Barney L. Ford Building

Last updated
Barney L. Ford Building
Barney L. Ford Building, 1514 Blake Street, Denver, Colorado (constructed in 1863).jpg
Barney L. Ford Building, 1514 Blake Street, Denver, Colorado.
USA Colorado location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location Denver, Colorado
Coordinates 39°44′59.1″N104°59′59.7″W / 39.749750°N 104.999917°W / 39.749750; -104.999917 Coordinates: 39°44′59.1″N104°59′59.7″W / 39.749750°N 104.999917°W / 39.749750; -104.999917
Built1863
NRHP reference No. 76000551
CSRHP No.5DV.47.66
Added to NRHPJune 24, 1976

The Barney L. Ford Building, a privately owned building in Denver, Colorado, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was deemed significant for its association with Barney Ford, an escaped slave who became a prominent businessman and a Republican Party leader in Colorado. [1] The building is included by the National Park Service in lists of Underground Railroad-associated places, [2] for its association with Ford; the Colorado Territory was itself far from the Underground Railway routes north from the slavery states in the U.S. South.

Contents

Building

Ford established his second building on the site in 1863, following his first building being destroyed in a fire that year. Beginning in August, he operated a hair salon and barber shop out of the basement, the "People's Restaurant" on the ground floor, and a bar on the second floor. [3]

Barney Ford

Barney Ford was a black pioneer, civil rights activist, and civic leader. He was born into slavery in 1822 in Stafford, Virginia, and eventually escaped to Chicago. [1] He became an abolitionist after meeting Henry O. Wagoner, a member of the Underground Railroad, in Chicago. He was a businessman and a Republican Party, politician. He invested in real estate and hotels in Denver and Cheyenne, Wyoming and in 1854 he had the 14th highest income in the state of Colorado. He lobbied for voting rights for African Americans. [2] [1]

Related Research Articles

Underground Railroad Network for fugitive slaves in 19th-century U.S.

The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early to mid-19th century. It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states and Canada. The network was assisted by abolitionists and others sympathetic to the cause of the escapees. The enslaved who risked escape and those who aided them are also collectively referred to as the "Underground Railroad". Various other routes led to Mexico, where slavery had been abolished, and to islands in the Caribbean that were not part of the slave trade. An earlier escape route running south toward Florida, then a Spanish possession, existed from the late 17th century until approximately 1790. However, the network now generally known as the Underground Railroad began in the late 18th century. It ran north and grew steadily until the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by President Abraham Lincoln. One estimate suggests that by 1850, 100,000 enslaved people had escaped via the network.

Second Baptist Church (Detroit, Michigan) United States historic place

The Second Baptist Church, located at 441 Monroe Street within Greektown in Detroit, Michigan, is the oldest African-American church in the Midwestern United States. It was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1974 listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

William Still American activist, abolitionist, historian, and businessman

William Still was an African-American abolitionist based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, businessman, writer, historian and civil rights activist. Before the American Civil War, Still was chairman of the Vigilance Committee of the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society. He directly aided fugitive slaves and also kept records of the people served in order to help families reunite.

National Underground Railroad Freedom Center museum in Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.

The National Underground Railroad Freedom Center is a museum in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, based on the history of the Underground Railroad. Opened in 2004, the Center also pays tribute to all efforts to "abolish human enslavement and secure freedom for all people."

Denver Union Station Train station in Denver

Denver Union Station is the main railway station and central transportation hub in Denver, Colorado. It is located at 17th and Wynkoop Streets in the present-day LoDo district and includes the historic terminal building, a train shed, a 22-gate underground bus facility, and light rail station. A station was first opened on the site on June 1, 1881, but burnt down in 1894. The current structure was erected in two stages, with an enlarged central portion completed in 1914.

Charles A. Halleck American politician

Charles Abraham Halleck was an American politician. He was the Republican leader of the United States House of Representatives from the second district of Indiana.

The Blackstone Hotel Historic hotel in downtown Chicago, Illinois, United States

The Blackstone Hotel is a historic 290-foot (88 m) 21-story hotel on the corner of Michigan Avenue and Balbo Drive in the Michigan Boulevard Historic District in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois. Built between 1908 and 1910, it is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Blackstone is famous for hosting celebrity guests, including numerous U.S. presidents, for which it was known as the "Hotel of Presidents" for much of the 20th century, and for contributing the term "smoke-filled room" to political parlance.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Colorado List of National Register of Historic Places in the U.S. State of Colorado

There are more than 1,500 properties and historic districts in Colorado listed on the National Register of Historic Places. They are distributed over 63 of Colorado's 64 counties; only the City and County of Broomfield has none.

Loveland Block and Coors Building United States historic place

The Loveland Block and the Coors Building are adjacent historic storefront buildings in downtown Golden, Colorado. The Loveland Block, named for pioneer William A.H. Loveland, once served as the territorial capitol building of Colorado. Both buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a single entity.

Levi Coffin House United States historic place

The Coffin House is a National Historic Landmark located in the present-day town of Fountain City in Wayne County, Indiana. The two-story, eight room, brick home was constructed circa 1838–39 in the Federal style. The Coffin home became known as the "Grand Central Station" of the Underground Railroad because of its location where three of the escape routes to the North converged and the number of fleeing slaves who passed through it.

Owen Lovejoy House United States historic place

The Owen Lovejoy House is a historic house museum on East Peru Street in Princeton, Illinois. Built in 1838, it was for many years home to Owen Lovejoy (1811-1864), a prominent abolitionist and congressman. Lovejoy was an open operator of shelter and support on the Underground Railroad, and his house contains a concealed compartment in which escaped slaves could be hidden. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997. It is open seasonally or by appointment for tours.

Slocum and Hannah Howland House United States historic place

The Slocum and Hannah Howland House is located at 1781 Sherwood Road in the hamlet of Sherwood in Cayuga County, New York. It was one of the most active Underground Railroad stations in New York.

Ercildoun, Pennsylvania United States historic place

Ercildoun, population about 100, is an unincorporated community in East Fallowfield Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The hamlet was founded by Quakers and was an early center of the abolitionist movement. In 1985 the entire hamlet, including 31 properties, was listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. Of these properties two were vacant land, 14 were significant buildings, ten were contributing buildings, and five buildings, built in the 1950s, were non-contributing. The Lukens Pierce House, an octagon house listed separately on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places, is located about half a mile northwest of the hamlet. Ercildoun is one of about ten hamlets in the township, which has no cities or towns, but has 31 sites listed on the National Register. It is one of the larger hamlets, located near the center of the township, and historically among the best known. The city of Coatesville is about 3 miles north.

Barney Ford

Barney Lancelot Ford was an escaped slave who became a wealthy entrepreneur and civil-rights pioneer in Colorado. Ford persevered in his quest for new businesses despite barriers due to racism, war, fire and unscrupulous partners. He was particularly interested in establishing barbershops, restaurants, and hotels. He also invested in mines. He was a civil rights pioneer, proponent of education, and a supporter of the Underground Railroad. He lobbied for the right to vote and successfully argued that Colorado should not be admitted to the Union until all males were allowed to vote. He led the formation of school programs and buildings.

Henry O. Wagoner

Henry O. Wagoner was an abolitionist and civil rights activist in Chicago and Denver. In the 1830s, as a free black man in Maryland, he worked on a farm and worked to free slaves with a loose group of individuals that is known as the Underground Railroad. He left Maryland in 1838 under suspicion for his activities and settled in Illinois and eventually Chicago after spending a few years in Chatham, Ontario. Continuing to work with the Underground Railroad, he was also a typesetter and journalist for radical anti-slavery newspapers before the abolition of slavery in Chicago. Around this time he befriended Frederick Douglass, with whom he would remain close throughout his life. During the American Civil War (1861–1865), he helped recruit black soldiers for Illinois and Massachusetts regiments. After the war, he moved to Denver, where he had spent some time previously. He continued to be a leader in Denver, working to secure blacks the right to vote and equality in education and under the law.

Edward J. Sanderlin

Edward J. Sanderlin was born into slavery. He was in Cincinnati by 1850, where he attended the Gilmore School. He took part in the California Gold Rush and the Pike's Peak Gold Rush in Colorado. He operated a barbershop and restaurant in Denver in its early frontier days. He became a wealthy businessman and investor in mines in Colorado and California.

History of slavery in Colorado

History of slavery in Colorado began centuries before Colorado achieved statehood when Spanish colonists of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (1598–1848) enslaved Native Americans, called Genízaros. Southern Colorado was part of the Spanish territory until 1848. Comanche and Utes raided villages of other indigenous people and enslaved them.

Amos H. Root Building United States historic place

The Amos H. Root Building, or simply the Root Building, at 1501-1529 Platte St. in Denver, Colorado, was built in 1884 for businessman Amos H. Root. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

References

  1. 1 2 3 National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Barney Ford's People's Restaurant / Barney L. Ford Building. National Archives. 1976. Retrieved May 25, 2021. With three photos from 1976-78. (Downloading may be slow. )
  2. 1 2 "Aboard the Underground Railroad - Barney L. Ford Building". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  3. "Barney L. Ford Building". History Colorado. Retrieved 2021-05-24.