2008 protests against Kosovo declaration of independence

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2008 protests against Kosovo declaration of independence
Part of the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
Kosovo je Srbija evening demonstration.jpg
A crowd rallies in front of SKC on February 21, 2008.
Date17–28 February 2008
Location
Largest protests and unrest occurred in Serbia, with several protests also having taken place in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and elsewhere
Caused by 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
Methods Demonstrations, occupations, rioting, civil disobedience, vandalism
Parties
Serb protestors
Number
6,000+ riot police deployed
Approximately 200,000 participated [1]
Casualties and losses
Over 100 injured
1 Ukrainian U.N Officer killed [2]
Over 200 injured
Over 200 arrested [3]
1 death [4]

Widespread protests and riots in Serbia and North Kosovo followed the proclamation of independence by the Republic of Kosovo on February 17, 2008. Protests were also held by Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro.

Contents

Serbia

February 17–20

Kosovo is Serbia protest

Kosovo is Serbia rally on February 21, 2008 in Belgrade Tri prsta3.jpg
Kosovo is Serbia rally on February 21, 2008 in Belgrade
SRS supporters demonstrating against Kosovo's declaration of independence, Belgrade, 2008 Kosovo demo 21 Feb 2008 Belgrade Image 18.jpg
SRS supporters demonstrating against Kosovo's declaration of independence, Belgrade, 2008

On February 21, a very large demonstration called Kosovo is Serbia (Косово је Србија, Kosovo je Srbija) was held in Belgrade in front of the Parliament organized by the Serbian government, with up to hundreds of thousands people attending it. [15] Speakers at the protest were: Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica, opposition leader Tomislav Nikolić, Republika Srpska Prime Minister Milorad Dodik, Montenegro opposition leader Andrija Mandić, Montenegro opposition politician Predrag Popović, basketball player Dejan Bodiroga, filmmaker Emir Kusturica, tennis player Novak Djokovic (via link), actors Ivana Žigon  [ sr ], Nenad Jezdić and Nataša Tapušković, and Yugoslav crown prince Alexander Karađorđević.

After the protest, people gathered at the Temple of Saint Sava for a religious service, where a speech was held by acting head of the Serbian Orthodox Church, Metropolitan Archbishop Amfilohije Risto Radović of Montenegro and the Littoral.

The president of Serbia and commander-in-chief of Serbian Armed Forces, Boris Tadic (Democratic Party), did not attend. The rally was not supported by the Liberal Democratic Party [16] nor by the League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina, both of which are represented in Parliament.

Attacks on diplomatic missions and businesses

Map of the attacked embassies after the rally Neredi BG 2008.png
Map of the attacked embassies after the rally
US embassy after Kosovo is Serbia rally on February 21, 2008 in Belgrade Americka ambasada - 4.jpg
US embassy after Kosovo is Serbia rally on February 21, 2008 in Belgrade

The protest was peaceful until participants arrived at the US, Chinese, Croatian and Slovenian embassies, where a group of about 1000 rioters [17] separated themselves and started attacking the embassies. They burned the US embassy, entered and destroyed the interior and exterior of the Croatian and Chinese embassy [18] and caused minor damage to the Slovenian embassy. [19] The security cameras in the Slovenian embassy also filmed the action outside the embassy where Serbian police didn't try to stop the protesters from entering the embassy, instead they moved away, which caused protests in Slovenia. [20] Emergency services were able to put the fire out in embassies after protesters dissipated. [21] At around 21:00 UTC, CNN reported that "charred remains" of an individual had been found inside the burnt-out offices. Flags of the United States, Croatia, Slovenia and European Union were also burnt. [22] [23]

In response, a group of around fifty Croatian protesters burnt the Serbian flag in central Zagreb, after which the police arrested 44 of them. [24]

Police guarded the U.S. Embassy in Belgrade on February 22. [25] [26] Other foreign embassies damaged in the course of the protest included those of Belgium, Germany and Turkey. [27] [28] In Belgrade and Novi Sad, McDonald's shops were damaged by protesters. [29] According to Serbian sources, the violent protesters were ad hoc football fans. 54 policemen and 34 citizens were injured. A Dutch journalist suffered broken ribs. [30] Serbian politicians condemned the violence. [31] The total damage from the violence was estimated at over 8 million Serbian dinars ($US 143,000). [32] The United Nations Security Council responded to these incidents by issuing a unanimous statement that, "The members of the Security Council condemn in the strongest terms the mob attacks against embassies in Belgrade, which have resulted in damage to embassy premises and have endangered diplomatic personnel," noting that the 1961 Vienna Convention requires host states to protect embassies. [33] In response to the attacks, the German embassy announced that it would temporarily stop granting visas to Serbian citizens. [28] Also on February 21, Serbian army reservists from Kuršumlija took their protest into Kosovo, during which time they attacked the Kosovo Police Service with stones. [34] An explosive was set off in the Kosovo Serb enclave of Kosovska Mitrovica near a United Nations-run courthouse. [35] During the rally there were people who carried portraits of ICTY-fugitive former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadžić and the blue-red flag of the far-right Orthodox organization Obraz. [36] In Kraljevo, Obraz was responsible for the vandalization of an Evangelical church. [32] In Valjevo, a Slovenian firm Sava Osiguranje was set on fire, most likely by protesting youths. [37] The Radio Television of Serbia took American films and sitcoms off the air, replacing them with content from Spain and Russia, who have been against Kosovo's independence. [38]

February 22

The Croatian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration warned against travelling to Belgrade, resulting in the cancellation of an Adriatic League basketball match between Zagreb's KK Cibona and Belgrade's KK Partizan. [39] A concert by the Croatian band Hladno pivo scheduled for February 29 was similarly cancelled. [40] Also on February 22, the United States embassy in Serbia ordered the temporary evacuation of all non-essential personnel, after the protests and attacks on the embassy. Rian Harris, a U.S. embassy spokeswoman, explained the evacuation to AFP saying that "Dependents are being temporarily ordered to depart Belgrade. We do not have confidence that Serbian authorities can provide security for our staff members." [41] Slovenia also closed its own embassy, recommending its citizens not to travel to Serbia. [42] The European Union froze talks with Serbia on the Stabilisation and Association Agreement, the country's next step in EU-integration. [43] Meanwhile, nationalist organizations were reportedly spreading leaflets urging citizens to boycott banks and goods coming from the countries that support the independence of Kosovo. [44]

February 23

The American embassy drew down staffing in Belgrade with a convoy headed to Croatia. [45] By this time, Serbian authorities reported that 200 rioters from the Belgrade protest had been arrested. [3] The Kosovo-Serbia border crossings had also been normalized. [3] The Liberal Democratic Party and the League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina again expressed criticism of Prime Minister Koštunica and his handling of the events since Kosovo's declaration. [46] [ better source needed ]

February 26

Serbia's National Security Council met to discuss how police had failed to stop the mob from attacking the embassy on the 21st. [47]

The United States raised its travel alert for Serbia to a travel warning. [48]

Zoran Vujović, the protester who died during the attack on the U.S. embassy, was buried in Novi Sad on February 26. [4] Several thousand people attended the funeral. [4]

February 27

Human Rights Watch said that "Serbia's government should act quickly to reduce the dangerously hostile climate for human rights groups" since the Kosovo declaration. [49]

February 28

The largest protest in Valjevo drew a crowd of several thousand people on February 28. [50]

February 29

On February 29, Serbian police charged 80 people in connection with the embassy attacks. [51]

North Kosovo

Note on Kosovo independence

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Protests after Kosovo's declaration of independence in Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Protesti u BL1.jpg
Protests after Kosovo's declaration of independence in Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Protests were held in Republika Srpska, the Serb-inhabited entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On the 26th, about 10,000 protested in Banja Luka; a small group of them later approached the U.S. embassy branch office, damaging shopfronts and stoning police who blocked their path. Eventually, they were dispersed by tear gas. [73]

Montenegro

On October 9, 2008, Montenegro recognized Kosovo's independence. This move by the Montenegrin government, opposed by many in the country, led to a protest rally in Podgorica on October 13 attended by over 20,000 people. The rally, held in front of the Parliament of Montenegro building, was organized by the Serb List, Socialist People's Party of Montenegro, People's Party, Democratic Serb Party of Montenegro, and other opposition parties. It was backed by Movement for Changes and the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral of the Serbian Orthodox Church, and Metropolitan Amfilohije Radović was announced as speaker. [74] Demonstrators demanded that the Montenegrin government and Prime Minister Milo Đukanović rescind their recognition of Kosovo. They waved Serbian flags, chanting "Kosovo is Serbia" and other slogans against the prime minister and his cabinet, calling them ustashas and shiptars. At the end of the rally, riots broke out and small groups attacked riot police in front of the parliament building. The rioters were eventually driven back by police, and 28 people were arrested and 34 were injured. The pro-Serbian opposition planned a second protest on 16 October, but the Montenegrin police said that no protests from the opposition would be accepted. [75] [76] [77]

Diaspora

Kosovo is serbia protest in vienna 2.jpg
Demonstracije u Londonu 23.02.2008 - 05.jpg
Serbs protesting in Vienna (left) and London (right) in February, 2008.

Protests were also held in diaspora communities, such as in London (23 February), Vienna (24 February), and by Serbian students in Brussels on 28 February. [78]

See also

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References

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  2. ↑ "UN officer dies after Kosovo riot". bbc.co.uk. 2008-03-18. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
  3. 1 2 3 Serbia: Police and Authorities Allowed Attacks Archived February 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine , Večernji list, February 23, 2008
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  58. ↑ EU staff flee from Kosovo's split city
  59. ↑ Kosovo marks its first full week of independence [ better source needed ] Archived February 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  60. ↑ Serbs not leaving the KPS, B92, February 24, 2008
  61. ↑ U.S. ambassador angered by Serb violence
  62. ↑ Protesters in North Kosovo Burn EU Flag, Associated Press, February 25, 2008 Archived March 3, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  63. ↑ Protest at Kosovo border post injures 19 police officers
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  66. ↑ Protesti na Kosovu – i danas - RADIO TELEVIZIJA VOJVODINE
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  69. 1 2 Radovanovic, Radul (2008-03-17). "Peacekeepers battle Serbs in Kosovo". Yahoo News. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2008-03-22. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
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  72. ↑ "UN police back in north Mitrovica". BBC News. 2008-03-19. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
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  75. ↑ RTS, Neredi u Podgorici
  76. ↑ MTS mondo, Crna Gora: Policija zabranjuje nove skupove!
  77. ↑ MTS mondo, Incidenti na protestu u Podgorici
  78. ↑ "Serbs protest in Brussels".
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