693

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Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
693 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 693
DCXCIII
Ab urbe condita 1446
Armenian calendar 142
ԹՎ ՃԽԲ
Assyrian calendar 5443
Balinese saka calendar 614–615
Bengali calendar 100
Berber calendar 1643
Buddhist calendar 1237
Burmese calendar 55
Byzantine calendar 6201–6202
Chinese calendar 壬辰年 (Water  Dragon)
3389 or 3329
     to 
癸巳年 (Water  Snake)
3390 or 3330
Coptic calendar 409–410
Discordian calendar 1859
Ethiopian calendar 685–686
Hebrew calendar 4453–4454
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 749–750
 - Shaka Samvat 614–615
 - Kali Yuga 3793–3794
Holocene calendar 10693
Iranian calendar 71–72
Islamic calendar 73–74
Japanese calendar Shuchō 8
(朱鳥8年)
Javanese calendar 585–586
Julian calendar 693
DCXCIII
Korean calendar 3026
Minguo calendar 1219 before ROC
民前1219年
Nanakshahi calendar −775
Seleucid era 1004/1005 AG
Thai solar calendar 1235–1236
Tibetan calendar 阳水龙年
(male Water-Dragon)
819 or 438 or −334
     to 
阴水蛇年
(female Water-Snake)
820 or 439 or −333
Begga of Landen (615-693) Begga de landen.jpg
Begga of Landen (615–693)

Year 693 ( DCXCIII ) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 693 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

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St Erkenwald, Saxon Prince, bishop and saint known as the "Light of London" died in this year Chertsey Breviary - St. Erkenwald.jpg
St Erkenwald, Saxon Prince, bishop and saint known as the "Light of London" died in this year

Related Research Articles

The 820s decade ran from January 1, 820, to December 31, 829.

The 700s decade ran from January 1, 700, to December 31, 709.

The 640s decade ran from January 1, 640, to December 31, 649.

The 660s decade ran from January 1, 660, to December 31, 669.

The 670s decade ran from January 1, 670, to December 31, 679.

The 690s decade ran from January 1, 690, to December 31, 699.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">740</span> Calendar year

Year 740 (DCCXL) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 740th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 740th year of the 1st millennium, the 40th year of the 8th century, and the 1st year of the 740s decade. The denomination 740 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">705</span> Calendar year

Year 705 (DCCV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 705th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 705th year of the 1st millennium, the 5th year of the 8th century, and the 6th year of the 700s decade. The denomination 705 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">676</span> Calendar year

Year 676 (DCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 676 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">879</span> Calendar year

Year 879 (DCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Offa of Mercia</span> Anglo-Saxon King of Mercia from 757 to 796

Offa was King of Mercia, a kingdom of Anglo-Saxon England, from 757 until his death. The son of Thingfrith and a descendant of Eowa, Offa came to the throne after a period of civil war following the assassination of Æthelbald. Offa defeated the other claimant, Beornred. In the early years of Offa's reign, it is likely that he consolidated his control of Midland peoples such as the Hwicce and the Magonsæte. Taking advantage of instability in the kingdom of Kent to establish himself as overlord, Offa also controlled Sussex by 771, though his authority did not remain unchallenged in either territory. In the 780s he extended Mercian Supremacy over most of southern England, allying with Beorhtric of Wessex, who married Offa's daughter Eadburh, and regained complete control of the southeast. He also became the overlord of East Anglia and had King Æthelberht II of East Anglia beheaded in 794, perhaps for rebelling against him.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ecgberht, King of Wessex</span> 8th and 9th-century Anglo-Saxon King of Wessex

Ecgberht, also spelled Egbert, Ecgbert, Ecgbriht, Ecgbeorht, and Ecbert, was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839. His father was King Ealhmund of Kent. In the 780s, Ecgberht was forced into exile to Charlemagne's court in the Frankish Empire by the kings Offa of Mercia and Beorhtric of Wessex, but on Beorhtric's death in 802, Ecgberht returned and took the throne.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Æthelred of Mercia</span> 7th and 8th-century King of Mercia

Æthelred was king of Mercia from 675 until 704. He was the son of Penda of Mercia and came to the throne in 675, when his brother, Wulfhere of Mercia, died from an illness. Within a year of his accession he invaded Kent, where his armies destroyed the city of Rochester. In 679 he defeated his brother-in-law, Ecgfrith of Northumbria, at the Battle of the Trent: the battle was a major setback for the Northumbrians, and effectively ended their military involvement in English affairs south of the Humber. It also permanently returned the kingdom of Lindsey to Mercia's possession. However, Æthelred was unable to re-establish his predecessors' domination of southern Britain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wulfhere of Mercia</span> 7th-century King of Mercia

Wulfhere or Wulfar was King of Mercia from 658 until 675 AD. He was the first Christian king of all of Mercia, though it is not known when or how he converted from Anglo-Saxon paganism. His accession marked the end of Oswiu of Northumbria's overlordship of southern England, and Wulfhere extended his influence over much of that region. His campaigns against the West Saxons led to Mercian control of much of the Thames valley. He conquered the Isle of Wight and the Meon valley and gave them to King Æthelwealh of the South Saxons. He also had influence in Surrey, Essex, and Kent. He married Eormenhild, the daughter of King Eorcenberht of Kent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coenwulf of Mercia</span> King of Mercia from 796 to 821

Coenwulf was the King of Mercia from December 796 until his death in 821. He was a descendant of King Pybba, who ruled Mercia in the early 7th century. He succeeded Ecgfrith, the son of Offa; Ecgfrith only reigned for five months, and Coenwulf ascended the throne in the same year that Offa died. In the early years of Coenwulf's reign he had to deal with a revolt in Kent, which had been under Offa's control. Eadberht Præn returned from exile in Francia to claim the Kentish throne, and Coenwulf was forced to wait for papal support before he could intervene. When Pope Leo III agreed to anathematise Eadberht, Coenwulf invaded and retook the kingdom; Eadberht was taken prisoner, was blinded, and had his hands cut off. Coenwulf also appears to have lost control of the kingdom of East Anglia during the early part of his reign, as an independent coinage appears under King Eadwald. Coenwulf's coinage reappears in 805, indicating that the kingdom was again under Mercian control. Several campaigns of Coenwulf's against the Welsh are recorded, but only one conflict with Northumbria, in 801, though it is likely that Coenwulf continued to support the opponents of the Northumbrian king Eardwulf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hwicce</span> Tribal kingdom in Anglo-Saxon England

Hwicce was a tribal kingdom in Anglo-Saxon England. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the kingdom was established in 577, after the Battle of Deorham. After 628, the kingdom became a client or sub-kingdom of Mercia as a result of the Battle of Cirencester.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wiglaf of Mercia</span> 9th-century King of Mercia

Wiglaf was King of Mercia from 827 to 829 and again from 830 until his death. His ancestry is uncertain: the 820s were a period of dynastic conflict within Mercia and the genealogy of several of the kings of this time is unknown. Wigstan, his grandson, was later recorded as a descendant of Penda of Mercia, so it is possible that Wiglaf was descended from Penda, one of the most powerful seventh-century kings of Mercia.

Beorhtwulf was King of Mercia, a kingdom of Anglo-Saxon England, from 839 or 840 to 852. His ancestry is unknown, though he may have been connected to Beornwulf, who ruled Mercia in the 820s. Almost no coins were issued by Beorhtwulf's predecessor, Wiglaf, but a Mercian coinage was restarted by Beorhtwulf early in his reign, initially with strong similarities to the coins of Æthelwulf of Wessex, and later with independent designs. The Vikings attacked within a year or two of Beorhtwulf's accession: the province of Lindsey was raided in 841, and London, a key centre of Mercian commerce, was attacked the following year. Another Viking assault on London in 851 "put Beorhtwulf to flight", according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; the Vikings were subsequently defeated by Æthelwulf. This raid may have had a significant economic impact on Mercia, as London coinage is much reduced after 851.

Ceolwulf II was the last king of independent Mercia. He succeeded Burgred of Mercia who was deposed by the Vikings in 874. His reign is generally dated 874 to 879 based on a Mercian regnal list which gives him a reign of five years. However, D. P. Kirby argues that he probably reigned into the early 880s. By 883, he was replaced by Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians, who became ruler of Mercia with the support of Alfred the Great, king of Wessex.

Oshere was king of the Hwicce, an Anglo-Saxon tribe occupying land in what later became Gloucestershire and Worcestershire. A member of the royal house of Northumbria, Oshere was a sub-king to Æthelred, king of Mercia.

References

Sources

  • Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology (third revised ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN   0-521-56350-X.
  • Kirby, D. P. (1992). The Earliest English Kings. London: Routledge. ISBN   0-415-09086-5.