Acacia bivenosa

Last updated

Two nerved wattle
Acacia bivenosa habit.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Clade: Mimosoid clade
Genus: Acacia
Species:
A. bivenosa
Binomial name
Acacia bivenosa
DC.
Acacia bivenosaDistMap118.png
Occurrence data from AVH
Foliage and flowers Acacia bivenosa foliage and flowers.jpg
Foliage and flowers
Seed pods Acacia bivenosa pods.jpg
Seed pods

Acacia bivenosa, commonly known as two-nerved wattle, [1] [2] two-veined wattle or hill umbrella bush, [3] is a species of Acacia found in northern Australia.

Contents

Other names for this species are derived from several Australian languages. The Kurrama peoples know the plant as murrurpa, murrurbaor and morama, the Panyjima call it mururru and the Nyangumarta mururr. [3]

Description

The bushy glabrous shrub has a rounded to spreading habit and normally 1 to 3 metres (3 to 10 ft) in height, sometimes reaching 5 m (16 ft) [4] and usually to a width of 3 m (10 ft). [3] The bark is smooth and a light grey colour. The narrowly elliptic to oblong-elliptic or obovate to oblanceolate, phyllodes have a length of 2 to 7 centimetres (0.8 to 2.8 in) and a width of 6 to 20 millimetres (0.24 to 0.79 in). [3] It produces yellow flowers from April to November. [4] The simple inflorescences have globular heads with a diameter of about 10 mm (0.39 in) containing 16 to 32 rich golden flowers. Following flowering woody light brown seed pods form that are 2 to 10 cm (0.8 to 3.9 in) long and 5 to 9 mm (0.20 to 0.35 in). The pods have a straight to shallowly curved shape and contains glossy, dark brown to black seeds that are arranged longitudinally inside. The seeds have an obloid-ellipsoid shape and are 4 to 6 mm (0.16 to 0.24 in) long and 2.5 to 4 mm (0.10 to 0.16 in) with a red to orange aril. [3]

Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in the work Leguminosae. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. Synonyms for the species include Acacia elliptica, Acacia binervosa, Acacia bivenosa var. borealis and Acacia bivenosa subsp. bivenosa. It was briefly reclassified as Racosperma bivenosum in 2003 by Leslie Pedley before being reverted to the current name in 2006. [5]

A group of Acacia known as the A. bivenosa group of plants with similar features contains 12 species including; A. ampliceps , A. bivenosa, A. cupularis , A. didyma , A. ligulata , A. rostellifera , A. salicina , A. sclerosperma , A. startii , A. telmica , A. tysonii and A. xanthina . [2]

Distribution and habitat

It is widespread in arid areas of northern Australia. It is common in the Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia. [4] Also found in the Northern Territory and western Queensland, north of 25°S, with an outlier on Dorre Island, Shark Bay, Western Australia. It grows in various kinds of soils, including coastal sand, on rocky hills and gullies, in shrubland and open woodland, and is often associated with spinifex. [2]

Uses

The bush can be heavily grazed by stock, especially as a seedling. Indigenous Australians used to find edible grubs from around the roots. It is often used in land rehabilitation as a primary colonizer. [3] It is commercially available in seed form for garden planting in dry environments. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Acacia translucens</i> Species of legume

Acacia translucens, commonly known as poverty bush, is a shrub that is endemic to a large area of north western Australia.

<i>Acacia inaequilatera</i> Species of legume

Acacia inaequilatera, commonly known as kanji bush, baderi, camel bush, fire wattle, kanyji bush or ranji bush is a tree in the family Mimosaceae. Endemic to Australia, it is widely distributed in the semi-arid Triodia country eastwards from Karratha, Western Australia into the Northern Territory.

<i>Acacia xiphophylla</i> Species of legume

Acacia xiphophylla, commonly known as snakewood or snake-wood, is a tree in the family Fabaceae that is endemic to Western Australia. The indigenous group the Martuthunira, Ngarluma and Yindjibarndi peoples know it as marrawa, the Kariyarra know it as puluru and the Jiwarli know it as pukarti.

<i>Acacia murrayana</i> Species of legume

Acacia murrayana is a tree in the family Fabaceae. It has numerous common names, including sandplain wattle, Murray's wattle, fire wattle, colony wattle and powder bark wattle that is endemic to arid areas in every mainland State except Victoria.

<i>Acacia colei</i> Species of legume

Acacia colei is a perennial bush or tree native to northern Australia and southern Asia. A common name for it is Cole's wattle. Acacia colei blooms from May through September and the flowers are bright yellow.

<i>Acacia pyrifolia</i> Species of legume

Acacia pyrifolia, commonly known as ranji bush is a shrub that is endemic to the north of Western Australia.

<i>Acacia monticola</i> Species of legume

Acacia monticola, commonly known as red wattle, gawar, curly-bark wattle, curly-bark tree and hill turpentine, is a species of plant in the legume family that is native to northern Australia.

<i>Acacia acradenia</i> Species of legume

Acacia acradenia, commonly known as Velvet Hill wattle and silky wattle, is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae. It is native to northern and central Australia. The Indigenous Australian group the Nyangumarta peoples know it as walypuna the Alyawarr call it ampwey, the Jaminjung and Ngaliwurru know it as Mindiwirri, the Jaru as binbali or gundalyji, the Kaytetye as ampweye or arwele and the Warlpiri as ngardurrkura.

<i>Acacia ancistrocarpa</i> Species of legume

Acacia ancistrocarpa, commonly known as fitzroy wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae. The shrub is also known as fish hook wattle, pindan wattle and shiny leaved wattle.

<i>Acacia aptaneura</i> Species of plant

Acacia aptaneura, commonly known as slender mulga, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae. It is native to central and western parts of Australia.

<i>Acacia atkinsiana</i> Species of legume

Acacia atkinsiana, commonly known as Atkin's wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae endemic to Australia. The indigenous peoples of the area where the shrub is found, the Kurrama peoples, know the shrub as Bilari or Pilarri.

<i>Acacia distans</i> Species of legume

Acacia distans is a tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is endemic to arid parts of western Australia.

<i>Acacia orthocarpa</i> Species of legume

Acacia orthocarpa, also commonly known as Pilbara weeping wattle, needle-leaf wattle or straight-podded wattle, is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is endemic to tropical parts of northern Australia. The indigenous Nyangumarta peoples know it as yartupu.

<i>Acacia rhodophloia</i> Species of legume

Acacia rhodophloia, commonly known as minni ritchi or western red mulga, is a tree or shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae that is endemic to a large area of arid central western Australia. The Indigenous group the Kurrama peoples know the plant as mantaru.

<i>Acacia sibirica</i> Species of plant

Acacia sibirica, commonly known as bastard mulga or false witchetty bush, is a tree or shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Juliflorae. It is native to arid areas of Australia.

<i>Acacia cupularis</i> Species of plant

Acacia cupularis, commonly known as the Coastal Umbrella Bush, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to southern parts of Australia.

<i>Acacia dictyophleba</i> Species of plant

Acacia dictyophleba, also known as the sandhill wattle, waxy wattle and feather veined wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae. The Nyangumarta peoples know the plant as Langkur or Lungkun and the Thalanyji know it as Jabandi.

<i>Acacia glaucocaesia</i> Species of legume

Acacia glaucocaesia is a shrub or tree belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to north western parts of Australia.

<i>Acacia gregorii</i> Species of legume

Acacia gregorii, commonly known as Gregory's wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae native to Western Australia.

<i>Acacia melleodora</i> Species of plant

Acacia melleodora, commonly known as scented wax wattle, waxy wattle, honey wattle or honey scented wattle, is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to arid parts of central Australia.

References

  1. 1 2 "Acacia bivenosa Two-nerved Wattle". Nindethana Australian Seeds. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 "Acacia bivenosa". World Wide Wattle. Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Acacia bivenosa". Wattles of the Pilbara. Government of Western Australia . Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 "Acacia bivenosa". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  5. "''Acacia bivenosa DC". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved 22 August 2018.