Ash Hollow Formation

Last updated
Ash Hollow Formation
Stratigraphic range: Neogene
Ash Hollow Nebraska.JPG
Ash Hollow Formation in Nebraska
Type Geological formation
Unit of Ogallala Group
Location
RegionFlag of Nebraska.svg  Nebraska Flag of South Dakota.svg  South Dakota
CountryFlag of the United States.svg  United States

The Ash Hollow Formation of the Ogallala Group is a geological formation found in Nebraska and South Dakota. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period. It was named after Ash Hollow, Nebraska and can be seen in Ash Hollow State Historical Park. [1] Ashfall Fossil Beds State Historical Park is within this formation. [2]

Contents

Fossil content

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxonTaxon falsely reported as presentDubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Mammals

Bats

Bats reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Lasiurus L. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [3] Merritt Dam Member. [3] Distal portion of a left humerus (UNSM 100140). [3] A hairy-tailed bat.
Myotis M. sp. indet. Ashfall Fossil Beds. [3] Cap Rock Member. [3] A right dentary (UNSM 27898). [3] A mouse-eared bat.

Carnivorans

Carnivorans reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Aelurodon A. taxoides Brown, Cherry, Keyapaha, Knox, Sheridan, Hitchcock & Banner counties, Nebraska. [4] Cap Rock & Merritt Dam Members. [4] Abundant remains. [4] A borophagine dog.
Aelurodon taxoides.JPG
Barbourofelis B. frickiChannel deposits resting on upper part of the formation. [5] A barbourofelid.
M. Anton. (2013). Walking with sabertooths (fig. 1).png
B. morrisi Cherry County, Nebraska. [5] Channel deposit resting unconformably on the Cap Rock Member. [5] Skull (F:AM 79999) and right ramus (F:AM 80000). [5] A barbourofelid.
?B. whitfordi Brown County, Nebraska. [5] Lower part of the formation. [5] Right ramus (UNSM 25546). [5] A barbourofelid.
Carpocyon C. robustus Brown & Cherry counties, Nebraska. [4] Merritt Dam Member. [4] Skull elements. [4] A borophagine dog.
Epicyon E. haydeni Brown, Cherry, Keith and Sheridan counties, Nebraska. [4] Merritt Dam Member. [4] Multiple specimens. [4] A borophagine dog.
Epicyon haydeni 3.jpg
E. saevus Brown, Cherry, Antelope & Keith counties, Nebraska. [4] Cap Rock & Merritt Dam members. [4] Multiple specimens. [4] A borophagine dog.
Epicyon saevus mandible.jpg
Eucyon?E.? skinneriHans Johnson Quarry, Cherry County, Nebraska. [6] Merritt Dam Member. [6] Partial mandible (F:AM 25143). [6] A canine dog.
Ischyrocyon I. gidleyi Cherry & Keyapaha counties, Nebraska; Todd, Bennett & Mellette counties, South Dakota. [7] Cap Rock Member. [7] A bear-dog.
Leptarctus L. wortmaniNebraska & South Dakota. [8] Many undescribed specimens. [8] A mustelid.
Leptocyon L. matthewi Cherry, Brown & Antelope counties, Nebraska. [6] Merritt Dam & Cap Rock members. [6] Skull and limb elements. [6] A canine dog.
Leptocyon head restoration.jpg
Metalopex M. merriami Frontier County, Nebraska. [9] Premaxilla, maxilla and ramus fragments. [9] A fox.
Paratomarctus P. euthos Brown & Cherry counties, Nebraska, & Todd County, South Dakota. [4] Cap Rock & Merritt Dam members. [4] Numerous specimens. [4] A borophagine dog.
Pseudocyon P. sp. Brown & Cherry counties, Nebraska. [7] Cap Rock & Merritt Dam members. [7] A bear-dog.
Vulpes V. stenognathus Frontier County, Nebraska. [6] Left molar (UNSM 26136). [6] A fox.
Rattlesnake Formation Mural - Vulpes stenognathus.jpg

Eulipotyphlans

Eulipotyphlans reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Achlyoscapter A. sp.Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] A right ramal fragment (UW 6670). [10] A talpine mole.
Alluvisorex A. sp., cf. A. arcadentesLemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] UW 6734, 6735 & 7722; UNSM 27515. [10] A shrew.
Anouroneomys A. magnusLemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] A shrew.
Lemoynea L. biradicularisLemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] A desmanine mole.
Limnoecus cf. L. sp.Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] UW 6708 & 6739. [10] A medium-sized shrew.
Sorex S. edwardsiLemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] A medium-sized shrew.
S. yatkolaiLemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] UW 6731 (fragment of left ramus), 6732 & 6733. [10] A diminuitive shrew.
S. sp.Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] UW 6736, 6737 & 6738. [10] Probably a new species of shrew, larger than S. edwardsi.
Talpinae Undetermined genus & species 1Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] 2 teeth (UW 6671 & 10527). [10] A mole.
Undetermined genus & species 2Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] Teeth (UW 10521, 10522, 10523, 10524, 10525 & 10526). [10] A mole.
Undetermined genus & species 3Lemoyne Quarry, Keith County, Nebraska. [10] An isolated right molar (UW 6675). [10] A mole.

Lagomorphs

Lagomorphs reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Alilepus A. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Mandible and teeth. [11] A leporid.
Hesperolagomys H. sp., cf. H. galbreathiPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A premolar (UNSM 101709). [11] A pika.
Hypolagus H. cf. H. vetusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A right premolar (UNSM 101749). [11] A leporid.
Pronotolagus P. whiteiPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated premolar (UNSM 101675). [11] A leporid.
Russellagus R. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Lower molariform teeth. [11] A pika.

Rodents

Rodents reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Ammospermophilus A. junturensisPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Mandible and teeth. [11] An antelope squirrel.
White Tailed Squirrel.jpg
Antecalomys A. phthanusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth and mandibles. [11] A sigmodontine, and the most common fossil cricetid from Pratt Quarry.
Ceratogaulus C. anecdotus Brown County, Nebraska. [12] Merritt Dam & Cap Rock members. [12] Skulls, teeth and some postcranial remains. [12] A mylagaulid.
Ceratogaulus anecdotus.jpg
Copemys C. mariaePratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Mandibles. [11] A cricetid.
C. pisinnusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Mandibles and a maxilla. [11] A cricetid.
C. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated right molar (UNSM 101560). [11] A cricetid.
Cupidinimus C. prattensisPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A right mandible (UNSM 101501). [11] A dipodomyine.
Dipoides D. tanneriPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A little worn premolar (UNSM 101612). [11] A castorid.
Eucastor E. planusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth and a partial mandible. [11] Reassigned to Nothodipoides . [13]
Hystricops H. venustusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth. [11] A castorid.
Lignimus L. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth and mandible. [11] A possible harrymyine.
Megasminthus M. sp. indeterminatePratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Maxillae. [11] A jumping mouse.
Mioheteromys M. sp., cf. M. agrariusPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated premolar (UNSM 101750) and a partial mandible with lower incisor (UNSM 101573). [11] A heteromyid.
Mylagaulus M. monodonPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth, mandible and limb elements. [11] A mylagaulid.
Mylagaulus.jpg
Nothodipoides N. planus Brown County, Nebraska & Todd County, South Dakota. [11] [13] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth, partial mandible & partial skull. [13] A castorid.
Perognathus P. sp. Antelope County, Nebraska. [14] Fragmentary remains within burrows. [14] A pocket-mouse.
Perognathus flavus.jpg
?Petauristodon ?P. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A molar (UNSM 101659). [11] A petauristine, may represent a new species.
Phelosaccomys P. hibbardiPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth. [11] A possible geomyid.
Prodipoides P. dividerusNebraska. [15] Merritt Dam Member. [15] A castorid.
Protospermophilus P. sp., cf. P. quatalensisPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated molar (UNSM 101765). [11] A ground squirrel.
Pseudotheridomys cf. P. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] A right mandible with teeth (UNSM 101748). [11] An eomyid.
Pterogaulus P. barbarellaeNebraska. [12] Merritt Dam Member. [12] A mylagaulid.
cf. Sciurion cf. S. sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated left molar (UNSM 101769). [11] A flying squirrel.
Spermophilus S. (Otospermophilus) sp.Pratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] Teeth and jaws. [11] A ground squirrel.
OtospermophilusVariegatusGrandCanyon.jpg
Tregomys T. shotwelliPratt Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [11] Merritt Dam Member. [11] An isolated right molar (UNSM 101534). [11] A cricetid.

Ungulates

Ungulates reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Calippus C. cerasinus Cherry County, Nebraska. [16] Merritt Dam Member. [16] Multiple specimens. [16] An equid.
C. placidusMinnechaduza Fauna, northern Nebraska. [16] Cap Rock & lower Merritt Dam members. [16] An equid.
Cormohipparion C. frickiHollow Horn Bear Quarry, Todd County, South Dakota. [17] Skull elements. [17] An equid.
C. matthewi Cherry County, Nebraska. [17] Merritt Dam Member. [17] Multiple specimens. [17] An equid.
C. occidentale Cherry County, Nebraska. [17] Merritt Dam Member. [17] Numerous specimens. [17] An equid.
Cormohipparion occidentale.jpg
Macrogenis M. crassigenisAbove Burge Quarry, Brown County, Nebraska. [18] Merritt Dam Member. [18] Partial skull (F:AM AINS 467-333-1). [18] A peccary.
Mckennahyus M. parisidutrai Cherry County, Nebraska. [18] [19] Merritt Dam Member. [18] [19] Skull remains. [18] [19] A peccary.
Proantilocapra P. platycorneaNebraska. [20] Cap Rock Member. [20] An antilocaprid.
Pseudhipparion P. gratum Cherry County, Nebraska. [21] Cap Rock & lower Merritt Dam members. [21] An equid.
P. skinneri Brown & Cherry counties, Nebraska. [21] Merritt Dam Member. [21] Skull elements & teeth. [21] An equid also known from Florida.
Pseudoceras P. potteriNebraska. [22] Merritt Dam Member. [22] Junior synonym of P. skinneri.
P. skinneriNebraska. [22] Merritt Dam Member. [22] Multiple specimens. [22] A gelocid.
P. wilsoniNebraska. [22] Merritt Dam Member. [22] Junior synonym of P. skinneri.
Skinnerhyus S. shermerorum Cherry County, Nebraska. [18] [23] Merritt Dam Member. [18] [23] Skull remains. [23] A peccary.
Skinnerhyus NT.jpg
Tapirus T. johnsoni Brown (Pratt Slide), Cherry, Sheridan & Garden counties, Nebraska. [3] [24] Merritt Dam Member. [3] Jaw elements. [24] A tapir.
Teleoceras T. major Ashfall Fossil Beds, Nebraska. [2] Over 100 specimens. [2] A rhinoceros.
Teleoceras sp. (fossil rhinoceros) (Ash Hollow Formation, Miocene; Clayton Quinn Ranch, near Ainsworth, Nebraska, USA) 2 (33581552395).jpg
Ustatochoerus U. major Cherry County, Nebraska. [25] Upper part of the formation. [25] Numerous specimens. [25] A merycoidodontid.
U. profectusCap Rock Member. [5] Numerous specimens. [25] A merycoidodontid.
U. skinneri Cherry & Brown counties, Nebraska; Tripp County, South Dakota. [25] Multiple specimens. [25] A merycoidodontid.

Proboscideans

Proboscideans reported from the Valentine Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Amebelodon A. frickiFrontier & Garden counties, Nebraska. [26] [27] A gomphothere.
Amebelodon21.jpg

Reptiles

Birds

Birds reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Anas A. greeni Bennett County, South Dakota. [28] Distal half of a right humerus. [28] A teal duck originally reported as Nettion greeni. [28]
Anchigyps A. voorhiesiNear the town of Orchard, Antelope County, Nebraska. [29] Cap Rock Member. [29] Partial skeleton (UNSM 62877). [29] An accipitrid resembling an Old World vulture.
Apatosagittarius A. terrenusNebraska. [30] "A nearly complete tarsometatarsus with phalanges in place". [30] An accipitrid convergent with the secretarybird.
Apatosagittarius terrenus.jpg
Centuriavis C. lioaeNebraska. [31] Merritt Dam Member. [31] An exquisitely preserved partial skeleton. [31] A phasianid.
Nettion N. greeni Bennett County, South Dakota. [28] Distal half of a right humerus. [28] Lumped into the genus Anas .

Crocodilians

Crocodilians reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Alligator A. mefferdi Cherry County, Nebraska. [32] Upper portion of the formation. [32] A well-preserved skull and jaws, with some postcranial bones. [32] An alligator.
Crocodilia Antelope County, Nebraska. [33] Caprock Member. [33] 2 teeth & a dermal plate. [33]

Squamates

Squamates reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Agkistrodon cf. A. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100283 & 100284). [34] A pit viper.
Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix CDC-a.png
Ameiseophis A. robinsoniPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100266, 100267 & 100274). [34] A colubrine snake.
Calamagras or Ogmophis C. or O. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100252, 100253 & 100259). [34] An erycine boa.
Coluber or Masticophis C. or M. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100271 & 100273). [34] A colubrine snake.
Colubridae Subgen. incertae sedis Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 198 vertebrae. [34] Snake remains unidentifiable below the family level.
Crotalus cf. C. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100285 & 100291). [34] A rattlesnake.
Crotalus oreganus lutosus in Utah.jpg
Elaphe E. cf. E. kansensisPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 101112). [34] A rat snake.
E. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 6 vertebrae. [34] A rat snake.
Erycinae Gen. et. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100255 & 100258). [34] An erycine boa.
Lampropeltis L. aff. getula Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100286, 100290 & 100293). [34] A kingsnake.
Lampropeltis getula getula.jpg
L. similis or L. triangulum Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae. [34] A kingsnake.
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata.jpg
Micronatrix M. juliescottaePratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 4 trunk vertebrae. [34] A natricine snake.
Neonatrix N. cf. N. inferaPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100287, 100288 & 100289). [34] A natricine snake.
Nerodia N. hillmaniPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 6 trunk vertebrae. [34] A natricine snake.
N. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 101113). [34] A natricine snake.
Nerodia erythrogaster transversa.jpg
Opheodrys cf. O. sp.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 100270). [34] A colubrine snake.
Smooth Green Snake (Opheodrys vernalis).jpg
Paleoheterodon or Heterodon P. or H. sp.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 15 vertebrae. [34] A hognose snake.
Heterodon nasicus.jpg
Paracoluber P. storeriPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 2 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100280 & 100294). [34] A colubrine snake.
Pituophis P. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100292, 100297 & 101102). [34] A gopher snake.
Gopher-snake (cropped).jpg
Sistrurus S. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] [35] Merritt Dam Member. [34] [35] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 100251). [34] [35] A rattlesnake.
Western Pygmy Rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius streckeri) (20799317490).jpg
Texasophis T. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 100265). [34] A colubrine snake.
Thamnophis T. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 12 trunk vertebrae. [34] A garter snake.
Coast Garter Snake.jpg
Tregophis T. brevirachisPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] 3 trunk vertebrae (UNSM 100254, 100256, 100257). [34] An erycine boa.
Tropidoclonion cf. T. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 100295). [34] A natricine snake.
Tropidoclonion lineatum texanum.jpg
Viperidae Gen. et. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [34] Merritt Dam Member. [34] A trunk vertebra (UNSM 101121). [34] A viper, vertebra too damaged to be identified below the family level.

Testudines

Testudines reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Kinosternon K. wakeenienseSouth-central Nebraska. [36] A mud turtle also found in the Ogallala Formation.
Terrapene T. sp. Cherry County, Nebraska. [37] A hyoplastron. [37] May represent T. ornata longinsulae or another taxon. [37]

Amphibians

Amphibians reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Acris cf. A. sp.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] One left ilium (UNSM 101143). [38] A cricket frog.
Acris crepitansPCCA20061001-8206B1.jpg
Bufo B. pliocompactilisPratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] Multiple ilia. [38] A true toad.
B. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] Multiple ilia. [38] A true toad.
Bufo-bufo-erdkroete-maennlich.jpg
Hyla H. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] A right ilium (UNSM 101127). [38] A tree frog.
Hyla arborea01.jpg
Rana R. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] Multiple ilia. [38] A ranid frog.
European Common Frog Rana temporaria.jpg
Spea S. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] One left ilium (UNSM 101128). [38] A spadefoot toad.
Spea bombifrons.jpg
Tregobatrachus T. sp. indet.Pratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] A left ilium (UNSM 101126). [38] A frog of uncertain classification.
Varibatrachus V. abraczinskasaePratt Slide, Brown County, Nebraska. [38] Merritt Dam Member. [38] A right ilium (UNSM 101129). [38] A frog.

Plants

Plants reported from the Ash Hollow Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Berriochloa B. communis [39] A stipeae grass also found in the Valentine Formation.
B. gabeliFossil anthoecia (husks). [40] A stipeae grass.
B. hulettiFossil anthoecia (husks). [40] A stipeae grass.
B. intermediaNorth-central Kansas. [40] A stipeae grass.
Biorbia B. fossilia Nutlets. [39] A borage.
Cryptantha C. coroniformis Nutlets. [39] A borage.
Cryptanthamuricata.jpg
Eleofimbris E. svensonii [39] A cyperaceaen.
Equisetum E. sp.West-central Nebraska. [41] Silicified leaf-sheath fragments. [41] A horsetail.
Equisetopsida.jpg

See also

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The Washakie Formation is a geologic formation in northern Colorado and southern Wyoming. It preserves many mammal, bird, reptile and other fossils dating back to the Lutetian stage of the Eocene within the Paleogene period. The sediments fall in the Bridgerian and Uintan stages of the NALMA classification.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chamita Formation</span> Geologic formation in New Mexico

The Chamita Formation is a geologic formation in north-central New Mexico. It preserves unique fossils dating back to the Neogene period. The presence of volcanic ash beds in the formation, which can be radiometrically dated, gives the absolute age of the fossils, which is valuable for establishing the geologic time scale of the Neogene.

The Astoria Formation is a geologic formation in Washington state & Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the early to middle Miocene.

The Dove Spring Formation is a geologic formation in the western Mojave Desert of California. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene epoch of the Neogene period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyaenodonta</span> Extinct order of mammals

Hyaenodonta is an extinct order of hypercarnivorous placental mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora from mirorder Ferae. Hyaenodonts were important mammalian predators that arose during the early Paleocene in Europe and persisted well into the late Miocene.

Hyperailurictis is an extinct genus of felid from Miocene North America. The Hyperailurictis species are Pseudaelurus-grade felids and thought to be the first felids in the Americas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interatheriinae</span> Extinct subfamily of mammals

Interatheriinae is an extinct subfamily of interatheriids that consisted of notoungulates dating from the Early Eocene to the Early Pliocene. The subfamily includes the genera Archaeophylus, Argyrohyrax, Boleatherium, Brucemacfaddenia, Caenophilus, Choichephilum, Cochilius, Eopachyrucos, Federicoanaya, Interatherium, Juchuysillu, Miocochilius, Neoicochilus, Patriarchus, Proargyrohyrax, Progaleopithecus, Protypotherium, and Santiagorothia. They were small to medium sized interatheres, and when compared to the other subfamily, Notopithecinae, interatheriines are found to occupy an advanced, derived position in the family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarmiento Formation</span> Geologic formation in Chubut Province, Argentina

The Sarmiento Formation, in older literature described as the Casamayor Formation, is a geological formation in Chubut Province, Argentina, in central Patagonia, which spans around 30 million years from the mid-Eocene to the early Miocene. It predominantly consists of pyroclastic deposits, which were deposited in a semi-arid environment. It is divided up into a number of members. The diverse fauna of the Sarmiento Formation, including a variety of birds, crocodilians, turtles and snakes, also includes many mammals such as South American native ungulates as well as armadillos, and caviomorph rodents.

References

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