Weissella

Weissella
Lesions of Weissella confusa in the mona monkey (hematoxylin and eosin stain): A) liver: portal triads with neutrophilic infiltration (x10); A1, presence of bacterial emboli inside the vein (arrow) (x40). B) acute pneumonia: edema, congestion, and leukocyte cells exudation in the pulmonary alveoli (x10). C) encephalitis: congestion and marginalized neutrophils in nervous vessels (x10)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Bacillati
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Lactobacillales
Family:	Lactobacillaceae
Genus:	Weissella Collins et al. 1994 [1]
Type species
Weissella viridescens (Niven and Evans 1957) Collins et al. 1994 [1]

Weissella ^[2] is a genus of gram-positive bacteria placed within the family Lactobacillaceae, formerly considered species of the Leuconostoc paramesenteroides group. ^[1] The morphology of Weissella species varies from spherical or lenticular cells to irregular rods.^{[ citation needed ]} Several strains of Weissella cibaria and Weissella confusa have shown probiotic potential. ^[3] In particular, the cell-free culture supernatant of Weissella confusa shows a number of beneficial characteristics, such as antibacterial potential and anti-inflammatory efficiency. ^[4] However, several strains of W. confusa are opportunistic bacteria. A number of studies have been done on the safety of the bacterial species, indicating their probiotic potential. ^{[5] [6]} The Senate Commission on Food Safety has validated the use of W. confusa in food. ^[7]

Species

The genus Weissella comprises the following species: ^[8]

• Weissella bombi Praet et al. 2015
• Weissella ceti Vela et al. 2011
• Weissella cibaria Björkroth et al. 2002
• Weissella coleopterorum Hyun et al. 2021
• Weissella confusa corrig. (Holzapfel and Kandler 1969) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella diestrammenae Oh et al. 2013
• Weissella fangxianensis Xiang et al. 2023
• Weissella halotolerans (Kandler et al. 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella hellenica Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella kandleri (Holzapfel and van Wyk 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella koreensis Lee et al. 2002
• Weissella minor (Kandler et al. 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella muntiaci Lin et al. 2020
• Weissella oryzae Tohno et al. 2013
• Weissella paramesenteroides (Garvie 1967) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella sagaensis Li et al. 2020
• Weissella soli Magnusson et al. 2002
• Weissella thailandensis Tanasupawat et al. 2000
• Weissella uvarum Nisiotou et al. 2014
• Weissella viridescens (Niven and Evans 1957) Collins et al. 1994

Phylogeny

The currently accepted (2021) taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ^[8] and the phylogeny is based on whole-genome sequences. ^[9]

	Weissella Weissella hellenica Weissella thailandensis Weissella paramesenteroides Weissella confusa Weissella cibaria Weissella minor Weissella viridescens Weissella ceti Weissella halotolerans Weissella oryzae Weissella kandleri Weissella koreensis Weissella soli outgroup Oenococcus

References

1. Collins, M.D.; Samelis, J.; Metaxopoulos, J.; Wallbanks, S. (1993). "Taxonomic studies on some leuconostoc-like organisms from fermented sausages: Description of a new genus Weissella for the Leuconostoc paramesenteroides group of species". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 75 (6): 595–603. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb01600.x. ISSN   1364-5072. PMID   8294308.
2. Björkroth, Johanna; Holzapfel, Wilhelm (2006). "Genera Leuconostoc, Oenococcus and Weissella". The Prokaryotes. pp. 267–319. doi:10.1007/0-387-30744-3_9. ISBN   978-0-387-25494-4.
3. Lee, Kang Wook; Park, Ji Yeong; Jeong, Hee Rok; Heo, Ho Jin; Han, Nam Soo; Kim, Jeong Hwan (2012). "Probiotic properties of Weissella strains isolated from human faeces". Anaerobe. 18 (1): 96–102. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.12.015. PMID   22200451. S2CID   30531783.
4. Dey, Debasish Kumar; Khan, Imran; Kang, Sun Chul (2019). "Anti-bacterial susceptibility profiling of Weissella confusa DD_A7 against the multidrug-resistant ESBL-positive E. coli". Microbial Pathogenesis. 128: 119–130. doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.12.048. PMID   30597254. S2CID   58591071.
5. Panthee, S; Paudel, A; Blom, J; Hamamoto, H; Sekimizu, K (2019). "Complete genome sequence of Weissella hellenica 0916-4-2 and its comparative genomic analysis". Frontiers in Microbiology. 10: 1619. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01619 . PMC   6667553 . PMID   31396169.
6. Dey, Debasish Kumar; Koo, Bon Gyo; Sharma, Chanchal; Kang, Sun Chul (2019). "Characterization of Weissella confusa DD_A7 isolated from kimchi". LWT. 111: 663–672. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2019.05.089. S2CID   182815194.
7. Vogel, R. F.; Hammes, W. P.; Habermeyer, M.; Engel, K. H.; Knorr, D.; Eisenbrand, G.; Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (2011). "Microbial food cultures--opinion of the Senate Commission on Food Safety (SKLM) of the German Research Foundation (DFG)". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 55 (4): 654–62. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201100010. PMID   21351251.
8. Euzéby JP, Parte AC. "Weissella". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved July 21, 2025.
9. Zheng J, Wittouck S, Salvetti E, Franz CM, Harris HM, Mattarelli P, O'Toole PW, Pot B, Vandamme P, Walter J, Watanabe K, Wuyts S, Felis GE, Gänzle MG, Lebeer S (2020). "A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 70 (4): 2782–2858. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 . hdl: 10067/1738330151162165141 . PMID   32293557.

External links

• Weissella confusa Infection in Primate (Cercopithecus mona)
• "Weissella". The Encyclopedia of Life .