Westmorland Parish, New Brunswick

For the county, see Westmorland County, New Brunswick. For the Jamaican parish, see Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica.

Westmorland
Parish
Location within Westmorland County, New Brunswick.
Coordinates: 46°11′N64°36′W / 46.19°N 64.60°W / 46.19; -64.60
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
County	Westmorland County
Erected	1786
Area [1]
• Land	173.27 km2 (66.90 sq mi)
Population  (2021) [1]
• Total	997
• Density	5.8/km2 (15/sq mi)
• Change 2016-2021	9.8%
• Dwellings	570
Time zone	UTC-4 (AST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-3 (ADT)
Figures do not include portion within the village of Port Elgin

Westmorland is a geographic parish in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. ^[4]

For governance purposes it is divided between the town of Tantramar, the incorporated rural community of Strait Shores, ^[5] and the Southeast rural district, ^[6] all of which are members of the Southeast Regional Service Commission. ^[7]

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, the parish was divided between the village of Port Elgin ^[8] and the local service districts of Baie-Verte, Pointe de Bute, and the parish of Westmorland. ^[9] Pointe de Bute is now part of Tantramar, while Port Elgin and Baie-Verte are part of Strait Shores.

Origin of name

Ganong considers the name to have "probably" come from Westmorland's proximity to Cumberland in England, or by the marshes in the English county. ^[10]

Westmorland County was part of Cumberland County, Nova Scotia until New Brunswick was created, and Westmorland Parish was part of the Nova Scotia township of Cumberland. ^[11]

History

Cumberland Township was organised in Nova Scotia in 1763. ^[12]

Westmorland was erected as a parish in 1786 ^[13] from the New Brunswick portion of Cumberland Township. The exact boundary with Nova Scotia was not finalised until 1862. ^{[14] [15]}

In 1880 much of the interior was transferred to Sackville Parish. ^[16]

In 1894 the existing boundaries were declared retroactive to the parish's erection. ^[17]

Boundaries

Westmorland Parish is bounded: ^{[2] [18] [19] [20]}

• on the northeast by a line running north 38º 30' west ^{[lower-alpha 1]} from the southeast angle of lot number one, granted to Otho Reed, at the mouth of Gaspereau Creek in Port Elgin;
• on the east by Baie Verte;
• on the southeast by the Nova Scotia border;
• on the southwest by Cumberland Basin;
• on the west and northwest by a line running up the Aulac River to the prolongation of Route 940 and Goose Creek Road, then by a line running northerly along the prolongation for about 4.3 kilometres, then running north 57º 30' east ^{[lower-alpha 2]} the channel of Big Jolicure Lake, then northeasterly to the mouth of Goose Creek, then up Goose Creek and Robinson Brook to a point about 300 metres south of Brooklyn Road and 300 metres west of Luciphy Road, then northeasterly about 3.6 kilometres to Brooklyn Road, then north 45º east ^{[lower-alpha 2]} to the starting point.

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish; ^{[18] [19] [20]} bold indicates an incorporated municipality

• Aulac
• Baie Verte
• Baie Verte Road
• Coburg
• Halls Hill
• Jolicure
• Mount Whatley
• Point de Bute
• Port Elgin
• Tidnish Bridge
• Uniacke Hill
• Upper Point de Bute

Bodies of water

Bodies of water ^{[lower-alpha 3]} at least partly in the parish: ^{[18] [19] [20]}

• Aulac River
• La Coupe River
• Missaguash River
• Tidnish River
• Baie Verte Creek
• Goose Creek
• King Creek
• Otter Creek
• Baie Verte
• Big Jolicure Lake
• Dwyers Lake
• Jolicure Lake

Demographics

Parish population total does not include portion within Port Elgin

Population Historical populations: Westmorland Parish, NB Year Pop. ±% 1991 1,082 —     1996 1,095 +1.2% 2001 1,006 −8.1% 2006 959 −4.7% 2011 964 +0.5% 2016 908 −5.8% [22] [23] [24]

Language Mother tongue (2016) [24] Language Population Pct (%) English only 850 93.4% French only 25 2.8% Other languages 35 3.8% Both English and French 0 0%

Access routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits: ^[25]

Highways Route 15 Route 16 (TCH)

Principal Routes None

Secondary Routes: Route 940

External Routes: None

See also

• List of parishes in New Brunswick

Notes

1. By the magnet of 1867, ^[17] when declination in the area was between 21º and 22º west of north. ^[21]
2. By the magnet of 1880, ^[16] when declination in the area was between 22º and 23º west of north. ^[21]
3. Not including brooks, ponds or coves.

References

1. "Census Profile". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
3. "Chapter I-13 Interpretation Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
4. The Territorial Division Act ^[2] divides the province into 152 parishes, the cities of Saint John and Fredericton, and one town of Grand Falls. The Interpretation Act ^[3] clarifies that parishes include any local government within their borders.
5. "Southeast Regional Service Commission: RSC 7". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
6. "Southeast Regional Service Commission: RD 7". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
7. "Regions Regulation – Regional Service Delivery Act". Government of New Brunswick. 21 July 2022. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
8. "Municipalities Order - Municipalities Act". Government of New Brunswick. 25 June 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
9. "Local Service Districts Regulation - Municipalities Act". Government of New Brunswick. 25 June 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
10. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 279. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
11. Ganong, William F. (1901). A Monograph of the Evolution of the Boundaries of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 430. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
12. Ganong, William F. (1899). A Monograph of Historic Sites in the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 335. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
13. "26 Geo. III Chapter I. An Act for the better ascertaining and confirming the Boundaries of the several Counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns or Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, passed in the year 1786. Saint John, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. 1786. pp. 3–12. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
14. "22 Vic. c. 9 An Act relating to the Boundary Line between the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1859. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1859. p. 52.
15. "25 Vic. c. 32 An Act to explain an Act intituled An Act relating to the Boundary Line between the Provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1862. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1862. p. 101.
16. "43 Vic. c. 40 An Act to alter a portion of the Boundary Line of the Parish of Sackville, Westmorland County.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1880. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1880. pp. 80–81. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
17. "57 Vic. c. 36 An Act to amend Chapter 2 of the Consolidated Statutes, of 'The division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes,' so far as relates to the County of Westmorland.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Month of April, 1894. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1894. pp. 162–163. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
18. "No. 121". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 25 June 2021. Remainder of parish on maps 122, 133, and 144 at same site.
19. "361" (PDF). Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 25 June 2021. Remainder of parish on mapbooks 362, 382, 383, and 402 at same site.
20. "Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
21. "Historical Magnetic Declination". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
22. Statistics Canada: 2001, 2006 census
23. 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Westmorland Parish, New Brunswick
24. "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Westmorland, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 5 October 2019.
25. Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas ISBN   978-1-55368-618-7

46°06′41″N63°58′32″W / 46.111326°N 63.975449°W / 46.111326; -63.975449 (Westmorland Parish, New Brunswick)