42 (school)

Last updated
42
42 Logo.svg
Motto
Born2Code
TypePrivate
Nonprofit
Established
  • 2013 (2013) (Paris)
  • 2016 (2016) (Fremont)
  • 2021 (2021) (Istanbul)
  • 2021 (2021) (Kocaeli)
  • 2021 (2021) (Adelaide)
  • 2022 (2022) (Berlin)
President Xavier Niel
DirectorSophie Viger
Administrative staff
  • Paris: 29
  • Adelaide: 7
Students
  • Paris: 2,550
  • Adelaide: 300
  • Istanbul: 492
  • Kocaeli: 275
Location
Colours     Blue, green, red
Website www.42network.org

42 is a private institution of higher education in computer science founded by Xavier Niel, Nicolas Sadirac (former executive director at Epitech), [1] Kwame Yamgnane, and Florian Bucher (former executives at Epitech). [2] The school opened in Paris in 2013. The school does not have any professors and is open 24/7. Students are trained through peer-to-peer pedagogy, and project-based learning.

Contents

42's name is a reference to the book The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy written by British author Douglas Adams: in the book, 42 is the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything.[ citation needed ]

History

Xavier Niel, one of the founders of 42 Xavier Niel004.jpg
Xavier Niel, one of the founders of 42

Announced on March 26, 2013, 42 was opened in Paris on July 15, 2013, for the selection phase called La Piscine (the swimming-pool). On May 17, 2016, 42 announced plans to open a second campus in Fremont, California. [3] The Fremont campus was closed in 2020. [4]

As of 2024, campuses have been opened in over 30 countries. [5] In addition to the official campus in Paris, France, the school model was adopted in Lyon, Reims, and Mulhouse, France, as well as in Spain, Romania, South Africa, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Moldova, [6] Belgium, Russia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Indonesia, Finland, [7] Germany, [8] Adelaide, Australia, [9] Armenia, [10] the United Arab Emirates, [11] London, [12] Quebec, Canada, [13] Bangkok, [14] Florence, [15] Rome, [16] Lausanne, Switzerland [17] , Turkey, and others.

Admission and registration

The candidate must be at least 18 years old or hold a baccalauréat (it is possible to start an application for candidates in the year of their baccalaureate). No diploma is required for applicants over 18 years of age. In 2015, an experiment took place with Pôle Emploi to train a group of around thirty unemployed seniors in programming for ten months. This training has since been renewed each year.

The first selection is made using a series of logic and memory tests on the institution's website intended to assess the students' abilities to learn computer science. The second selection is called the “piscine”, meaning "pool" in French: an intensive four-week selection process during which the applicant must carry out practical work in the C Language as well as community service, sometimes considered by students as a degrading punishment. [18] It's not uncommon for students to work 10 to 12h per day, including on week-ends, to complete the "piscine". Under the eye of the educational team who scrutinizes all their actions from the "jar" (office of the educational team) using surveillance-based big data: where are the students sitting? With whom are their usually pairing? …. [19]

Registration for training is free and concerns each year about 850 students in Paris.

Training structure

There are no lectures or practical work supervised by professors. Students are free to organize their days to carry out the projects proposed by the teaching team. The establishment is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

The training provided is intended to be inspired by the changes brought about by the Internet with a pedagogy qualified as "peer-to-peer". Depending on the course chosen by the student, it delivers an RNCP title of level 6: a certificate recognized by the French State, but no diploma. [20]

The mode of operation of 42 was inspired by that of Epitech: selection using "swimming pool" sessions and teaching according to the project mode. 42 Network attempts to establish 24/7 technology support communities in major cities worldwide through the participation of collaborative entities, achieving integration of education, industry, and technology exchange.

Program

The first projects are mainly focused on development in C language in a UNIX platform environment. Depending on their level, the student can enroll in four-week educational “pools” to discover new programming paradigms: web in PHP, object-oriented in C++, functional in OCaml and Unity. Other projects introduce students to computer security, mobile development and the network.[ citation needed ]

Business model

The investment was made by Niel: 70 million euros, including 20 million for the creation of the Parisian establishment and 50 million to cover its operating costs for 10 years. The objective when creating 42 is to allow the creation of 150 companies each year, including five Internet giants, in the hope that these young shoots pay their apprenticeship tax to the establishment. At the start of 2015, Sadirac said "If we are not able to generate five big successes per year, it is because we will have failed. Then there will be no more reason to finance us."

Controversies

On November 2, 2014, one of the 6- cameras installed at Nicolas Sadirac's request, caught him spanking a young women, followed by sexual intercourse, in one of the school's amphitheater. [21]

In 2017, with less than 10% female students, a report from the magazine Usine Nouvelle highlighted sexist behavior at 42. This included pornographic websites as wallpapers, misogynistic pornographic content being commonplace on some public Slack channels, and upskirt pictures. Fabienne Haas, director of communication, argued that since the slack is managed by the student themselves, it is hard for the school to moderate it. Some sanctions against students were taken, but none were expelled from the school. [22] [23]

In July 2018, Sadirac left after a financial audit ordered by Niel, giving away all his parts in the school. [21] [24]

In June 2024, Québec numérique (the non-profit organization hosting 42 Québec and its campus) announced its closure in the following month, blaming a missing grant payment from Quebec's Ministry of Employment and Social Solidarity. [25] [26] The Ministry blamed "possible irregularities [...] on the management of the grant."

42 Network

42 Network is an international of network of partner schools that run using the same processes as the original 42 school. [27] They are funded by institutions and companies. The educational curriculum of these establishments is based on a common core, but the campuses can adapt their projects to the labor pools in which they are located.

During Emmanuel Macron's visit to Algeria 2017, Niel announced the creation of a 42 school in Algiers, but this was not followed by an opening. In June 2019, 42 announced the opening of eleven new campuses by 2020, including in Rio, São Paulo, Jakarta, Yerevan, Tokyo, Bogotá, Angoulême, Madrid, and Quebec. By 2020, Vigier stated that 33 schools were open in 22 countries on five continents.

List of schools

NameCountryLocationYear foundedOfficial website
42 ParisFlag of France.svg  France Paris 2013 42.fr
1337Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Khouribga 2018 [28] 1337.ma
CodamFlag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Amsterdam 2018 codam.nl
HiveFlag of Finland.svg  Finland Helsinki 2019 [29] hive.fi
42 YerevanFlag of Armenia.svg  Armenia Yerevan 2020 42yerevan.am
42 NiceFlag of France.svg  France Nice 2020 [30] 42nice.fr
42 LisboaFlag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Lisbon 2020 [31] 42lisboa.com
42 BangkokFlag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Bangkok 2019 42bangkok.com
42 MadridFlag of Spain.svg  Spain Madrid 2019 42madrid.com
42 AdelaideFlag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Adelaide 2021 42adel.org.au
42 QuébecFlag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Québec 2021 [32] 42quebec.com
42 WolfsburgFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Wolfsburg 2021 42wolfsburg.de
42 IstanbulFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Istanbul 2021 42istanbul.com.tr
42 KocaeliFlag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Kocaeli 2021 42kocaeli.com.tr
42 ViennaFlag of Austria.svg  Austria Vienna 2022 42vienna.com
42 PragueFlag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Prague 2022 42prague.com
42 BerlinFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Berlin 2022 [33] 42berlin.de
42 PortoFlag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Porto 2022 42porto.com
1337 MedFlag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Tétouan 2022 [34] 1337.ma
42 WarsawFlag of Poland.svg  Poland Warsaw 2023 42warsaw.pl
42 LuandaFlag of Angola.svg  Angola Luanda 2023 42luanda.com
42 LondonFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom London 2023 42london.com
42 BeirutFlag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Beirut 2024 42beirut.com
19 (Antwerp)Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Antwerp campus19.be
19 (Brussels)Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Brussels campus19.be
42 Belo HorizonteFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Belo Horizonte 42bh.org.br
42 RioFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Rio de Janeiro 42.rio
42 São PauloFlag of Brazil.svg  Brazil São Paulo 42sp.org.br
42 AngoulêmeFlag of France.svg  France Angoulême 42angouleme.fr
42 Le HavreFlag of France.svg  France Le Havre 42lehavre.fr
42 LyonFlag of France.svg  France Lyon 42lyon.fr
42 MulhouseFlag of France.svg  France Mulhouse 42mulhouse.fr
42 Perpignan OccitanieFlag of France.svg  France Perpignan 42perpignan.fr
42 HeilbronnFlag of Germany.svg  Germany Heilbronn 42heilbronn.de
42 FirenzeFlag of Italy.svg  Italy Florence 42firenze.it
42 RomaFlag of Italy.svg  Italy Rome 42roma.it
42 TokyoFlag of Japan.svg  Japan Tokyo 42tokyo.jp
42 AmmanFlag of Jordan.svg  Jordan Amman 42amman.com
42 AntananarivoFlag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Antananarivo 42antananarivo.mg
42 Iskandar PuteriFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Iskandar Puteri 42iskandarputeri.edu.my
42 Kuala LumpurFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 42kl.edu.my
42 PenangFlag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Penang 42penang.edu.my
School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Kazan 21-school.ru
School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Moscow 21-school.ru
School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Novosibirsk 21-school.ru
School 21Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Surgut 21-school.ru
42 SingaporeFlag of Singapore.svg  Singapore Singapore 42singapore.sg
42 SeoulFlag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Seoul 42seoul.kr
42 BarcelonaFlag of Spain.svg  Spain Barcelona 42barcelona.com
42 MálagaFlag of Spain.svg  Spain Málaga 42malaga.com
42 UrdulizFlag of Spain.svg  Spain Urduliz 42urduliz.com
42 LausanneFlag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Lausanne 42lausanne.ch
42 Abu DhabiFlag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi 42abudhabi.ae

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan</span> Roman Catholic university in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines

The Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, also known simply as the Ateneo de Cagayan, Xavier or XU is a private, Catholic, coeducational, basic and higher education institution. It is operated by the Philippine Province of the Society of Jesus in Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Founded in 1933 as the Ateneo de Cagayan, it became the first higher education institution in Mindanao to receive a university status a year before its sister school Ateneo de Manila. It was given its present name in honor of the Jesuit missionary St. Francis Xavier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polytechnique Montréal</span> Engineering university in Montréal, Quebec, Canada

Polytechnique Montréal is a public research university affiliated with the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The school offers graduate and postgraduate training, and is very active in research. Following tradition, new Bachelors of Engineering (B.Eng) graduating from Polytechnique Montréal receive an Iron Ring, during the Canadian Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer ceremony.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">École polytechnique</span> Public university in Palaiseau, France

École polytechnique is a grande école located in Palaiseau, France. It specializes in science and engineering and is a founding member of the Polytechnic Institute of Paris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières</span> University in Québec, Canada

The Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, also known as "l'université du peuple", established in 1969 and mainly located in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada, is a public university within the Université du Québec network. As of April 2016, the university had 14,500 students in 9 different campuses, including the main one in Trois-Rivières. About 788 of them come from overseas, from 50 countries. The university has given more than 88,000 diplomas since its founding. The Trois-Rivières campus also holds a large library with about 400,000 documents.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beth Rivkah</span> Chabad girls school

Beth Rivkah, formally known as Associated Beth Rivkah Schools, is a private girls' school system affiliated with the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology</span> Public university in Ghana

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), commonly known as UST, Tech or Kwame Tech, is a public university located in Kumasi, Ashanti region, Ghana. The university focuses on science and technology. It is the second public university established in the country, as well as the largest university in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collège Jean-Eudes</span> High school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Collège Jean-Eudes is a private French-language high school in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, established in 1953 by the Eudists brotherhood. It is located on Rosemont Boulevard at 15th Avenue in the Montreal borough of Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie. Collège Jean-Eudes is considered to be one of the best schools in Quebec as ranked by the Fraser Institute. College Jean-Eudes was one of the first schools to instigate the use of the iPad in class during the autumn of 2012. Students must wear uniforms.

École Jeannine Manuel is a private and co-educational day school founded in 1954, with locations in Paris, Lille, and London.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Université de Montréal</span> University in Montreal, Quebec

The University of Montreal is a French-language public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university's main campus is located in the Côte-des-Neiges neighborhood of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce on Mount Royal near the Outremont Summit, in the borough of Outremont. The institution comprises thirteen faculties, more than sixty departments and two affiliated schools: the Polytechnique Montréal and HEC Montréal. It offers more than 650 undergraduate programmes and graduate programmes, including 71 doctoral programmes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander von Humboldt German International School Montreal</span> International school in Baie-DUrfé, Quebec, Canada

The Alexander von Humboldt German International School Montreal is an international private co-educational multilingual school located in Baie-D'Urfé, Quebec, a West Island suburb of Montreal. It was founded in 1980 to educate the German community of Montreal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Champlain College Lennoxville</span> Public college in Sherbrooke, Quebec

Champlain College Lennoxville is the Champlain Regional College campus serving the Eastern Townships (Estrie). The campus is located in the borough of Lennoxville, of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Like the other campuses of Champlain Regional College, the Lennoxville campus is an English-language public post-secondary institution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Xavier Niel</span> French billionaire businessman (born 1967)

Xavier Niel is a French billionaire businessman. He is involved in the telecommunications and technology industry and is the founder and majority shareholder of the French Internet service provider and mobile operator Iliad trading under the Free brand. He is also co-owner of the newspaper Le Monde, co-owner of the rights of the song "My Way" and owner of Monaco Telecom, Salt Mobile and Eir. He is chairman and chief strategy officer for Iliad, and also a board member of KKR, Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield, and ByteDance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epitech</span> French institution of higher education

The Paris Graduate School of Digital Innovation, formerly European Institute of Information Technology, is a private institution of higher education in computer science and software engineering that was founded in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">E-Artsup</span>

e-artsup is a French private school created in 2001 and specialized in digital creativity and multimedia. The school is located at Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon, Nantes, Nice, Montpellier, Strasbourg, Toulouse, Tours and Lille and is part of IONIS Education Group. The school delivers degrees recognized by French state which last five years. There are approximately 400 graduates per year. It is one of the only universities in France to specialize in digital creativity and multimedia.

Écoles Belges au Maroc (EBM) is a Belgian international school network in Morocco. It consists of École Belge de Casablanca, with a primary school location in Tamaris, Dar Bouazza, Nouaceur Province; and a secondary school location in Ouled Azzouz; and the École Belge de Rabat in Rabat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Web@cademie</span>

Web@cademie is a private, nonprofit and tuition-free computer programming school created and funded by French IONIS Education Group with several partners including Epitech and Zup de Co association. The school was first opened in Paris in 2010.

IONISx is a for-profit, educational technology company that offers massive open online courses (MOOCs) as well as online degrees and certifications. IONISx works with universities and other organizations to make some of their courses available online. IONISx was established in 2013, in collaboration with ISG Business School, ISEFAC Bachelor, EPITA, Epitech, IPSA, E-Artsup, Sup'Internet and ETNA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strate School of Design</span>

Strate School of Design is a French private institution for technical education founded in 1993. Its main campus is in Sèvres south-west of Paris. It is dedicated to the teaching of industrial design, 3D modeling and design thinking. The school is recognized by the French state and its design degree is certified by the French Ministry of Higher Education.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">School NAD-UQAC</span> University campus in Montreal, Canada

The School of Digital Arts, Animation and Designat the University of Quebec at Chicoutimi is a university campus in Montreal, Canada, offering academic programs and research in 3D animation, visual effects, design and digital arts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">W School of Journalism and Communication</span> French university college, part of the Assas University, in Paris, France

The W School of Journalism and Mass Communication, or commonly the École W, is a private constituent college of Paris-Panthéon-Assas University, created by the CFJ Graduate School of Journalism, the university's prestigious journalism school, in 2016 and located in Paris, France. The university college aims to train students to create content for journalism, communication and the arts industry, inspired by the Danish alternative business school Kaospilot.

References

  1. ↑ Camille Gévaudan (2013). ""42", v'là les geeks !". ecrans (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-10-25. Retrieved 2014-06-24..
  2. ↑ Damien Leloup (2013). ""42", l'étrange école d'informatique de Xavier Niel". lemonde (in French)..
  3. ↑ "Press release" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-11-28. Retrieved 2016-06-10.
  4. ↑ Yamgnane, Kwame. "On the Closing of 42 Silicon Valley from 42 co-founder Kwame Yamgnane". blog.qwasar.io. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  5. ↑ "Home". 42 The Network (in French). Retrieved 2024-12-13.
  6. ↑ French educational model to gamify IT education in Ukraine, Kyiv Post , May 19, 2016
  7. ↑ 1337, l'École qui veut former des génies du numérique, Le Monde , September 05, 2018
  8. ↑ "About 42 Wolfsburg | The radical new coding school, now in Germany. - Home". 42wolfsburg.de. Archived from the original on 2020-09-15. Retrieved 2020-09-08.
  9. ↑ Australia, Premier of South (2021-03-15). "42 to open first Australian campus in Adelaide". Premier of South Australia. Archived from the original on 2021-11-23. Retrieved 2021-11-23.
  10. ↑ "42 Yerevan Coding School Opens Its Doors at TUMO". CIVILNET. 2021-03-30. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
  11. ↑ "42 Abu Dhabi". 42 Abu Dhabi.
  12. ↑ "42 London". 42 London.
  13. ↑ Campus 42 Québec https://42quebec.com (French) Retrieved 10 August 2021
  14. ↑ "THE FOUNDING OF 42 BANGKOK" . Retrieved 2022-10-11.
  15. ↑ "42 Firenze". 42 Firenze.
  16. ↑ "42 Roma". 42 Roma.
  17. ↑ Campus 42 Lausanne https://42lausanne.ch (French) Retrieved 27 June 2022
  18. ↑ ""Pourquoi j'ai dû faire le ménage à l'école 42"". Les Echos Start (in French). 2016-07-29. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  19. ↑ "Pourquoi l'école 42 reste l'extraterrestre du sup'". L'Etudiant. 2015-03-27. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  20. ↑ "IT solutions designer and developer". 42. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  21. 1 2 "À l'« École 42 » de Xavier Niel : sexe, harcèlement, arnaques et comptes offshore, une enquête de Mediapart". Developpez.com (in French). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  22. ↑ Nouvelle, L'Usine (2017-11-16). "Porno, blagues et dragues lourdes... pas facile d'être une femme à l'école 42" (in French).{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  23. ↑ "A l'école 42, entre blagues sexistes et ambiance de vestiaire, les étudiantes ne se sentent "pas en sécurité"". Franceinfo (in French). 2017-11-16. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  24. ↑ Mauduit, Laurent (2019-04-18). "A l'«Ecole 42» de Xavier Niel: sexe, harcèlement, arnaques et comptes offshore". Mediapart (in French). Retrieved 2024-07-08.
  25. ↑ Benessaieh, Karim (2024-06-19). "Québec numérique fermera… sans savoir pourquoi". La Presse (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-07-15.
  26. ↑ Trudel, Marie-ev; Pontbriand, Marie Maude (2024-06-11). "Québec numérique annonce la fin « imminente » de ses activités". Radio-Canada (in Canadian French). Retrieved 2024-07-15.
  27. ↑ "Our mission". 42 The Network (in French). 42 The Network. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
  28. ↑ 1337 opened in Khouribga in July 2018, and in Benguerir in 2019
  29. ↑ Hive. "Hive Helsinki trains the next generation of world-class coders. We want to give people from all walks of life the tools to solve problems of tomorrow". About Hive. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  30. ↑ "42 Nice Région Sud". 42nice.fr (in French). Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  31. ↑ About 42 Lisbon
  32. ↑ Ouellet, Isabelle (2020-07-02). "First Piscines announcement!". 42 Québec. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  33. ↑ "Freie Programmierschule "42 Berlin" eröffnet". zeit.de. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  34. ↑ 1337 MED was inaugurated in 2022
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.