42 (school)

Last updated
42
42 Logo.svg
Motto
Born2Code
TypePrivate
Nonprofit
Established
  • 2013 (2013) (Paris)
  • 2016 (2016) (Fremont)
  • 2021 (2021) (Istanbul)
  • 2021 (2021) (Kocaeli)
  • 2021 (2021) (Adelaide)
  • 2022 (2022) (Berlin)
President Xavier Niel
DirectorSophie Viger
Administrative staff
  • Paris: 29
  • Adelaide: 7
Students
  • Paris: 2,550
  • Adelaide: 300
  • Istanbul: 492
  • Kocaeli: 275
Location
Colours     Blue, green, red
Website www.42network.org

42 is a private institution of higher education in computer science founded by Xavier Niel, Nicolas Sadirac (former executive director at Epitech), [1] Kwame Yamgnane, and Florian Bucher (former executives at Epitech). [2] The school opened in Paris in 2013. The school does not have any professors and is open 24/7. Students are trained through peer-to-peer pedagogy, and project-based learning.

Contents

42's name is a reference to the book The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy written by British author Douglas Adams: in the book, 42 is the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything.[ citation needed ]

History

Xavier Niel, one of the founders of 42 Xavier Niel004.jpg
Xavier Niel, one of the founders of 42

Announced on March 26, 2013, 42 was opened in Paris on July 15, 2013, for the selection phase called La Piscine (the swimming-pool).

On May 17, 2016, 42 announced plans to open a second campus in Fremont, California. [3] The Fremont campus was closed in 2020. [4]

As of 2023, 47 campuses have been opened in 26 countries. [5] In addition to the official campus in Paris, France, the school model was adopted in Lyon, Reims, and Mulhouse, France, as well as in Spain, Romania, South Africa, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Moldova, [6] Belgium, Russia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Indonesia, Finland, [7] Germany, [8] Adelaide, Australia, [9] Armenia, [10] the United Arab Emirates, [11] London, [12] Quebec, Canada, [13] Bangkok, [14] Florence, [15] Rome, [16] Lausanne, Switzerland [17] and Turkey.

In June 2024, Québec numérique (the non-profit organization hosting 42 Québec and its campus) announced its closure in the following month, blaming a missing grant payment from Quebec's Ministry of Employment and Social Solidarity. [18] [19] The Ministry blamed "possible irregularities [...] on the management of the grant."

Operation

The mode of operation of 42 was notably inspired by that of Epitech: selection using "swimming pool" sessions and teaching according to the project mode. 42 Network attempts to establish 24/7 technology support communities in major cities worldwide through the participation of collaborative entities, achieving integration of education, industry, and technology exchange.

Admission and registration

The candidate must be at least 18 years old or hold a baccalauréat (it is possible to start an application for candidates in the year of their baccalaureate). No diploma is required for applicants over 18 years of age. In 2015, an experiment took place with Pôle Emploi to train a group of around thirty unemployed seniors in programming for ten months. This training has since been renewed each year.

The first selection is made using a series of logic and memory tests on the institution's website intended to assess the students' abilities to learn computer science. The second selection is called the “piscine”, meaning "pool" in French: an intensive four-week selection process during which the applicant must carry out practical work in the C Language as well as community service, sometimes considered by students as a degrading punishment. [20] It's not uncommon for students to work 10 to 12h per day, including on week-ends, to complete the "piscine". Under the eye of the educational team who scrutinizes all their actions from the "jar" (office of the educational team) using surveillance-based big data: where are the students sitting? With whom are their usually pairing? …. [21]

Registration for training is free and concerns each year about 850 students in Paris.

Particularities of the training

There are no lectures or practical work supervised by professors. Students are free to organize their days to carry out the projects proposed by the teaching team. The establishment is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

The training provided is intended to be inspired by the changes brought about by the Internet with a pedagogy qualified as "peer-to-peer". Depending on the course chosen by the student, it delivers an RNCP title of level 6: a certificate recognized by the French State, but no diploma. [22]

Program

The first projects are mainly focused on development in C language in a UNIX platform environment. Depending on their level, the student can enroll in four-week educational “pools” to discover new programming paradigms: web in PHP, object-oriented in C++, functional in OCaml and Unity. Other projects introduce students to computer security, mobile development and the network.[ citation needed ]

Business model

The investment was made by Xavier Niel: 70 million euros, including 20 million for the creation of the Parisian establishment and 50 million to cover its operating costs for 10 years. The objective when creating 42 is to allow the creation of 150 companies each year, including five Internet giants, in the hope that these young shoots pay their apprenticeship tax to the establishment. At the start of 2015, Nicolas Sadirac said "If we are not able to generate five big successes per year, it is because we will have failed. Then there will be no more reason to finance us."

Controversies

The 2nd of November 2014, one of the 6- cameras installed at Nicolas Sadirac's request, caught him spanking a young women, followed by sexual intercourse, in one of the school's amphitheater. [23]

In 2017, with less than 10% of female students, a report from the magazine Usine Nouvelle highlighted sexist behaviors like pornographic websites as wallpapers, misogynistic pornographic content being commonplace on some public Slack channels, upskirt pictures, … Fabienne Haas, director of communication, argue that since the slack is managed by the student themselves, it's hard for the school to moderate it. Some sanctions against students were taken, but none were expelled from the school. [24] [25]

In July 2018, Nicolas Sadirac left after a financial audit ordered by Xavier Niel, giving away all his parts in the school. [23] [26]

42 Network

42 Network is a network of partner institutions funded by institutions, companies and investors around the world. In 2020, Sophie Vigier announced that 33 establishments are open on 5 continents and in 22 countries. The educational curriculum of these establishments is based on a common core, but the campuses can adapt their projects to the labor pools in which they are located.

On December 6, 2017, Xavier Niel announces the creation of a 42 school in Algiers, during Emmanuel Macron's visit to Algeria. This announcement has not yet been followed by an opening.

In 2018 Corinne Vigreux announced the opening of Codam College as part of the 42 network in Amsterdam.

In June 2019, 42 announced the opening of eleven new campuses by 2020, including 42 Rio, 42 São Paulo, 42 Jakarta, 42 Yerevan, 42 Tokyo, 42 Bogotá, 42 Angoulême, 42 Madrid, and 42 Quebec.

In December 2022, 42 Berlin commenced operations. [27]

List of Schools in 42 Network [28]
#NameLocationYear FoundedOfficial Website
142 LuandaFlag of Angola.svg  Angola, Luanda 2023 42luanda.com
242 YerevanFlag of Armenia.svg  Armenia, Yerevan 2020 42yerevan.am
342 AdelaideFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia, Adelaide 2021 42adel.org.au
442 ViennaFlag of Austria.svg  Austria, Vienna 2022 42vienna.com
519 (Antwerp)Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium, Antwerp campus19.be
619 (Brussels)Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium, Brussels campus19.be
742 Belo HorizonteFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil, Belo Horizonte 42bh.org.br
842 RioFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 42.rio
942 São PauloFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil, São Paulo 42sp.org.br
1042 QuébecFlag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada, Québec 2021 [29] 42quebec.com
1142 PragueFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic, Prague 2022 42prague.com
12HiveFlag of Finland.svg  Finland, Helsinki 2019 [30] hive.fi
1342 AngoulêmeFlag of France.svg  France, Angoulême 42angouleme.fr
1442 Le HavreFlag of France.svg  France, Le Havre 42lehavre.fr
1542 LyonFlag of France.svg  France, Lyon 42lyon.fr
1642 MulhouseFlag of France.svg  France, Mulhouse 42mulhouse.fr
1742 NiceFlag of France.svg  France, Nice 2020 [31] 42nice.fr
1842 ParisFlag of France.svg  France, Paris 2013 42.fr
1942 Perpignan OccitanieFlag of France.svg  France, Perpignan 42perpignan.fr
2042 BerlinFlag of Germany.svg  Germany, Berlin 2022 42berlin.de
2142 HeilbronnFlag of Germany.svg  Germany, Heilbronn 42heilbronn.de
2242 WolfsburgFlag of Germany.svg  Germany, Wolfsburg 2021 42wolfsburg.de
2342 FirenzeFlag of Italy.svg  Italy, Florence 42firenze.it
2442 RomaFlag of Italy.svg  Italy, Rome 42roma.it
2542 TokyoFlag of Japan.svg  Japan, Tokyo 42tokyo.jp
2642 AmmanFlag of Jordan.svg  Jordan, Amman 42amman.com
2742 BeirutFlag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon, Beirut 2024 42beirut.com
2842 LuxembourgFlag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg, Esch-Alzette 2023 [32] 42luxembourg.lu
2942 AntananarivoFlag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar, Antananarivo 42antananarivo.mg
3042 Iskandar PuteriFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia, Iskandar Puteri 42iskandarputeri.edu.my
3142 Kuala LumpurFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 42kl.edu.my
3242 PenangFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia, Penang 42penang.edu.my
331337 Ben GuérirFlag of Morocco.svg  Morocco, Ben Guérir 2019 [33] 1337.ma
341337 KhouribgaFlag of Morocco.svg  Morocco, Khouribga 2018 [34] 1337.ma
351337 MedFlag of Morocco.svg  Morocco, Tétouan 2022 [35] 1337.ma
3642 WarsawFlag of Poland.svg  Poland, Warsaw 2023 42warsaw.pl
3742 LisboaFlag of Portugal.svg  Portugal, Lisbon 2020 [36] 42lisboa.com
3842 PortoFlag of Portugal.svg  Portugal, Porto 2022 42porto.com
39School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia, Kazan 21-school.ru
40School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia, Moscow 21-school.ru
41School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia, Novosibirsk 21-school.ru
42School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia, Surgut 21-school.ru
4342 SingaporeFlag of Singapore.svg  Singapore, Singapore 42singapore.sg
4442 SeoulFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea, Seoul 42seoul.kr
4542 BarcelonaFlag of Spain.svg  Spain, Barcelona 42barcelona.com
4642 MadridFlag of Spain.svg  Spain, Madrid 2019 42madrid.com
4742 MálagaFlag of Spain.svg  Spain, Málaga 42malaga.com
4842 UrdulizFlag of Spain.svg  Spain, Urduliz 42urduliz.com
4942 LausanneFlag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland, Lausanne 42lausanne.ch
5042 BangkokFlag of Thailand.svg  Thailand, Bangkok 2019 42bangkok.com
51CodamFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands, Amsterdam codam.nl
5242 IstanbulFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey, Istanbul 2021 42istanbul.com.tr
5342 KocaeliFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey, Kocaeli 2021 42kocaeli.com.tr
5442 Abu DhabiFlag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi 42abudhabi.ae
5542 LondonFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom, London 42london.com

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References

  1. ↑ Camille Gévaudan (2013). ""42", v'là les geeks !". ecrans (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-10-25. Retrieved 2014-06-24..
  2. ↑ Damien Leloup (2013). ""42", l'étrange école d'informatique de Xavier Niel". lemonde (in French)..
  3. ↑ "Press release" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2016-06-10.
  4. ↑ Yamgnane, Kwame. "On the Closing of 42 Silicon Valley from 42 co-founder Kwame Yamgnane". blog.qwasar.io. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  5. ↑ "Celebrating 42 campuses in 25 countries". 42 The Network. Retrieved 4 June 2022.
  6. ↑ French educational model to gamify IT education in Ukraine, Kyiv Post , May 19, 2016
  7. ↑ 1337, l'École qui veut former des génies du numérique, Le Monde , September 05, 2018
  8. ↑ "About 42 Wolfsburg | The radical new coding school, now in Germany. - Home". 42wolfsburg.de. Archived from the original on 2020-09-15. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
  9. ↑ Australia, Premier of South (2021-03-15). "42 to open first Australian campus in Adelaide". Premier of South Australia. Archived from the original on 2021-11-23. Retrieved 2021-11-23.
  10. ↑ "42 Yerevan Coding School Opens Its Doors at TUMO". CIVILNET. 2021-03-30. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
  11. ↑ "42 Abu Dhabi". 42 Abu Dhabi.
  12. ↑ "42 London". 42 London.
  13. ↑ Campus 42 Québec https://42quebec.com (French) Retrieved 10 August 2021
  14. ↑ "THE FOUNDING OF 42 BANGKOK" . Retrieved 2022-10-11.
  15. ↑ "42 Firenze". 42 Firenze.
  16. ↑ "42 Roma". 42 Roma.
  17. ↑ Campus 42 Lausanne https://42lausanne.ch (French) Retrieved 27 June 2022
  18. ↑ Benessaieh, Karim (2024-06-19). "Québec numérique fermera… sans savoir pourquoi". La Presse (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-07-15.
  19. ↑ Trudel, Marie-ev; Pontbriand, Marie Maude (2024-06-11). "Québec numérique annonce la fin « imminente » de ses activités". Radio-Canada (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-07-15.
  20. ↑ ""Pourquoi j'ai dû faire le ménage à l'école 42"". Les Echos Start (in French). 2016-07-29. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  21. ↑ "Pourquoi l'école 42 reste l'extraterrestre du sup'". L'Etudiant. 2015-03-27. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  22. ↑ "IT solutions designer and developer". 42. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  23. 1 2 "À l'« École 42 » de Xavier Niel : sexe, harcèlement, arnaques et comptes offshore, une enquête de Mediapart". Developpez.com (in French). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  24. ↑ Nouvelle, L'Usine (2017-11-16). "Porno, blagues et dragues lourdes... pas facile d'être une femme à l'école 42" (in French).{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  25. ↑ "A l'école 42, entre blagues sexistes et ambiance de vestiaire, les étudiantes ne se sentent "pas en sécurité"". Franceinfo (in French). 2017-11-16. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  26. ↑ Mauduit, Laurent (2019-04-18). "A l'«Ecole 42» de Xavier Niel: sexe, harcèlement, arnaques et comptes offshore". Mediapart (in French). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  27. ↑ "Freie Programmierschule "42 Berlin" eröffnet". zeit.de. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  28. ↑ "42 Schools | 42 - A Global Network of IT Campuses". 42network.org. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  29. ↑ Ouellet, Isabelle (2020-07-02). "First Piscines announcement!". 42 Québec. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  30. ↑ Hive. "Hive Helsinki trains the next generation of world-class coders. We want to give people from all walks of life the tools to solve problems of tomorrow". About Hive. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  31. ↑ "42 Nice Région Sud". 42nice.fr (in French). Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  32. ↑ "Dans la piscine de «42 Luxembourg» à Belval". lequotidien.lu (in French). 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2024-05-18.
  33. ↑ 1337 school pursues its vision by opening a second campus in the small town of Ben Guérir (2019)
  34. ↑ 1337 opened in Khouribga in July 2018, and in Benguerir in 2019
  35. ↑ 1337 MED was inaugurated in 2022
  36. ↑ About 42 Lisbon
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