Related Research Articles
FGF2, also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF-β, is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF2 gene. It binds to and exerts effects via specific fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) proteins, themselves a family of closely related molecules. Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975; soon thereafter three variants were isolated: 'basic FGF' (FGF2); Heparin-binding growth factor-2; and Endothelial cell growth factor-2. Gene sequencing revealed that this group is the same FGF2 protein and is a member of a family of FGF proteins.
Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a family of cell signalling proteins produced by macrophages; they are involved in a wide variety of processes, most notably as crucial elements for normal development in animal cells. Any irregularities in their function lead to a range of developmental defects. These growth factors typically act as systemic or locally circulating molecules of extracellular origin that activate cell surface receptors. A defining property of FGFs is that they bind to heparin and to heparan sulfate. Thus, some are sequestered in the extracellular matrix of tissues that contains heparan sulfate proteoglycans and are released locally upon injury or tissue remodeling.
FGF1, also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF1 gene. It is synthesized as a 155 amino acid polypeptide, whose mature form is a non-glycosylated 17-18 kDa protein. Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975, but soon afterwards others using different conditions isolated acidic FGF, Heparin-binding growth factor-1, and Endothelial cell growth factor-1. Gene sequencing revealed that this group was actually the same growth factor and that FGF1 was a member of a family of FGF proteins.
INT-2 proto-oncogene protein also known as FGF-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF3 gene.
The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are, as their name implies, receptors that bind to members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of proteins. Some of these receptors are involved in pathological conditions. For example, a point mutation in FGFR3 can lead to achondroplasia.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) also known as CD332 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR2 gene residing on chromosome 10. FGFR2 is a receptor for fibroblast growth factor.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR3 gene. FGFR3 has also been designated as CD333. The gene, which is located on chromosome 4, location q16.3, is expressed in tissues such as the cartilage, brain, intestine, and kidneys.
Keratinocyte growth factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF7 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF10 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 8(FGF-8) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF8 gene.
Glia-activating factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF9 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF4 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF5 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF18 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF13 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF6 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF12 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGF17 gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 11 also known as FGF11 is a human gene.
Fibroblast growth factor 20 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the FGF20 gene.
References
- ↑ Umemori H, Linhoff MW, Ornitz DM, Sanes JR (July 2004). "FGF22 and its close relatives are presynaptic organizing molecules in the mammalian brain". Cell. 118 (2): 257–70. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.06.025 . PMID 15260994. S2CID 18836066.
- ↑ Zhang X, Ibrahimi OA, Olsen SK, Umemori H, Mohammadi M, Ornitz DM (June 2006). "Receptor specificity of the fibroblast growth factor family. The complete mammalian FGF family". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (23): 15694–700. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M601252200 . PMC 2080618 . PMID 16597617.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: Fibroblast growth factor 22".
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
 | This article on a gene on human chromosome 19 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |