Vitreous touch syndrome

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Vitreous touch syndrome
Other namesVitreous wick syndrome
Specialty Ophthalmology

Vitreous touch syndrome, is a late complication of intra capsular cataract extraction wherein the vitreous bulges through the pupillary aperture, and touches and attaches to the corneal endothelium. [1] [2] [3]

Cataract clouding of the lens inside the eye, which leads to low vision

A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision. Cataracts often develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms may include faded colors, blurry or double vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and trouble seeing at night. This may result in trouble driving, reading, or recognizing faces. Poor vision caused by cataracts may also result in an increased risk of falling and depression. Cataracts cause half of all cases of blindness and 33% of visual impairment worldwide.

Corneal endothelium a single layer of cells on the inner surface of the cornea

The corneal endothelium is a single layer of cells on the inner surface of the cornea. It faces the chamber formed between the cornea and the iris.

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Cataract surgery Eye surgery to remove cataract containing lens and replace it with synthetic lens

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Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly. It causes a loss of accommodation, far sightedness (hyperopia), and a deep anterior chamber. Complications include detachment of the vitreous or retina, and glaucoma.

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Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), originally called Femtosecond lenticule extraction (FLEx), is a form of laser based refractive eye surgery developed by Carl Zeiss Meditec used to correct myopia, and astigmatism. Although similar to LASIK laser surgery, the intrastromal procedure is novel in that it uses a single femtosecond laser referenced to the corneal surface to cleave a thin lenticule from the corneal stroma for manual extraction. It has been described as a painless procedure. For candidates to qualify for this treatment, they have their corneal stroma thickness checked to make sure that post operative thickness won’t be too thin.

Epiretinal membrane disease of the eye in response to changes in the vitreous humor or more rarely, diabetes


Epiretinal membrane is a disease of the eye in response to changes in the vitreous humor or more rarely, diabetes. Sometimes, as a result of immune system response to protect the retina, cells converge in the macular area as the vitreous ages and pulls away in posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). PVD can create minor damage to the retina, stimulating exudate, inflammation, and leucocyte response. These cells can form a transparent layer gradually and, like all scar tissue, tighten to create tension on the retina which may bulge and pucker, or even cause swelling or macular edema. Often this results in distortions of vision that are clearly visible as bowing and blurring when looking at lines on chart paper within the macular area, or central 1.0 degree of visual arc. Usually it occurs in one eye first, and may cause binocular diplopia or double vision if the image from one eye is too different from the image of the other eye. The distortions can make objects look different in size, especially in the central portion of the visual field, creating a localized or field dependent aniseikonia that cannot be fully corrected optically with glasses. Partial correction often improves the binocular vision considerably though. In the young, these cells occasionally pull free and disintegrate on their own; but in the majority of sufferers the condition is permanent. The underlying photoreceptor cells, rod cells and cone cells, are usually not damaged unless the membrane becomes quite thick and hard; so usually there is no macular degeneration.

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Couching is the earliest documented form of cataract surgery. As a cataract is a clouding in the lens of the eye, couching is a technique whereby the lens is dislodged, thus removing the opacity. Although couching is nowadays routinely practiced only in remote areas in third world countries, it was a precursor to modern cataract surgery and pars plana vitrectomy.

Vitreomacular adhesion Human medical condition

Vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) is a human medical condition where the vitreous gel of the human eye adheres to the retina in an abnormally strong manner. As the eye ages, it is common for the vitreous to separate from the retina. But if this separation is not complete, i.e. there is still an adhesion, this can create pulling forces on the retina that may result in subsequent loss or distortion of vision. The adhesion in of itself is not dangerous, but the resulting pathological vitreomacular traction (VMT) can cause severe ocular damage.

IOL Scaffold or Intraocular lens Scaffold technique is a surgical procedure in Ophthalmology. In cases where the lens bag is ruptured and the cataract of the eye is not yet removed one can inject an artificial lens or Intraocular lens (IOL) inside the eye under the cataract. This way the IOL acts as a scaffold and prevents the cataract pieces from falling inside the eye. One can then remove the cataract pieces safely by emulsifying it with ultrasound. This technique is called IOL Scaffold and was started by Dr. Amar Agarwal from Chennai, India at Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital.

A vitreous bulge is a distortion or protrusion of the vitreous membrane into the anterior chamber of the eye, caused by pressure on the eye or iris. It is a relatively common complication during or following cataract surgery or extraction.

References

  1. "Vitreocorneal Touch Syndrome". Project Orbis International Inc. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  2. "Vitreous Wick Syndrome". eMedicine. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  3. Snip, RC; Kenyon, KR; Green, WR (Feb 1975). "Retrocorneal fibrous membrane in the vitreous touch syndrome". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 79 (2): 233–44. doi:10.1016/0002-9394(75)90077-X. PMID   1115195.

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