2018 Japan–South Korea radar lock-on dispute

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2018 Japan–South Korea radar lock-on dispute

Video footage from the P-1 aircraft, released by the Japanese Ministry of Defense
Date20 December 2018 (2018-12-20)
Location
in the Sea of Japan
Japan's claim:
off the coast of the Noto Peninsula [1]
South Korea's claim:
100 km (62 mi) northeast of the Liancourt Rocks [2]
Result
Belligerents
Flag of South Korea.svg South KoreaFlag of Japan.svg Japan
Units involved
Flag of the Republic of Korea Navy.svg  ROK Navy
Flag of the Korean Coast Guard.svg ROK Coast Guard
Naval Ensign of Japan.svg  Japan MSDF
Strength

1 destroyer

1 Coast Guard cutter
1 maritime patrol aircraft
JADIZ and CADIZ and KADIZ in East China Sea (blank map).png
Red pog.svg
The estimated position
Fire-control Radar Detection Sound released by the Japan Ministry of Defense on January 21
Waveform of Fire-control Radar Detection Sound.png
The waveform of Fire-control Radar Detection Sound released by the Japan Ministry of Defense on January 21 (parts of the sound were processed for information security). This waveform shows the Pulse repetition frequency is approximately 7kHz and Conical scanning frequency is approximately 100Hz. In this incident, AN/UPX-27K IFF, STIR-180, and MW08 can make this type of waveform.
Search Radar Detection Sound released by the Japan Ministry of Defense on January 21
Waveform of Search Radar Detection Sound.png
Waveform of Search Radar Detection Sound. This signal is clearly distinguished from Fire-control Radar signal. X-band and R-band radars equipped in the coast guard's vessel leave this type of waveform.

2022

On 17 November 2022, the ROK Navy claimed that it had not irradiated radar. [63]

2023

On 4 June 2024, Japanese Defense Minister Yasukazu Hamada and South Korean Defense Minister Lee Jong-sup held talks as part of the Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore and agreed to accelerate working-level discussions to resolve the radar dispute, with a focus on outlining "steps to prevent a recurrence". [64]

2024

On 2 June 2024, Japanese Defense Minister Minoru Kihara and South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik met on the sidelines of the Shangri-La Dialogue and agreed to normalize relations between their respective militaries and resume defense cooperation and exchanges. Characterizing the radar lock-on dispute as an obstacle to security cooperation between Japan and South Korea, as well as tripartite cooperation with the United States, the two countries released a document detailing measures to prevent a recurrence of the incident. In the document, the JMSDF and the South Korean navy undertook to comply with the Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea, and agreed to improve communications and build trust. No mention was made regarding the exact chain of events in the 2018 incident, effectively putting the matter to rest. [65] [66] [67]

Views and opinions

Toshio Tamogami, a retired general and ex–chief of staff of the JASDF, has given his views on Twitter denying the offensiveness of aiming FC radar. [68] However, Toshiyuki Ito, a retired JMSDF admiral and ex-commandant of the Joint Staff College, rebutted Tamogami's view since the former had been retired for ten years and has no experience as a pilot. [69]

The South Korean government claimed this flight of P-1 was menacing and unfriendly to the warship of a neighboring country which was operating a rescue mission in the high seas. According to the South Korean government, it was Japan and not South Korea that acted improperly in this incident and should apologize. [70] However, Paul Giarra, a retired U.S. naval aviator and ex-senior Country Director for Japan in the Office of the ASD (ISA), pointed it out that there was absolutely no danger in the actions of the Japanese aircraft. [71]

Some South Korean media were concerned about the friction between Seoul and Tokyo. On 7 January 2019, a JoongAng Daily editorial argued that the two governments "should join forces to address the nuclear threats from North Korea and other urgent issues" and that "This emotional fighting does not help. Though what really happened at the moment has not yet been found, either side did not suffer substantial damage. Therefore, if [the South] Korean destroyer really aimed its FCR at the approaching airplane, our military authorities should apologize to Japan and wrap up the case. If the Japanese aircraft was really confused about the radar signal, it should apologize", and that "[i]t is time to take a deep breath and find a reasonable solution". [72]

While there is no international law regulating the altitude of military flights, Japan, the U.S. military, and NATO assert they follow the custom of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to keep a distance of 150 meters (490 ft) from vessels under normal operations. [73]

See also

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Japan–South Korea radar lock-on dispute
South Korean Navy radar lock-on incident
Japanese name
Kanji 韓国海軍レーダー照射問題
Hiragana かんこくかいぐんレーダーしょうしゃもんだい
Transcriptions
Romanization Kankoku kaigun rēdā shōsha mondai