444 East 58th Street

444 East 58th Street
444 East 58th Street in September 2025
Interactive map of 444 East 58th Street
General information
Type	Housing cooperative [1]
Architectural style	Beaux-Arts [2]
Location	444 East 58th Street, New York City, US
Coordinates	40°45′29″N73°57′39″W / 40.758077°N 73.960789°W / 40.758077; -73.960789
Completed	1901 [3]
Cost	$55,000 [3]
Owner	444-446 East 58th Owners Corp [4]
Management	New Bedford Management Corp [5]
Technical details
Floor count	6 [3]
Lifts/elevators	1 [1]
Design and construction
Architect	George F. Pelham [3]
Other information
Number of units	26 [5]

444 East 58th Street is a six-story residential building located in the Sutton Place neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, United States. Designed in the Beaux-Arts style by architect George F. Pelham, the structure was completed in 1901. Originally constructed as a middle-class walk-up rental for developers Abraham Levy and Isaac Haft, the building was retrofitted with an elevator in 1956 and converted into a cooperative in 1984.

The building sits on land that was formerly part of the Thomas C. Pearsall Farm. Throughout the early 20th century, the property changed hands several times, notably narrowly escaping demolition in 1928 when it was purchased by an investor intending to redevelop the site. Instead, it remained a rental property for over eight decades, housing diverse commercial tenants—such as the River Book House and the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation directed by Dr. Howard A. Rusk—alongside residents. In 2015, the cooperative sold its air rights to the developers of the adjacent Sutton 58 tower.

Architecturally, the building is distinguished by its symmetric tripartite façade, featuring a rusticated base, a brick shaft, and a prominent projecting cornice with modillions. The exterior is heavily ornamented with mascarons, cartouches, and intricate relief panels, exemplifying turn-of-the-century apartment design.

While early census records indicate a population of primarily immigrant families and tradespeople, the building's demographics shifted toward the arts and professions as Sutton Place evolved. Notable residents have included cartoonist Crockett Johnson, pianist Mario Braggiotti, and philanthropist Drue Heinz. The ground-floor apartment, noted for its garden and unique interior architecture, was the subject of features in Architectural Digest under the ownerships of both theatrical producer Luther Greene and Heinz.

Site

444 58th Street stands on what was part of the Thomas C. Pearsall Farm in 1815

444 East 58th Street is located in the Sutton Place neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. ^[6]

Until 1815, the 444 East 58th Street area was farmland. According to The Iconography of Manhattan Island , Block 1369, which is where 444 East 58th Street lies, was at the Thomas C. Pearsall Farm. According to the Trow's New York City Directory of 1872, Charles H. Lyons, who lived on site, made butter. Lower class brownstones were built in the 1870s by Effingham B. Sutton. ^{[7] [8] [9]}

By 1879, the street grid had been implemented and two townhouses had been built, one on 444 E 58th Street and another on 446 E 58th Street. In 1886, according to the New York City directory, a laces maker, Jacob Schwab, lived at 444 E 58th St (brownstone). The 1891 map shows no changes. On February 27, 1893, 444 East 58th was sold for $9,525, while its assessment was $6,000. On June 15, 1893, it was sold again, now for $10,250, with an assessment of $6,500. On May 12, 1899, Elenor Koffman sold 444 East 58th Street to John C Mayforth. ^{[10] [11] [12] [13] [14]}

History

Early years: 1901–1906

On February 19, 1901, 446 East 58th Street went into an auction, and was acquired by Joseph B. Bloomingdale.^{[ clarification needed ] [15] [16]} On March 8, 444 East 58th Street was sold by John C Mayforth to Isaac Haft and Abraham Levy, while Bloomingdale sold 446 East 58th Street to Isaac Haft. Having purchased the two formerly separate buildings, Levy and Haft were able to consolidate ownership of both properties, and could build the current 444-446 East 58th Street (as called originally). Designed by George F. Pelham, he had previously designed 422 East 58th Street in 1899, and later designed Stonehenge 58 in 1929 at 58th street in Sutton Place. ^{[16] [17] [18]}

444 East 58th Street was built in 1901 for $55,000, originally as a middle-class walk-up rental building, as reported in Engineering News. ^{[19] [20] [a]}

On January 15, 1903, Haft and his wife sold their part of the building to Abraham Levy for $46,500. On March 2, 1904, Abraham Levy and the World Realty Company sold 444 East 58th Street to the Schlessinger brothers. ^{[25] [26]} Hyman Schlessinger and his brother kept the building from March 5, 1904, until they sold it to Gustav Lewkowitz and Herman Fuld on May 15, 1906. ^[27]

Evolution of Sutton Place: 1906–1928

Gustav Lewkowitz, his wife Minna Lewkowitz, Herman Fuld, and his wife Therese Fuld purchased 444 East 58th Street on May 16, 1906, and owned it for 22 years until September 1928, when the property was sold to Lawrence T. Berliner. ^{[28] [29]} Berliner purchased the property for investment on September 1928, expecting to tear it down and create a bigger, more modern building, but in December 1928, he sold it to Nicholas Zurla. ^{[29] [30]}

Rental building: 1928–1984

After Zurla purchased the building, the River Book House opened at 444 East 58th Street on May 7, 1932, by E. R. Armstrong and J. M. Wolcott. Announced in The Publishers' Weekly as a new neighborhood bookshop, it was styled to serve the growing Sutton Place community and took its name from the nearby East River. ^[31]

In 1937, the building was listed as the residence of cartoonist Lou Sheppard, who looked for original cartoon ideas in Writer's Digest in May that year, and was willing to split proceeds. ^[32]

In the mid‑1940s, 444 East 58th Street housed the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, directed by Dr. Howard A. Rusk, a pioneer of modern rehabilitation medicine. The Institute, which later became affiliated with New York University and evolved into the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, was among the first comprehensive rehabilitation centers in the United States. Contemporary medical journals and directories list the Institute at this address, with staff including physical therapists such as Irene Hargraves. ^{[33] [34]} On March 4, 1982, Barry Levites and Howard Parnes purchased the building. ^[35]

Rental prices

Monthly rental prices of 444 East 58th Street, with relevant details

Date	Price	Further details	Refs.
November 4, 1929	$65-$70	2-bedroom/1-bath apartment	[36]
February 7, 1930	$65-$75		[37]
January 20, 1943	$55-$65		[38]
December 4, 1955	$165-$175	Prices varied before and after elevator installation, respectively.	[39]
May 15, 1966	$242	Listed for $242 as rent controlled, Eat-in Kitchen, French windows, Air Conditioner, sublet 1.5 years.	[40]
December 20, 1970	$305	2-bedroom apartment with an elevator	[41]
December 3, 1972	$350	Apartment was listed as newly decorated with a modern kitchen and air conditioning.	[42]

Cooperative years (1984–present)

On September 7, 1984, 444 58th Street became a cooperative, known as 444-446 E 58TH OWNERS CP. As of the 2010s and 2020s, real-estate listings describe the co-op as having a video intercom, and a common laundry room. On July 30, 2015, Sutton 58 purchased the air rights of 444 East 58th Street for $16,912,626. ^{[43] [44] [45] [4] [46] [21]}

Tenants and demographics

In 1910, the U.S. census recorded primarily immigrant families from Austria, Bohemia, Russia, England, Romania, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Armenia. Heads of household included bakers, machinists, hatmakers, merchants, decorators, hotel workers, carpenters, plumbers, policemen, bartenders, dressmakers, and janitors. A total of 82 people lived in the building, averaging 3.15 persons per apartment. ^[47]

The 1920 census recorded a higher proportion of U.S.-born residents, alongside immigrants from Bavaria, Germany, Russia, Puerto Rico, Austria, Hungary, Canada, England, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland, and Slovakia. Occupations included plumbers, cigar makers, librarians, taxi drivers, bakers, clerks, barbers, teachers, druggists, and jewelers. 94 people lived in the building, averaging 3.62 persons per apartment. ^[48]

The 1930 census listed tenants from Sweden, Russia, Norway, the Netherlands, Canada, Germany, England, Italy, the Philippines, and Northern Ireland. Professions included building superintendent, glass glazer, fur cutter, grocery owner, teacher, hotel chef, film director, musician (Mario Braggiotti), and dance instructor (Gloria Braggiotti Etting). 66 people lived in the building, averaging 2.53 persons per apartment. ^[49]

By 1940, the census reflected fewer immigrants, with residents from France, England, Sweden, Wales, Germany, Austria, and Hungary. Occupations included draftsman, advertising publisher, radio writer, teacher, fashion artist, songwriter (Jerry Seelen), and real estate manager. 57 people lived in the building, averaging 2.19 persons per apartment. ^[50]

The first post–World War II census, in 1950, recorded residents from Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Austria, France, Germany, and Canada. Occupations included painter, speech pathologist (Esti Freud), broadcasting editor, clothing designer, sales engineer, and airline reservation agent. 45 people lived in the building, averaging 1.7 per apartment. ^[51]

Architecture

Form

The building has six floors, with two apartments per floor, and two basement units with private access to the backyard. The common laundry room is located on the ground floor, in between the two units. The basement units are therefore elongated, covering the building from front to back. ^[52] The first floor was originally devised to hold two commercial establishments on the front, so apartments have a different layout than apartments on floors 2 to 6. ^{[53] [54] [55]}

A central air shaft exists to allow for a corridor window and a walk-in closet window for apartments in columns B and C. ^{[56] [57]} Apartments in columns A and D do not have a walk-in closet or access to the air shaft. ^{[58] [59]}

Façade

444 East 58th St façade, example of mascaron

The building's façade has a tripartite composition consisting of a rusticated base, a repetitive brickwork shaft, and a crowning top story with round-arched windows and a prominent projecting cornice. The overall design is symmetric, with five evenly spaced bays and a central axis reinforced by the entrance and stacked fire escapes. The window openings are rectilinear in the lower and middle floors, with enriched lintels to the upper level's round arches framed by archivolts and keystones. ^[60] The current windows open vertically, while the 1940 city records display horizontally opening windows. ^[61]

The cornice features paired modillions and carved soffit panels. The arched openings include archivolts and keystones, in several places carved as mascarons or other sculpted heads. Additional decorations include cartouches, leafy grotesques, and high-relief panels of swags, garlands, and wreaths. The entrance is framed by paired columns with simplified classical capitals supporting an entablature with a decorated frieze. Stringcourses and belt courses are also present. The façade materials consist of a buff or gray brick field contrasted with limestone, cast stone, or terracotta trim for lintels, arches, keystones, and sculptural reliefs. ^[60]

Interior renovations

Lobby of the 444 East 58th Street building as of December 2025

Initially designed as a walkup, in 1956, the building was upgraded with an elevator. ^[62] The building was upgraded between July 2011 and December 2012 to feature a common laundry room. ^{[63] [64]}

The lobby and common areas have all been renovated since the building's conversion to a co-op, with the most recent updates occurring prior to 2021. ^{[65] [66]} Listing photographs from the early 2020s show a renovated lobby with a black-and-white patterned tile floor, mirrored wall panels around the elevator, and updated trim and moldings. These images also show light-colored wall finishes and a modernized elevator door within the building's original pre-war layout. ^[67]

Notable residents

Over time, 444 East 58th Street became home to a range of residents active in cultural, professional, and civic life. The building's Sutton Place location and modest scale made it accessible to individuals working in the arts and public affairs, several of whom achieved recognition in their respective fields, as seen below.

• Crockett Johnson, between his birth in 1906 and his sister's birth in 1910. He was an American cartoonist, children's book illustrator, and writer. ^[68]
• Mario Braggiotti, in 1930, with his younger sister Gloria. He was a pianist, composer and raconteur, whose career was launched by George Gershwin, who became his friend and mentor. ^[49]
• Gloria Braggiotti Etting, in 1930, with her older brother Mario. She was a dancer, newspaper columnist, photographer, and writer, later married to Emlen Etting. ^[49]
• Dr Rubert S Anderson, from 1932 to 1941, at least. ^{[69] [70]}
• Joy Montgomery Higgins, in 1934. She was an American suffragist, social worker, writer, and cultural advocate who championed women's rights, community welfare, and the arts. ^{[71] [72]}
• Isaac Don Levine, in 1936. He was a 20th-century Russian-born American journalist and anticommunist writer, who is known as a specialist on the Soviet Union. ^[73]
• Jerry Seelen, in 1940. He was a prolific American lyricist and screenwriter whose career spanned radio, television, and musical theater from the 1930s through the 1960s. ^[50]
• Esti Freud, from 1943 until at least 1960. She was an Austrian-American speech therapist (logopedist / speech-language pathologist) and Sigmund Freud's daughter-in-law. ^{[74] [75] [76]}
• Carl A Berntsen Jr, in 1948. He was an American physician, pathologist, and medical historian. ^[77]
• Cornelius P. Rhoads, in 1948. He was an American pathologist and oncologist ^[78]
• Charles Carshon, in 1949. He was an actor, director, teacher, Off-Broadway pioneer. ^{[79] [80]}
• Peter Turgeon, from 1949 till at least 1964. He was an American stage, film, and television actor, as well as a stage manager. ^{[81] [82]}
• Detlev F. Vagts, in 1958. He was a leading scholar of international law, known for his long career at Harvard Law School and his contributions to the study of international economic and business law. ^[83]
• Ulrich K. Henschke, in 1963. He was the "father of modern brachytherapy". ^[84]
• Nicolai Abracheff, in 1978. He was an abstract painter and director of the Abracheff School of Art. ^[85]
• Luther Greene, from around 1959 to 1987. He was a theatrical producer, particularly active in New York in the 1930's and 40's, turned landscape architect in the 1950's. ^{[86] [87]}
• Drue Heinz, actress, philanthropist, arts patron, and socialite, owned apartment GE, the same unit previously occupied by Luther Green, sold by her Estate in 2020. ^[88]

Reception and cultural significance

In 1928, The New York Times called 444 East 58th Street "a good example of the type of house in that section of the city", referring to Sutton Place. ^[29]

On May 7, 1932, the River Book House opened at 444 East 58th Street, by E. R. Armstrong and J. M. Wolcott. Announced in The Publishers' Weekly as a new neighborhood bookshop, it was styled to serve the growing Sutton Place community and took its name from the nearby East River. ^[31]

Between around 1959 and 1987, Luther Greene, who lived and had a workshop and garden at a ground apartment. The apartment was featured at Architectural Digest in November 1979, where it was described as "a shell grotto quite worthy of eighteenth-century Bayreuth or nineteenth-century Bavaria" and the article finishes with "remarkable underground New York apartment. The wonders will no doubt continue." ^[87]

Sometime between 1987 and 1991, when Architectural Digest published a new story about the same ground apartment, the space went through a transformation, now under Drue Heinz's ownership. The five-ambients turned into a very long library, hosting primarily Ecco Press backlist, and back numbers of Anteaus Magazine , plus two rooms far away from each other "and author who missed his plane and the critic who reviewed his latest book unfavorably." The grotto was re-architected by Pietro Cicognani, of Ciocognani Kala. Per the article "The apartment has the feeling of a cloister, of a library in a monastery". The bookshelves could still be seen in the 2019 photos as the apartment went for sale by the Estate of Drue Heinz. ^{[89] [52] [88]}

Gallery

• 
  Corinthian columns
• 
  Lunette with dragons on top of a cartouche, and two modillions
• 
  Part of the façade
• 
  Mascaron depicting a king motif
• 
  Mascaron depicting a lady

See also

• Sutton Place, Manhattan
• George F. Pelham
• Beaux-Arts architecture in New York City
• Architecture of New York City
• List of buildings, sites, and monuments in New York City

Notes

1. The official completion date of 1901 is supported by property management records and archival data. Some modern commercial real estate databases cite a later date, such as 1920 or 1921. Property records and the 1906 birth of cartoonist Crockett Johnson in the building indicate a 1901 completion date, contradicting these later estimates. ^{[21] [22] [23] [24]}

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Further reading

• Gray, Christopher. Sutton Place, Uncommon Community by the River (Sutton Area Community, 1997) ISBN   0-9652934-0-8