf of America does not affect Mexico, historian assures]. El Economista (in Spanish). Mexico City. January 31, 2025. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  54. ↑ Mitchell, Archiework=The Independent (January 24, 2025). "UK has no plans to recognise Donald Trump's new name for Gulf of Mexico". London. Retrieved January 26, 2025.
  55. ↑ "Nazwa Zatoki Meksykańskiej" [Name of the Gulf of Mexico] (Press release) (in Polish). Warsaw: Commission on Standardization of Geographical Names Outside the Republic of Poland. January 22, 2025. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  56. ↑ "Stellungnahme des Ständigen Ausschusses für Geographische Namen zur Umbenennung geografischer Objekte" [Opinion of the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names on the renaming of geographical objects](PDF) (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Permanent Committee on Geographical Names. February 18, 2025. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  57. ↑ Mahtesian, Charlie; McHugh, Calder (January 28, 2025). "The Gulf of America Is Only the Beginning". Politico (op-ed). Arlington County, Virginia. Retrieved February 23, 2025.
  58. ↑ Stone, Eric (February 7, 2025). "Alaska Legislature formally opposes Trump's renaming of Denali as Mount McKinley". Anchorage, Alaska: Alaska Public Media . Retrieved February 9, 2025.
  59. ↑ Res. to maintain Denali as official name (House Joint Resolution). Alaska State Legislature. February 7, 2025. CSHJR 4(RLS). Retrieved February 7, 2025.
  60. ↑ Samuels, Iris (February 13, 2025). "Murkowski introduces bill to keep Denali as the name of North America's tallest peak". Anchorage Daily News . Anchorage, Alaska. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  61. ↑ Sharp, John (February 13, 2025). "Alabama schools, maps, and agencies may soon be required by law to use 'Gulf of America'". Press-Register / al.com . Mobile, Alabama: Alabama Media Group. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
  62. 1 2 Sharp, John (February 10, 2025). "Rebranding chaos: Alabama's Maritime Museum and GOMESA tied to 'Gulf of Mexico' legacy". Press-Register / al.com . Mobile, Alabama: Alabama Media Group. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  63. ↑ Swaim, Kyler (February 21, 2025). "Arkansas legislature 'Gulf of America' resolution declined by House for second time". Rogers, Arkansas: KNWA-TV . Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  64. ↑ Perry, Mitch (February 20, 2025). "Wilton Simpson directs Department of Agriculture to implement name change to 'Gulf of America'". Florida Phoenix . Tallahassee: States Newsroom. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  65. ↑ Bridges, C. A. (February 11, 2025). "GOP bill would change 'Gulf of Mexico' to 'Gulf of America' in more than 50 state statutes". Tallahassee Democrat . Tallahassee, Florida. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  66. ↑ Saunders, Jim (January 22, 2025). "In Florida, it's not as simple as just calling it the 'Gulf of America'". Orlando Weekly . Orlando, Florida. News Service of Florida. Retrieved February 23, 2025.
  67. ↑ Gancarski, A.G. (February 24, 2025). "Joe Gruters looks to strike 'Gulf of Mexico' from school materials". Florida Politics . St. Petersburg, Florida. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  68. ↑ Daugherty, Eric (February 24, 2025). "'Welcome to the Gulf of America' billboards pop up in Florida". Florida's Voice. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  69. ↑ Mendoza, Jesse (February 25, 2025). "Sarasota senator pitches plan to rename U.S. 41, Tamiami Trail, to Gulf of America Trail". Sarasota Herald-Tribune . Sarasota, Florida. Retrieved February 26, 2025.
  70. ↑ Mendoza, Jesse (March 4, 2025). "Sarasota Sen. Gruters drops proposal to rename U.S. 41 Gulf of America Trail after outcry". Herald-Tribune. Retrieved March 4, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  71. ↑ Fisher, Zach (February 4, 2025). "'Gulf of America', 'Mt. McKinley' could be required in classroom instruction by Iowa lawmakers". Rock Island, Illinois: WHBF-TV . Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  72. ↑ Hillburn, Greg (February 11, 2025). "Here's what Governor Jeff Landry said Louisiana will do to adopt Gulf of America name". Detroit Free Press . Detroit. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  73. 1 2 3 O'Donoghue, Julie (February 17, 2025). "On Louisiana's coast, communities embrace 'Gulf of America' rebrand". Louisiana Illuminator . Baton Rouge, Louisiana: States Newsroom. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  74. ↑ Adams, Mikaila (February 19, 2025) [January 2025]. "Journally Speaking: The Gulf". Oil & Gas Journal . Tulsa, Oklahoma. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  75. ↑ Wallis, Beth (January 24, 2025). "Walters announces history standards update to comply with Trump executive order, details unclear". StateImpact Oklahoma. Norman, Oklahoma: KGOU . Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  76. ↑ Aldrich, Marta W. (February 21, 2025). "Tennessee teachers should follow Trump's 'Gulf of America' order, GOP leader says". Chalkbeat . Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  77. ↑ Abrams, Cameron (January 30, 2025). "State Lawmaker Seeks to Formalize Trump's 'Gulf of America' in Texas Constitution". The Texan . Austin, Texas. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  78. ↑ "Депутат из Саратова предложил переименовать Черное море в Русское" [Deputy from Saratov proposes to rename the Black Sea to Russian Sea]. The Moscow Times (in Russian). Amsterdam. January 21, 2025. Retrieved February 16, 2025.
  79. ↑ Butterfield, Michelle (February 12, 2025). "Trolling Trump, Illinois governor declares Lake Michigan is now Lake Illinois". Vancouver, British Columbia: Global News . Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  80. ↑ Barrett, Amanda (January 23, 2025). "AP style guidance on Gulf of Mexico, Mount McKinley" (Press release). Associated Press. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  81. ↑ "The AP establishes style guidance on the Gulf of Mexico and Mount McKinley". Associated Press. January 23, 2025. Retrieved January 23, 2025.
  82. ↑ Keith, Tamara; Walter, Amy (February 17, 2025). "Tamara Keith and Amy Walter on Trump's expanding executive powers". PBS News Hour (Interview). Interviewed by Bennett, Geoff. Washington, D.C.: NewsHour Productions.
  83. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Benton, Joshua (February 13, 2025). "Trump wants news outlets to get on board with 'Gulf of America' — or else. Will they?". Nieman Journalism Lab . Cambridge, Massachusetts: Nieman Foundation for Journalism. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  84. ↑ Hinckley, Story (February 22, 2025). "A gulf widens between Trump and the press, with high stakes for free speech". The Christian Science Monitor . Boston. Retrieved February 26, 2025.
  85. 1 2 Murdock, Sebastian (February 15, 2025). "Axios Caves To Trump, Will Refer To Gulf Of Mexico As 'Gulf Of America'". HuffPost . New York City. Retrieved February 16, 2025.
  86. ↑ Power, William (January 28, 2025). "Mount McKinley, 'Gulf of America'". Style & Substance . Vol. 38, no. 1. New York City: Dow Jones & Company. Retrieved March 3, 2025.
  87. ↑ Dance, Scott (February 1, 2025). "Yes, really, it's going to be called the Gulf of America". The Washington Post . Washington, D.C. Retrieved March 3, 2025.
  88. ↑ Barr, Jeremy (February 13, 2025). "Associated Press and the White House remain in standoff over access". The Washington Post . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  89. ↑ "White House blocks AP reporter from Oval Office event over 'Gulf of America' policy". Voice of America . Washington, D.C. February 12, 2025. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  90. ↑ Stelter, Brian (February 14, 2025). "The White House bans the AP indefinitely over the use of 'Gulf of Mexico'". Atlanta: CNN . Retrieved February 14, 2025.
  91. ↑ Folkenflik, David (February 21, 2025). "AP sues Trump White House for denying access over 'Gulf of Mexico' row". NPR . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  92. ↑ Friedlich, Jim (February 17, 2025). "Amid intensifying assaults on the press, is it time for a 'NATO for news'?". The Philadelphia Inquirer (op-ed). Philadelphia. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  93. ↑ Sullivan, Margaret (February 21, 2025). "The 'Gulf of America' feud is about something bigger: Trump wants to control the media". The Guardian (op-ed). London. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  94. ↑ Elias, Jennifer (January 28, 2025). "Google reclassifies U.S. as 'sensitive country' alongside China, Russia after Trump's 'Gulf of America' comments". Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: CNBC . Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  95. ↑ "Google Maps to rename 'Gulf of Mexico' to 'Gulf of America' for US users". Reuters . January 27, 2025. Retrieved January 27, 2025.
  96. ↑ "Gulf of America name change in the U.S. — what you'll see in Maps". The Keyword (Press release). Google. February 10, 2025. Retrieved February 10, 2025.
  97. ↑ "Google Maps: 20 years of plotting a course through geopolitics". Paris: Radio France Internationale. February 15, 2025. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  98. ↑ Gurman, Mark (February 11, 2025). "Apple Is Renaming Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America on Maps App". Bloomberg News . Retrieved February 11, 2025.
  99. ↑ Rogers, Reece (February 11, 2025). "Here's How All Online Maps Are Handling the 'Gulf of Mexico' Name Change". Wired . San Francisco. Retrieved February 12, 2025.
  100. 1 2 Gruber, John (February 17, 2025). "Golfo del Gringo Loco". Daring Fireball . Philadelphia: The Daring Fireball Company. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  101. ↑ Breyer, Sean (February 18, 2025). "Upcoming Feb 20th Release of Esri Vector Basemaps". ArcGIS Blog. Redlands, California: Esri . Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  102. ↑ Kan, Michael (February 18, 2025). "MapQuest Lets You Name The Gulf of Mexico Whatever You Want". PCMag . New York City: Ziff Davis. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  103. ↑ Andrés López, Juan (February 20, 2025). "De Golfo de México a Golfo de América: ¿Qué países han tomado postura?" [From Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America: Which countries have taken a side?]. Periódico Correo (in Spanish). Guanajuato. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  104. ↑ Sánchez, Fabiola (February 13, 2025). "Bristling at 'Gulf of Mexico' name change on maps, Mexico says it might sue Google". New York City: Associated Press . Retrieved February 17, 2025.
  105. ↑ Poon, Linda (February 12, 2025). "How Trump Put 'Gulf of America' on the Map". CityLab MapLab. New York City: Bloomberg. Retrieved February 14, 2025.
  106. ↑ Council, Stephen (February 11, 2025). "Google Maps users review bomb 'Gulf of America' name change". SFGate . San Francisco. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  107. ↑ McMahon, Liv (February 13, 2025). "Google Maps blocks Gulf of America reviews after rename criticism". BBC News . London: BBC. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  108. ↑ Mendoza González, Rodrigo (February 16, 2025). "Contraataque por Golfo de América, cambian Mall of America por Mall of Mexico" [Counterattacking the Gulf of America, Mall of America is changed to Mall of Mexico]. El Heraldo de México (in Spanish). Mexico City. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  109. ↑ "Pranksters Change the Name of Mall of America to 'Mall of México' on Google Maps". Daily Boulder. Dallas. February 17, 2025. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  110. ↑ Ordonez, Brenda (February 17, 2025). Google changes 'Voice of America' name online, reverses decision. FOX19 Now at 5pm. Cincinnati: WXIX-TV. 35 minutes in. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  111. ↑ "Greater Cincinnati park Voice of America changes to Voice of Mexico on Google". Cincinnati: WKRC-TV. February 17, 2025. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  112. ↑ "President Trump's Executive Orders Concerning Geographic Name Changes" (Press release). Rand McNally Publishing.
  113. ↑ Tang, Francis; Ninivaggi, Gabriele (February 5, 2025). "Japan noncommittal on Trump's renaming of Gulf of Mexico". The Japan Times . Tokyo. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  114. ↑ García Álvarez, Miguel (February 20, 2025). "Trump, Google Maps and the names of places". A Cartographer's Tale. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  115. ↑ LaMourie, Matthew J.; Broadus, James M.; Luebering, J. E. (February 18, 2025). "Gulf of Mexico / Gulf of America". Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  116. ↑ Arco, Matt (February 13, 2025). "Encyclopaedia Britannica tells Trump to take a hike". NJ.com . Iselin, New Jersey: Advance Publications. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  117. ↑ "A Gulf Between Us". Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. February 12, 2025. Archived from the original on February 12, 2025.
  118. ↑ Martin, Saleen (January 22, 2025). "What to know about the online pop-up shop selling 'Gulf of America' merch". Austin American-Statesman . Austin, Texas. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  119. ↑ "2025 Guide Map of United States of America with Gulf of America". Longitude Maps. Plymouth, Minnesota: East View Map Link.
  120. ↑ Milliot, Jim; Maher, John (February 27, 2025). "Cultural Organizations Protest Trump Efforts to Confine Speech for Federal Grantees". Publishers Weekly . New York City. Retrieved March 3, 2025.
  121. ↑ Berg, Bailey (February 5, 2025). "So Is It Denali or Mount McKinley, Now? It Depends on Who You Ask". AFAR . San Francisco. Retrieved February 15, 2025.
  122. ↑ Bleiberg, Larry (February 6, 2025). "The Alabama museum grappling with the 'Gulf of America'". London: BBC . Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  123. ↑ Aronoff, Kate (February 26, 2025). "The Nature Conservancy's Embarrassing Capitulation to Trump". The New Republic . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 26, 2025.
  124. ↑ Holzman, Jael (February 27, 2025). "Nature Conservancy Allegedly Told to Say 'Gulf of America' or Lose Federal Funding". Heatmap News. Retrieved March 3, 2025.
  125. ↑ Cochrane, Emily (January 20, 2025). "In Renaming Denali for McKinley, Trump Invokes a Presidential Idol". The New York Times . New York City. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  126. ↑ Frum, David (February 13, 2025). "The 'Gulf of America' Is an Admission of Defeat". The Atlantic . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  127. ↑ Abramson, Jeffrey; Davis, Jack E. (February 26, 2026). "Trump's 'Gulf of America' debacle is no joke – this is how authoritarians get started". The Guardian (op-ed). London. Retrieved February 26, 2025.
  128. ↑ Charney, Michael W. (January 24, 2025). "Gulf of Mexico to Gulf of America? Why History Should Count". FORSEA. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  129. ↑ Ahlawat, Dalbir (February 3, 2025). "What's in a name? In the South China Sea, a whole lot". The Japan Times . Tokyo. Retrieved February 17, 2025.
  130. 1 2 Lange, Jason; Oliphant, James (January 28, 2025). "Americans sour on some of Trump's early moves, Reuters/Ipsos poll finds". London: Reuters . Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  131. 1 2 Conway, Kevin (February 12, 2025). "New Marquette Law School Poll national survey finds public strongly favors some Trump policies, strongly opposes others" (Press release). Milwaukee: Marquette University . Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  132. 1 2 Orth, Taylor; Montgomery, David (February 5, 2025). "Trump policies, Musk and Kennedy, federal agencies, the national mood, and flying: February 2-4, 2025 Economist/YouGov Poll". London: YouGov. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  133. 1 2 Mueller, Julia (February 24, 2025). "Trump holds 52 percent approval rating after first month in office". The Hill . Washington, D.C. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
  134. ↑ Donald Trump’s 2nd Term (PDF) (Report). São Paulo: AtlasIntel. January 23, 2025. p. 15. Retrieved February 14, 2025.
  135. ↑ January 2025 Voter Omnibus Topline - External (PDF) (Report). Alexandria, Virginia: Echelon Insights. January 24, 2025. Retrieved February 14, 2025.
  136. ↑ Kates, Margaret (January 29, 2025). "Latest poll: Renaming Gulf of Mexico opposed by most Americans". al.com (Digital). Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  137. ↑ Franklin, Charles (February 12, 2025). "New Marquette Law School Poll national survey finds public strongly favors some Trump policies, strongly opposes others". Marquette University Law School Poll (Press release). Milawkee: Marquette University. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  138. ↑ The Economist/YouGov Poll (PDF) (Report). London: YouGov. February 4, 2025. p. 90. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  139. ↑ "Poll: Trump Winning Over Black Men, DEI Skeptics, and Border Hawks as Democrats Lose Ground" (Press release). Washington, D.C.: Cygnal.
  140. ↑ Survey of Likely 2026 General Election Voters (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: Cygnal. February 10, 2025. p. 37. Retrieved February 14, 2025.
  141. ↑ Lange, Jason; Erickson, Bo (February 23, 2025). "Trump gets middling grades on Americans' top issues, Reuters/Ipsos poll finds". London: Reuters . Retrieved February 23, 2025.
  142. ↑ The Economist/YouGov Poll (PDF) (Report). London: YouGov. February 18, 2025. p. 96. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  143. ↑ Harvard CAPS/Harris Poll (PDF) (Report). Stagwell. February 24, 2025. p. 22. Retrieved February 24, 2025.
  144. ↑ Siena College New York State Poll (PDF) (Report). Loudonville, New York: Siena College Research Institute. February 3, 2025. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  145. ↑ Berman, Dave (February 18, 2025). "Poll finds first lady Casey DeSantis more popular than other potential governor candidates". Florida Today . Viera, Florida. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  146. ↑ Ennis, Amanda (February 18, 2025). "UNF Poll: Florida voters most concerned about housing and insurance costs" (PDF) (Press release). Jacksonville, Florida: University of North Florida Public Opinion Research Lab. p. 8. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  147. ↑ Cullen, Margie (February 20, 2025). "NH poll: Granite staters 'bitterly divided' over Trump's second term, executive orders". The Portsmouth Herald . Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  148. ↑ McKinley, Sean P.; Smith, Andrew E.; Azem, Zachary S.; Keirns, Tracy (February 19, 2025). NH Bitterly Divided in Early Days of Second Trump Term, Republicans Extremely Optimistic on County's Future. The Granite State Poll (Report). Durham, New Hampshire: University of New Hampshire . Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  149. ↑ Cover, Susan (February 20, 2025). "Maine PoliticsMaine Republicans think Trump is doing a good job. Democrats, not so much". Spectrum News Maine . Augusta, Maine: Charter Communications. Retrieved February 20, 2025.
  150. ↑ McKinley, Sean P.; Smith, Andrew E.; Azem, Zachary S.; Keirns, Tracy (February 19, 2025). Republicans in Maine Ecstatic, Democrats Despondent, Over Direction of Country in Early Days of Trump Term. The Pine Tree State Poll (Report). Durham, New Hampshire: University of New Hampshire. p. 10. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  151. ↑ Cullen, Margie (February 21, 2025). "VT poll: Vermonters overwhelmingly disapprove of Trump as president. See stats". The Burlington Free Press . Williston, Vermont. Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  152. ↑ McKinley, Sean P.; Smith, Andrew E.; Azem, Zachary S.; Keirns, Tracy (February 19, 2025). Vermonters Oppose Trump Executive Orders, Two-Thirds Disapprove of Overall Performance. The Green Mountain State Poll (Report). Durham, New Hampshire: University of New Hampshire . Retrieved February 21, 2025.
  153. ↑ Miller, Rich (February 18, 2025). "Poll unsurprisingly finds Trump/Musk and their actions unpopular in Illinois, except for a close division on immigration". Capitol Fax . Springfield, Illinois: Ahead of Our Time Publishing. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  154. ↑ M3 Strategies (February 18, 2025). "Illinois Poll – February 15–17, 2025". Letter to Dave Nayak. Retrieved February 19, 2025.{{cite press release}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  155. ↑ Ruskin, Liz (February 3, 2025). "We asked: Mount McKinley or Denali? You said: Denali". Anchorage, Alaska: Alaska Public Media. Retrieved February 9, 2025.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.