Trichostema

Trichostema
Trichostema lanatum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Lamiaceae
Subfamily:	Ajugoideae
Genus:	Trichostema L.
Type species
Trichostema dichotomum L. [1]
Synonyms [2]
IsanthusMichx. EplingiaL.O.Williams

Trichostema is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, which are aromatic herbs or subshrubs. These plants are native to North America. ^{[2] [3]} Most species in this genus are referred to by the common name bluecurls because of their blue to purple flowers and relatively long, curled stamens. ^[4]

There are 26 species recognized in the genus. ^[5] These species are divided into 6 sections based on life history, morphology, chromosome number, and genetics. ^{[6] [7]} Research on Trichostema in Florida in the early 2020s concluded that there were 10 species native to the state (previously there were only three recognized). ^{[8] [9]} This determination was based on genetic, morphological, ecological, and phenological data. ^[9]

Species

Species include: ^{[2] [9]}

• Trichostema arizonicum A. Gray – Arizona, New Mexico, Sonora, Chihuahua
• Trichostema austromontanum F.H. Lewis ex K.S. McClell. & Weakley – California, Baja California
• Trichostema bridgesii-orzellii K.S. McClell. - Florida
• Trichostema coeruleum L. - central, eastern, and southwestern North America
• Trichostema dichotomum L. – Quebec, Ontario, eastern and south-central United States
• Trichostema floridanum K.S. McClell. & Weakley - Florida, Bahamas
• Trichostema fruticosum K.S. McClell. - Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia
• Trichostema gracile K.S. McClell. - Florida
• Trichostema hobe K.S. McClell. - Florida (Martin County)
• Trichostema lanatum Benth. – California, Baja California
• Trichostema lanceolatum Benth. – Washington, Oregon, California, Baja California
• Trichostema latens K.S. McClell. - Florida (Franklin County)
• Trichostema laxum A. Gray – Oregon, California
• Trichostema mexicanum Epling – northeastern Mexico
• Trichostema micranthum A. Gray – Arizona, California, Baja California
• Trichostema microphyllum K.S. McClell. - Florida
• Trichostema nesophilum K.S. McClell. & Weakley – North Carolina, South Carolina ^[10]
• Trichostema oblongum Benth. – British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho
• Trichostema ovatum Curran – California
• Trichostema parishii Vasey – California, Baja California
• Trichostema purpusii Brandegee – central and southern Mexico
• Trichostema rubisepalum Elmer – central California
• Trichostema ruygtii F.H. Lewis – northern California (Lake, Napa, Solano Counties)
• Trichostema setaceum Houtt. – eastern and south-central United States
• Trichostema simulatum Jeps. – Oregon, California
• Trichostema suffrutescens Kearney – Florida

References

1. lectotype designated by N. L. Britton et A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N.U.S. ed. 2. 3: 104 (1913)
2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
3. Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
4. NRCS. "Trichostema". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 14 December 2015.
5. "Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2025-12-12.
6. Lewis, Harlan (1945-03-01). "A revision of the genus trichostema". Brittonia. 5 (3): 276–303. doi:10.2307/2804884. ISSN   1938-436X.
7. Weakley, A. S.; Kees, J. C.; Sorrie, B. A.; Ward, S. G.; Poindexter, D. B.; Brock, M.; Estes, L. D.; Bridges, E. L.; Orzell, S. L.; Levin, G. A.; McClelland, R. K. S.; Schmidt, R. J.; Namestnik, S. A. (2023). "Studies in the vascular flora of the southeastern United States. IX". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 17 (1): 191–257.
8. https://www.flawildflowers.org/seven-new-trichostema-species/
9. Mcclelland, R. Kevan Schoonover; Weakley, Alan S.; Poindexter, Derick B. (2023-07-18). "Seven new species of Trichostema (Lamiaceae: Ajugoideae) from the North American Coastal Plain biodiversity hotspot". Phytotaxa. 603 (2): 95–149. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.603.2.1. ISSN   1179-3163.
10. Weakley, Alan S.; Schoonover McClelland, R. Kevan; LeBlond, Richard J.; Bradley, Keith A.; Matthews, James F.; Anderson, Chad; Franck, Alan R; Lange, James (2019). "Studies in the Vascular Flora of the Southeastern United States: V" (PDF). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 13 (1): 107–129. doi:10.17348/jbrit.v13.i1.832. S2CID   244513799.