Tripleurospermum maritimum

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Tripleurospermum maritimum
Tripleurospermum maritimum Borth.jpg
Status TNC G5.svg
Secure  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Tripleurospermum
Species:
T. maritimum
Binomial name
Tripleurospermum maritimum
Subspecies [2]
  • T. m. subsp. boreale
  • T. m. subsp. maritimum
  • T. m. subsp. nigriceps
  • T. m. subsp. vinicaule
Synonyms [2]
List
    • Chamaemelum inodorum var. maritimum
    • Chamaemelum maritimum
    • Chamomilla maritima
    • Chrysanthemum maritimum
    • Matricaria inodora var. maritima
    • Matricaria inodora proles maritima
    • Matricaria inodora subsp. maritima
    • Matricaria maritima L.

Tripleurospermum maritimum is a species of flowering plant in the aster family commonly known as false mayweed or sea mayweed. It is found in many coastal areas of Northern Europe, including Scandinavia and Iceland, often growing in sand or amongst beach pebbles.

Contents

Description

Tripleurospermum maritimum is a herbaceous plant that grows as a biennial or short-lived perennial. [3] They are usually procumbent, grow along the ground before turning upwards towards the end, but may grow straight upwards. Most often they reach 10 to 80 centimeters (4 to 31 in) in length. [4] The leaves are divided with the ending segments narrow with a fleshy, succulent texture. [5]

The daisy-like flowering heads measure from 3 to 5.5 cm (1.2 to 2.2 in) across. [5] The seeds are achenes that measure 1.8 to 3.5 mm long and can be pale to blackish-brown. [4]

Taxonomy

Tripleurospermum maritimum was given the scientific name Matricaria maritima by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. The botanist Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch moved it to the genus Tripleurospermum in 1845 giving the species its accepted name. With the rest of its genus it is part of the family Asteraceae. [2]

Names

The species name, maritimum, is Botanical Latin derived from mare meaning sea referring to its usual habitat. [6] It is known by the common names false mayweed, [7] sea mayweed, [6] seaside chamomile, [8] or false chamomile. [1]

In Iceland, sea mayweed is known as "Baldr's eyelashes" (baldursbrá), [6] though a similar name, baldersbrår, is used for all mayweed flowers in Sweden. [9]

Range and habitat

According to Plants of the World Online it is native to Europe, Greenland, and the Azores. It grows in all of the Scandinavian countries and the British Isles. South of the Baltic Sea it is native to the Baltic States, Northwest European Russia near St. Petersburg, Poland, and Germany. In the west it is also native to France, Spain, and Portugal. [2]

It usually grows near the ocean in open habitats. [4] On the seashore it grows upper parts of the habitat. It also grows in disused and human disturbed areas. [10]

References

  1. 1 2 NatureServe (2 May 2025). "Tripleurospermum maritima". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W.D.J.Koch". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  3. ↑ Clapham, A. R. (1981). Excursion Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 333. ISBN   978-0-521-23290-6 . Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  4. 1 2 3 Fedorov, Andrey A. (1976). "Campanula". In Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Moore, D.M.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M.; Webb, D.A. (eds.). Flora Europaea . Vol. 4 Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 166. ISBN   978-0-521-08717-9. OCLC   751554359 . Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  5. 1 2 Rune, Flemming (2011). Wild Flowers of Greenland = Grønlands Vilde Planter (in English and Danish) (first ed.). Hillerød, Denmark ; Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland: Gyldenlund Publishing, in collaboration with Arctic Station, University of Copenhagen. p. 294. ISBN   978-87-993172-5-7. OCLC   794007591 . Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  6. 1 2 3 Anderberg, Arne (1 March 2006) [1997]. "Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch — Kustbaldersbrå" [Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W. D. J. Koch — Coastal mayweed]. Den virtuella floran[The Virtual Flora] (in Swedish). Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  7. ↑ NRCS. "Tripleurospermum maritimum". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  8. ↑ Acadia University; Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centre; University of Toronto Mississauga; University of British Columbia (2025). "Tripleurospermum maritimum (Linnaeus) W.D.J. Koch - Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN)". Canadensys. Archived from the original on 14 February 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2025.
  9. ↑ Anderberg, Arne (26 July 2000) [1997]. "Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. — Baldersbrår" [Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. — Mayweed]. Den virtuella floran[The Virtual Flora] (in Swedish). Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. Archived from the original on 28 October 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2025.
  10. ↑ Hackney, Paul (1992). Stewart & Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland : Vascular Plant and Charophyte Sections . Belfast, Northern Ireland: Institute of Irish Studies, Queen's University of Belfast. p. 294. ISBN   978-0-85389-446-9 . Retrieved 21 June 2025.

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