This is a timeline of Microsoft, a multinational computer technology corporation.
Year | Month and date | Event type | Details |
---|---|---|---|
1972 | N/A | Company | Bill Gates and Paul Allen first founded Traf-O-Data, which only exists from 1972 until 1975. |
1975 | April 4 | Company | Bill Gates and Paul Allen founded Microsoft. [1] As a result of Microsoft's founding, Traf-O-Data became defunct. |
1975 | April 4 | Products | Microsoft released its first product which is called the Altair BASIC. |
1978 | November 1 | International | The company's first international office was founded on November 1, 1978, in Japan, entitled "ASCII Microsoft" (now called "Microsoft Japan"). |
1980 | August | Products | Microsoft signs a contract with IBM to develop an operating system for IBM's first personal computer. This, in turn, was the beginning for both the Bundling of Microsoft Windows, and Wintelism, as IBM personal computers and Intel were also bundled with each other. |
1980 | August | Products | Having purchased a license for Version 7 Unix from AT&T in 1979, Microsoft announced on August 25, 1980, that it would make it available for the 16-bit microcomputer market, named Xenix. |
1981 | July 27 | Products | Microsoft buys the rights for QDOS from Seattle Computer Products (without telling SCP that it had a lucrative contract with IBM). This would later become MS-DOS. [2] |
1981 | August 12 | Company | IBM announces the release of the IBM Personal Computer, which becomes the dominant personal computer. As DOS was the only operating system available on the PC when it was introduced in New York City, this paves way to the future domination by the MS-DOS operating system. [3] [4] |
1982 | April | International | Microsoft formally launches its International Division and sets up subsidiaries in Europe and elsewhere, finding local agents to handle its business interests [4] |
1982 | November | Products | Microsoft releases Microsoft Flight Simulator version 1.0, and marks the beginning of one of the longest-running PC video game series of all time. |
1983 | January | Products | Compaq releases its first PC-compatible machine with IBM compatible clones, which hurt IBM but helped Microsoft (as it had to license DOS from Microsoft), but any application developed to run on the PC could still run on Compaq machines. [4] |
1983 | January 26 | Competition | Lotus Software releases Lotus 1-2-3, a spreadsheet program that becomes the IBM PC's first killer application, and which established the spreadsheet standard for the PC. By the late 1980s, it would eventually lose out to Microsoft Excel. [4] |
1983 | May 30 | Products | Microsoft announces Multi-Tool Word, which later becomes Microsoft Word. [4] |
1983 | November 10 | Products | Bill Gates first introduced the first version of Microsoft Windows and it is planned to be released 2 years later. [5] |
1984 | January 24 | Competition | Steve Jobs introduces the original Macintosh, the first mass-market computer with a graphical user interface. Microsoft would later adopt many of its features into Windows.[ citation needed ] |
1985 | September | Products | Microsoft releases Microsoft Excel, which would compete with, and later overtake, Lotus 1-2-3. [4] |
1985 | November 20 | Products | Microsoft launches the first version of its Windows operating system, Windows 1.0, which runs on top of MS-DOS and had a primitive GUI. [6] |
1986 | February | Company | Microsoft moves its headquarters to a suburban campus in Redmond, Washington. [6] |
1986 | March 13 | Company | Microsoft goes public with an IPO, raising $61 million at $21 a share. [6] |
1987 | April 2 | Products | Microsoft announces OS/2.[ citation needed ] |
1987 | December 9 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 2.0.[ citation needed ] |
1988 | March | Competition, Legal | Apple sues Microsoft, contending that Microsoft's Windows 2.03 program violated Apple's copyrights on the Macintosh interface. [7] |
1990 | May 22 | Products | Microsoft launches Windows 3.0.[ citation needed ] It gives the user virtual memory, improved graphics, and the ability to multitask. |
1990 | November 19 | Products | Microsoft releases Microsoft Office, which bundles together Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft PowerPoint for the first time. [8] |
1991 | September | Company | Microsoft creates Microsoft Research. It declares that it would support research without regard to product cycles. [9] [10] |
1992 | April 6 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 3.1. |
1993 | March 22 | Products | Microsoft releases Microsoft Encarta, the first digital multimedia encyclopedia.[ citation needed ] |
1993 | July 27 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows NT 3.1, the first version of Windows available only to business users. |
1994 | September 24 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows NT 3.5. |
1995 | May 30 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows NT 3.51, the last version of Windows to not have a Start Menu. |
1995 | August 24 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 95, which features a new interface with a novel start button. [6] Microsoft also debuted The Microsoft Network, a search engine and web portal for a wide variety of products and services. [11] |
1995 | December 15 | Products | Microsoft announces partnership with NBC (National Broadcasting Company) to create a new 24-hour cable news television station, MSNBC. [12] |
1996 | October 22 | Company | Microsoft launches Expedia, an online travel company, as its first Internet property. [13] |
1996 | May | Products | Microsoft launches the Internet Gaming Zone, which would later become the MSN Gaming Zone. [14] |
1997 | August 6 | Competition, Partnerships | Apple Inc announces that it will enter in a partnership with Microsoft. Microsoft releases Microsoft Office for Macintosh, ships Internet Explorer as the default browser for the Macintosh, and invests $150 million in Apple. [15] |
1998 | June 25 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 98. [16] It includes support for USB devices, back and forward navigation buttons, the address bar in Windows Explorer, and the Windows Driver Model. |
1998 | N/A | International | Microsoft launches its Indian headquarters, which becomes its second-largest after its US headquarters. [17] |
1998 | May 18 | Legal | United States v. Microsoft Corp. , an antitrust trial, begins against Microsoft, with the US Department of Justice suing Microsoft for illegally thwarting competition in order to protect and extend its software (for reasons including bundling Internet Explorer with Microsoft Windows and requiring personal computer manufacturers to agree to adopt a uniform "boot-up" or "first screen" sequence specified by Microsoft). [18] |
1999 | July 22 | Products | Microsoft releases MSN Messenger, an IM client. [19] |
2000 | January 13 | Team | Bill Gates hands over his CEO position to Steve Ballmer. [20] |
2000 | September 14 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows ME.[ citation needed ] It has improved support for digital media. |
2001 | May | Acquisitions | Microsoft acquires Ensemble Studios. [21] |
2001 | October 25 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows XP.[ citation needed ] |
2001 | November 15 | Products | Microsoft launches the first Xbox. [22] |
2002 | February 13 | Products | Microsoft launches the .NET initiative, which creates an entirely new API for Windows programming, and includes a new programming language C#.[ citation needed ] |
2002 | November 1 | Legal | The Department of Justice reaches an agreement with Microsoft to settle the United States v. Microsoft Corp. case. The proposed settlement required Microsoft to share its application programming interfaces with third-party companies and appoint a panel of three people who will have full access to Microsoft's systems, records, and source code for five years in order to ensure compliance. [23] |
2003 | June 23 | Products | Microsoft announces Windows Mobile.[ citation needed ] |
2005 | November 22 | Products | Microsoft launches the Xbox 360. [24] |
2006 | May 14 | Company | Microsoft launches adCenter, an online advertising service that provides pay per click advertising. Until then, all the ads displayed on the MSN search engine were supplied by Overture (and later Yahoo!). [25] |
2007 | January 30 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows Vista to the general public. [26] and was made available for purchase and download from Microsoft's website. [27] |
2008 | June 27 | Team | Bill Gates retires as chief software architect and devotes more of his time to philanthropy. [6] |
2008 | September 2 | Competition | Google launches Google Chrome, a browser that would cut into the web browser operating share of Internet Explorer. [28] |
2009 | October 22 | Products | Microsoft launches Windows 7 to the general public. [29] |
2009 | May 28 | Products | Microsoft unveils Microsoft Bing, a search engine to replace MSN. [30] |
2010 | February | Products | Microsoft launches Microsoft Azure, its foray into cloud computing. [31] |
2010 | March | Competition | Google lifts censorship on issues sensitive to the Chinese government, and is blocked by China, allowing the way for domination by alternative search engines, including Baidu. [32] |
2010 | November | Products | Microsoft announces Windows Phone, a family of mobile operating systems as the replacement successor to Windows Mobile. [33] |
2011 | May 10 | Acquisitions | Microsoft acquires Skype for $8.5 billion. [34] |
2012 | October 26 | Products | Microsoft launches Microsoft Surface, a series of Windows-based personal computing devices designed and manufactured by Microsoft under its hardware division. [35] |
2013 | September | Acquisitions | Microsoft acquires Nokia in an attempt to expand its presence in mobile. [36] |
2013 | November 22 | Products | Microsoft launches the Xbox One. [37] |
2013 | December 13 | Competition | Valve announces SteamOS, an operating system to compete with Windows. [38] |
2014 | February 4 | Team | Satya Nadella succeeded Steve Ballmer as CEO of Microsoft. [39] |
2014 | April | Products | Microsoft announces Cortana, an intelligent personal assistant. [40] |
2014 | September | Company | Microsoft reassigns half of its staff in Microsoft Research to a new group called MSR NeXT, to focus on products with greater impact to the company rather than pure research. [41] |
2014 | September | Products | The Windows Insider program is announced, which allows users to test Windows 10 and provide feedback to Microsoft developers. [42] As of 2015, the program had over 7 million users. [43] |
2014 | September | Acquisitions | Microsoft buys Mojang for $2.5 billion dollars [44] [45] |
2014 | October 31 | Services | Microsoft discontinues MSN Messenger and invites users to Skype. [46] [47] |
2015 | January 21 | Products | HoloLens, the world's first holographic headset is announced and Microsoft announces that Windows 10 will be a free upgrade for customers with Windows 7, Windows 8.1 or Windows Phone 8.1 (excluding enterprise). [48] [49] |
2015 | July 29 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 10, which acts as a "universal" application architecture across multiple Microsoft product families. [50] |
2015 | September 23 | International | Microsoft announces partnership with Baidu, making Baidu the default homepage for users of its Microsoft Edge browser in China, and which introduces Baidu search applications to Windows 10. [51] |
2015 | October 26 | Retail | The first flagship Microsoft Store opens in New York City [52] |
2015 | November 19 | Company | Microsoft, alongside ARM Holdings, Dell, Intel, Cisco Systems, and Princeton University, founded the OpenFog Consortium, to promote interests and development in fog computing. [53] |
2016 | February 3 | Acquisitions | Microsoft announced to buy SwiftKey, a startup based out of London that makes keyboard apps for Android and iOS devices. [54] |
2016 | February 24 | Acquisitions | Microsoft announces to buy Xamarin, a company that allows developers to build fully native apps across several platforms from a single shared code base. [55] |
2016 | June 13 | Acquisitions | Microsoft announces the acquisition of LinkedIn at $26.2 billion ($60 per user). [56] [57] [58] |
2016 | October 26 | Products | The Surface Studio and Surface Dial are announced [59] |
2016 | November 2 | Products | Microsoft Teams, a cloud-based team collaboration tool, is launched as part of Office 365 [60] |
2017 | June 29 | Acquisitions | Microsoft bought Israeli cloud startup Cloudyn, a company that helps customers manage their cloud billing across multiple clouds. [61] |
2018 | August | Company | Microsoft was partnered with a Japanese company, Toyota Tsusho to create fish farming tools using the Microsoft Azure application suite for IoT technologies that are related to the management of water. |
2019 | November 2 | Services | Microsoft releases a new version of Microsoft Edge. [62] Also, a new logo of Microsoft Edge was introduced. [63] |
2020 | February 12 | Products | Microsoft announced the beta version of Windows 10X. [64] |
2020 | April 4 | Company | Microsoft celebrated its 45th anniversary (1975-2020)[ citation needed ] |
2020 | June 26 | Company | Microsoft has announced that all stores will be closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. [65] |
2020 | November 10 | Products | Microsoft launches the Xbox Series X and Series S. |
2021 | May 18 | Products | Microsoft cancels Windows 10X, which was planned to be released in 2021. The company said that they would be "accelerating the integration of key foundational 10X technology into other parts of Windows and products at the company". [66] |
2021 | October 5 | Products | Microsoft releases Windows 11, the first major release since 2015. (Changed the windows logo) |
2023 | October 12 | Acquisitions | Microsoft acquires Activision Blizzard for $68.7 billion. Franchises include Warcraft, Diablo, Overwatch, Call of Duty, and Candy Crush. |
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Redmond, Washington. Microsoft's best-known software products are the Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft 365 suite of productivity applications, and the Edge web browser. Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface lineup of touchscreen personal computers. Microsoft ranked No. 14 in the 2022 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue; and it was the world's largest software maker by revenue in 2022 according to Forbes Global 2000. It is considered one of the Big Five American information technology companies, alongside Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, and Meta.
Steven Anthony Ballmer is a Swiss-American business executive and investor who was the chief executive officer of Microsoft from 2000 to 2014. He is the owner of the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a co-founder of Ballmer Group, a philanthropic investment company.
Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited. In 1999, it became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first 15 years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, leaving Bethesda Softworks to focus on publishing operations.
Xbox Game Studios is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, and web-based portals.
Zillow Group, Inc., or simply Zillow, is an American tech real-estate marketplace company that was founded in 2006 by Rich Barton, Zillow's current CEO, and Lloyd Frink, former Microsoft executives and founders of Microsoft spin-off Expedia; Spencer Rascoff, a co-founder of Hotwire.com; David Beitel, Zillow's current chief technology officer; and Kristin Acker, Zillow's current technology leadership advisor.
Microsoft is a multinational computer technology corporation. Microsoft was founded on April 4, 1975, by Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Its current best-selling products are the Microsoft Windows operating system; Microsoft Office, a suite of productivity software; Xbox, a line of entertainment of games, music, and video; Bing, a line of search engines; and Microsoft Azure, a cloud services platform.
The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft. As the successor to the original Xbox, it is the second console in the Xbox series. It competed with Sony's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles. It was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12, 2005, with detailed launch and game information announced later that month at the 2005 Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3).
ZeniMax Media Inc. is an American video game holding company based in Rockville, Maryland, and founded in 1999.
Microsoft engineering groups are the operating divisions of Microsoft. Starting in April 2002, Microsoft organised itself into seven groups, each an independent financial entity. In September 2005, Microsoft announced a reorganization of its then seven groups into three. In July 2013, Microsoft announced another reorganization into five engineering groups and six corporate affairs groups. A year later, in June 2015, Microsoft reformed into three engineering groups. In September 2016, a new group was created to focus on artificial intelligence and research. On March 29, 2018, a new structure merged all of these into three.
MSN Messenger, later rebranded as Windows Live Messenger, was a cross-platform instant-messaging client developed by Microsoft. It connected to the now-discontinued Microsoft Messenger service and, in later versions, was compatible with Yahoo! Messenger and Facebook Messenger. The service was discontinued in 2013 and was replaced by Skype.
Minecraft is a 2011 sandbox game developed by Mojang Studios and originally released in 2009. The game was created by Markus "Notch" Persson in the Java programming language. Following several early private testing versions, it was first made public in May 2009 before being fully released on November 18, 2011, with Notch stepping down and Jens "Jeb" Bergensten taking over development. Minecraft has become the best-selling video game in history, with over 300 million copies sold and nearly 140 million monthly active players as of 2023. It has been ported to several platforms.
Mojang Studios is a Swedish video game developer based in Stockholm. The studio is best known for developing the sandbox and survival game Minecraft, the best-selling video game of all time.
Groove Music is a discontinued audio player software application included with Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 and Windows 11.
Microsoft mobile services are a set of proprietary mobile services created specifically for mobile devices; they are typically offered through mobile applications and mobile browser for Windows Phone platforms, BREW, and Java. Microsoft's mobile services are typically connected with a Microsoft account and often come preinstalled on Microsoft's own mobile operating systems while they are offered via various means for other platforms. Microsoft started to develop for mobile computing platforms with the launch of Windows CE in 1996 and later added Microsoft's Pocket Office suite to their Handheld PC line of PDAs in April 2000. From December 2014 to June 2015, Microsoft made a number of corporate acquisitions, buying several of the top applications listed in Google Play and the App Store including Acompli, Sunrise Calendar, Datazen, Wunderlist, Echo Notification Lockscreen, and MileIQ.
Xbox is a video gaming brand that consists of five home video game consoles, as well as applications (games), streaming service Xbox Cloud Gaming, and online services such as the Xbox network and Xbox Game Pass. The brand is produced by Microsoft Gaming, a division of Microsoft.
Satya Narayana Nadella is an Indian-American business executive. He is the executive chairman and CEO of Microsoft, succeeding Steve Ballmer in 2014 as CEO and John W. Thompson in 2021 as chairman. Before becoming CEO, he was the executive vice president of Microsoft's cloud and enterprise group, responsible for building and running the company's computing platforms.
The Xbox One is a home video game console developed by Microsoft. Announced in May 2013, it is the successor to Xbox 360 and the third console in the Xbox series. It was first released in North America, parts of Europe, Australia, and South America in November 2013 and in Japan, China, and other European countries in September 2014. It is the first Xbox game console to be released in China, specifically in the Shanghai Free-Trade Zone. Microsoft marketed the device as an "all-in-one entertainment system", hence the name "Xbox One". An eighth-generation console, it mainly competed against Sony's PlayStation 4 and Nintendo's Wii U and later the Switch.
Phil Spencer is an American business executive and the CEO of Microsoft Gaming. Starting his career at Microsoft as an intern in 1988, Spencer has worked in various sectors within the company, including developing Microsoft's first CD-ROM-based titles. He joined the Xbox team in 2001.