Almshouse Farm at Machipongo | |
Location | 12402 Lankford Hwy., Machipongo, Virginia |
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Coordinates | 37°24′15″N75°54′21″W / 37.40417°N 75.90583°W |
Area | 17.9 acres (7.2 ha) |
Built | c. 1725 | , c. 1840, 1910
Built by | W.G. Dondelton, David A. Dunton, |
Architectural style | Greek Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 02000317 [1] |
VLR No. | 065-0053 |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | April 1, 2002 |
Designated VLR | September 12, 2001 [2] |
Almshouse Farm at Machipongo, now known as the Barrier Islands Center, is a historic almshouse for Northampton County residents. Residents, also known as "inmates", included those sent for unpaid debts but also included homeless people, the mentally ill, orphans and those with diseases like tuberculosis and smallpox. "Inmates" were generally directed by the court to live at the almshouse. The Almshouse Farm served as the site for the Northampton County poorhouse for almost 150 years, from 1804 until 1952. African-Americans were housed in a separate building on the property located at Machipongo, Northampton County, Virginia. The oldest of the three main buildings was built about 1725, and is a 1 1/2-half story structure built in two parts, one brick and one frame, and probably predates the almshouse use of the property. The main building was built about 1840, and is a frame, two-story building in the vernacular Greek Revival style. It housed residents of the almshouse farm. A building dated to 1910, is a one-story frame building in a form resembling that of one-story frame school buildings from the same period and was specifically constructed to separately house African-American residents. There were 10 rooms for the black poor, and no in-house plumbing. This building was renovated in 2013 and now serves as the BIC Education Building. Also on the property are two contributing small, frame, late-19 or early 20th-century outbuildings. The Northampton County Almshouse Farm was in continuous operation between 1803 and 1952. [3]
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. [1]
The Barrier Islands Center is housed on the former site of the Almshouse Farm. The Center has three main activities, as a local history museum, as an education and enrichment center, and as a community gathering place.
The Barrier Islands Center Museum interprets the culture and history of the people of the Barrier Islands using historic photographs and artifacts.
The Center offers programs, workshops, concerts and events about the arts, culture, nature, science and history for all ages.
Exmore is the largest town in Northampton County on the Eastern Shore of the U.S. state of Virginia. The population was 1,473 at the 2020 census. A popular story is that Exmore received its name because it is the tenth railroad station south of the Delaware state line, so there were "X more" stations to go. The same website also states another theory behind the town's name—that it was named for Exmoor, Devon, in south west England. This theory is more plausible because many towns and counties in Virginia were named for places in England. Northampton County itself was named for Northamptonshire.
Piney Grove at Southall's Plantation is a property listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Holdcroft, Charles City County, Virginia. The scale and character of the collection of domestic architecture at this site recall the vernacular architectural traditions of the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries along the James River.
Machipongo is an unincorporated community in Northampton County, Virginia, United States.
Carroll County Almshouse and Farm, also known as the Carroll County Farm Museum, is a historic farm complex located at Westminster, Carroll County, Maryland. It consists of a complex of 15 buildings including the main house and dependencies. The 30-room brick main house was originally designed and constructed for use as the county almshouse. It is a long, three-story, rectangular structure, nine bays wide at the first- and second-floor levels of both front and rear façades. It features a simple frame cupola sheltering a farm bell. A separate two-story brick building with 14 rooms houses the original summer kitchen, wash room, and baking room, and may have once housed farm and domestic help. Also on the property is a brick, one-story dairy with a pyramidal roof dominated by a pointed finial of exaggerated height with Victorian Gothic "icing" decorating the eaves; a large frame and dressed stone bank barn; and a blacksmith's shop, spring house, smokehouse, ice house, and numerous other sheds and dependencies all used as a part of the working farm museum activities. The original Carroll County Almshouse was founded in 1852 and the Farm Museum was established in 1965.
Brook Farm is a historic country estate farm at 4203 Twenty Mile Stream Road in Cavendish, Vermont. It includes one of the state's grandest Colonial Revival mansion houses, and surviving outbuildings of a model farm of the turn of the 20th century. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. The property is now home to the Brook Farm Vineyard.
Coast Guard Station Cobb Island is a former United States Coast Guard Station that was built on the southern end of Cobb Island, Virginia, one of Virginia's Barrier Islands, on Virginia's Eastern Shore, in 1936, to replace an earlier c. 1877 Coast Guard Station that had been damaged by a hurricane. The Coast Guard decommissioned Station Cobb Island in 1964. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) acquired the abandoned former Station Cobb Island in 1973. TNC moved the buildings comprising the former Station Cobb Island, by barge, eight miles across Cobb Island Bay, to a newly prepared site in Oyster, Northampton County, Virginia, on Virginia's Eastern Shore, in May 1998. TNC subsequently restored the former Station Cobb Island as a nature education center/lodge/conference center through adaptive reuse. The property is currently listed for sale.
Blenheim is a historic home and farm complex located at Blenheim, Albemarle County, Virginia. The once very large surrounding plantation was established by John Carter. Late in the 18th century, his son Edward Carter became the county's largest landowner, and in addition to public duties including service in the Virginia General Assembly built a mansion on this plantation where he and his family resided mostly in summers, but which was destroyed by fire and sold by auction circa 1840.
Seven Oaks Farm is a historic home and farm complex located near Greenwood, Albemarle County, Virginia. It was formerly known as Clover Plains and owned by John Garrett, who assisted with building the University of Virginia and was a bursar with the university. After Dr. Garrett's death, the farm was sold to the Bowen family and inherited by the Shirley family. In 1903, it was bought by Marion Langhorne of Richmond, a relative of Chiswell Dabney Langhorne, father of the famous Gibson girls, who lived at nearby Mirador. The land is named after the original seven oak trees on the property named after the first seven presidents born in Virginia. Only one of the original seven trees still standing after six were destroyed in 1954 in the aftermath of Hurricane Hazel. The main house was built about 1847–1848, and is a two-story, five-bay, hipped-roof frame building with a three-bay north wing. The interior features Greek Revival style design details. It has a two-story, pedimented front portico in the Colonial Revival style addition. Sam Black's Tavern is a one-story, two-room, gable-roofed log house with a center chimney and shed-roofed porch. Black's Tavern has since been moved to the adjacent Mirador property circa 1989. It was originally owned by Samuel Black, a Presbyterian minister of the Sam Black Church in West Virginia. Blacksburg, Virginia, was named after the family. Other buildings on the farm include an ice house, smokehouse, dairy, greenhouse, barns, a carriage house, a garage and several residences for farm employees. The ice house on the land, typically framed in an octagonal shape, in fact only has six sides.
Limestone, also known as Limestone Plantation and Limestone Farm, has two historic homes and a farm complex located near Keswick, Albemarle County, Virginia. The main dwelling at Limestone Farm consists of a long, narrow two-story central section flanked by two wings. the main section was built about 1840, and the wings appear to be two small late-18th-century dwellings that were incorporated into the larger building. It features a two-story porch. The house underwent another major renovation in the 1920s, when Colonial Revival-style detailing was added. The second dwelling is the Robert Sharp House, also known as the Monroe Law Office. It was built in 1794, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, brick and frame structure measuring 18 feet by 24 feet. Also on the property are a contributing shed (garage), corncrib, cemetery, a portion of a historic roadway, and a lime kiln known as "Jefferson's Limestone Kiln" (1760s). Limestone's owner in the late-18th century, Robert Sharp, was a neighbor and acquaintance of Thomas Jefferson. The property was purchased by James Monroe in 1816, after the death of Robert Sharp in 1808, and he put his brother Andrew Monroe in charge of its administration. The property was sold at auction in 1828.
Snake Creek Farm Historic District is a national historic district near Hillsville, Virginia. The district encompasses four contributing buildings and one contributing site on Snake Creek Farm. They include the main house, a frame spring house and meathouse, and a frame two-room schoolhouse. Also on the property is a large family cemetery. The main house was built about 1910, and is a 2½-story, double-pile, center-passage-plan frame dwelling.
Rose Bower is a historic farm complex located at Stoney Creek, Dinwiddie County, Virginia. The first building on the property is the 1+1⁄2-story kitchen built about 1818 as the primary dwelling. The main dwelling was built in 1826 during the Federal period. It is a two-story, frame, hall-parlor-plan house with a 1+1⁄2-story rear ell. Also on the property are a contributing early well cover, smokehouse, and the Rose family cemetery.
Grassdale Farm is a historic home located at Spencer, Henry County, Virginia. It was built about 1860, and is a two-story, center-passage-plan frame dwelling with Greek Revival and Greek Revival style influences. Two-story ells have been added to the rear of the main section, creating an overall "U" form. Also on the property are a variety of contributing buildings and outbuildings including a kitchen, smokehouse, cook's house, log dwelling, and office / caretaker's house dated to the 19th century; and a garage, playhouse, poultry house, two barns, greenhouse, Mack Watkin's House, granary and corn crib, and Spencer Store and Post Office dated to the 1940s-1950s. Grassdale Farm was once owned by Thomas Jefferson Penn, who built Chinqua-Penn Plantation outside Reidsville, North Carolina, where the Penn tobacco-manufacturing interests were located.
Grapeland is a historic plantation home located near Wardtown, Northampton County, Virginia. It was built about 1825, and is a two-story, three-bay, gable-roofed, Federal style brick house. It has a one-story, brick wing added in the mid-19th century. Also on the property are the contributing four-bay, frame kitchen building with a central chimney and an early 19th-century frame stable.
Hare Forest Farm is a historic home and farm complex located near Orange, Orange County, Virginia, United States. The main house was built in three sections starting about 1815. It consists of a two-story, four-bay, brick center block in the Federal style, a two-story brick dining room wing which dates from the early 20th century, and a mid-20th-century brick kitchen wing. Also on the property are the contributing stone garage, a 19th-century frame smokehouse with attached barn, an early-20th-century frame barn, a vacant early-20th-century tenant house, a stone tower, an early-20th-century frame tenant house, an abandoned storage house, as well as the stone foundations of three dwellings of undetermined date. The land was once owned by William Strother, maternal grandfather of Zachary Taylor, and it has often been claimed that the future president was born on the property.
Willow Grove, also known as the Clark House, is a historic plantation house located near Madison Mills, Orange County, Virginia. The main brick section was built about 1848, and is connected to a frame wing dated to about 1787. The main section is a 2+1⁄2-story, six-bay, Greek Revival-style brick structure on a high basement. The front facade features a massive, 2+1⁄2-story, tetrastyle pedimented portico with Tuscan order columns, a full Tuscan entablature, an arched brick podium, and Chinese lattice railings. Also on the property are numerous 19th-century dependencies and farm buildings, including a two-story schoolhouse, a one-story weaving house, a smokehouse, and a frame-and-stone barn and stable.
Mountain View Farm, also known as Pioneer Farms, is a historic home and farm complex located near Lexington, Rockbridge County, Virginia. The main house was built in 1854, and is a two-story, three-bay, brick dwelling, with a 1+1⁄2-story gabled kitchen and servant's wing, and one-story front and back porches. It features a Greek Revival style interior and has a standing seam metal hipped roof. The property includes an additional 13 contributing buildings and 3 contributing structures loosely grouped into a domestic complex and two agricultural complexes. They include a two-story, frame spring house / wash house, a frame meathouse, a one-room brick building that probably served as a secondary dwelling, a double-crib log barn, a large multi-use frame barn, a slatted corn crib with side and central wagon bays and a large granary.
Shenandoah County Farm, also known as the Shenandoah County Almshouse and Beckford Parish Glebe Farm, is a historic almshouse and poor farm located near Maurertown, Shenandoah County, Virginia. The almshouse was built in 1829, and is a large, brick Federal style institutional building. It consists of a two-story, five-bay central section flanked by one-story, eight-bay, flanking wings. A nearly identical building is at the Frederick County Poor Farm. A two-story, rear kitchen wing was added about 1850. Also on the property are the contributing stone spring house, a large modern frame barn (1952), a frame meat house (1894), a cemetery, and a portion of an American Civil War encampment site, occupied by Union troops prior to the Battle of Tom's Brook.
The Almshouse, also known as the City Home is a historic almshouse and hospital complex located in Richmond, Virginia.
The Burt–Cheney Farm is a historic farmstead on U.S. Route 302 in Bethlehem, New Hampshire. The main farm house, built in part about 1818, is a rare early Cape-style house, and is one of the oldest surviving buildings in the town. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
The John Adams Homestead/Wellscroft is a historic farmstead off West Sunset Hill Road in Harrisville, New Hampshire. The oldest portion of the farm's main house is a 1+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure built in the 1770s. It is one of the least-altered examples of early Cape style architecture in Harrisville, lacking typical alterations such as the additions of dormers and changes to the window sizes, locations, and shapes. The farmstead, including outbuildings and an area of roughly 2 acres (0.81 ha) distinct from the larger farm property, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.