Brighton Parish, New Brunswick

Brighton
Parish
Location within Carleton County, New Brunswick
Coordinates: 46°21′18″N67°21′36″W / 46.355°N 67.36°W / 46.355; -67.36
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
County	Carleton
Erected	1830
Area [1]
• Land	509.30 km2 (196.64 sq mi)
Population  (2021) [1]
• Total	1,596
• Density	3.1/km2 (8/sq mi)
• Change 2016-2021	8.0%
• Dwellings	773
Time zone	UTC-4 (AST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-3 (ADT)
Figures do not include portion within the town of Hartland

Brighton is a geographic parish in Carleton County, New Brunswick, Canada, ^[2] northeast of Woodstock, extending from the eastern bank of the Saint John River to the York County line.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was comprised one town and two local service districts, all of which were members of the Western Valley Regional Service Commission (WVRSC). ^[3]

The Census subdivision of Brighton Parish included all of the geographic parish except the town of Hartland. ^[4]

Origin of name

The origin of the parish's name is not certain. ^[5]

History

Brighton was erected in 1830 within York County from all of Wakefield Parish east of the channel of the Saint John River. ^[6] It contained parts of modern Bright, Northampton, Peel, and Southampton Parishes.

Boundaries

Brighton Parish is bounded: ^{[2] [7] [8]}

• on the west by the Saint John River;
• on the northwest by the prolongation of the north line of a land grant north of Hales Brook to the Cold Stream, then upstream to the southern line of grants near the junction of Black Road and East Coldstream Road;
• on the north by the southern line of those grants prolonged east to the county line;
• on the east by York County;
• on the south by a line beginning north of Shaws Creek and running southeast nearly to the southern line of the grant that includes the mouth of Shaws Creek, then easterly along property and grant lines to the boundary of the Becaguimec Game Management Area, then easterly to the county line.

Evolution of boundaries

Brighton was erected with very different boundaries than it has today. The northeastern and southwestern boundaries of the parish were based on the 1786 northeastern boundary of Northampton, ^[9] with Brighton's northeastern boundary parallel to Northampton's and starting opposite the Whitemarsh Creek. The wording of Northampton's boundary, which started 12 miles (19 km) inland along the Queensbury Parish line, was by a line running from thence north-westerly to the mouth of a river which discharges into the river Saint John, at the upper boundary of block number seven, about two miles and a quarter above the upper end of Pine Island, ^{[lower-alpha 1]} describing an endpoint in a stretch of shoreline with no waterway large enough to be named on modern provincial maps. If the Pine Island named is actually the next island downriver of modern Pine Island (Sharps Island, formerly Indian Island) then Shaws Creek is in the right place to be the mentioned river.

In 1833 the county line of the newly erected Carleton County ^[10] ran through Brighton Parish, leaving part of the parish in York County. The legislation that erected new parishes from the orphaned parts of Northampton and Woodstock Parishes ^[11] did not mention Brighton Parish.

By 1841 the ambiguity of the boundary with Northampton Parish caused the parish line to be changed to run true east from the mouth of Shaws Creek to the county line, ^[12] indicating that Brighton only extended as far as a prolongation of the Northampton Parish line. The new parish line ran south of its present course, cutting through modern Newburg. The northern boundary would also have been altered due to the existing wording of Brighton's boundaries, taking a large piece of Kent Parish that included the modern communities of Armond, East Coldstream, Esdraelon, Hemphill Corner, South Gordonsville, South Knowlesville, and Windsor.

In 1850 the presumptive changes in the northern and eastern boundaries were confirmed. ^[13] All islands in the Saint John River were explicitly removed from the parish, changing the earlier boundary based on which side of the channel an island fell on.

In 1859 the northwestern part of the parish was erected as Peel Parish, with the Cold Stream forming the western boundary of the new parish. ^[14]

In 1862 the boundary with Northampton was moved to its present location, transferring the area of Newburg Road and Cape Road to Northampton. ^[15] Wording changes in 1896 ^[16] and 1952 ^[17] clarified the boundary but did not change it.

In 1863 a strip on the northern edge of Brighton including Hemphill Corner was included in the newly erected Aberdeen Parish. ^[18]

Municipality

The town of Hartland stretches from the just north of the mouth of the Becaguimec Stream to Route 575. ^[19]

Local service districts

Both LSDs assessed for the basic LSD services of fire protection, police services, land use planning, emergency measures, and dog control. ^[20]

Brighton Parish

The local service district of the parish of Brighton originally comprised all of the parish outside of Hartland.

The LSD was established on 23 November 1966 to assess for fire protection following the abolition of county municipalities under the new Municipalities Act. ^[21] Community services were added on 20 December 1967 ^[22] and first aid & ambulance services on 14 October 1970. ^[23]

In 2020, the LSD additionally assessed for community & recreation services. ^[20] The taxing authority was 208.00 Brighton.

LSD advisory committee: Yes. Chair Brent Pearson sat on the WVRSC board in 2015, ^[24] 2016, ^[25] and in late 2017 as a replacement. ^[26] New Chair Tina Pelkey sat on the WVRSC board from July 2018. ^{[27] [28] [29]}

Coldstream

The local service district of Coldstream comprised an irregular area around the community of Coldstream at the mouth of the Cold Stream.

The LSD was established on 14 October 1970 to add street lighting. ^[23]

In 2020, the LSD additionally assesses for both street lighting and community & recreation services. ^[20] The taxing authority was 221.00 Coldstream.

LSD advisory committee: unknown

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish; ^{[7] [8] [30]} bold indicates an incorporated municipality

• Armond
• Ashland
• Bannon
• Briggs Corner
• Carlisle
• Cloverdale
• Coldstream
• East Brighton
• East Cloverdale
• East Coldstream
• Esdraelon
• Hale
• Hartland
• Howard Brook
• Jericho
• Lower Brighton
• Lower Windsor
• Mainstream
• McKenna
• Mountain View
• Pole Hill
• Shewan
• South Knowlesville
• Upper Brighton
• Windsor

Bodies of water

Bodies of water ^{[lower-alpha 2]} at least partly in the parish: ^{[7] [8] [30]}

• Nashwaak River
• Saint John River
• Becaguimec Stream
• Cold Stream
• Nackawic Stream
• Ackers Creek
• Cross Creek
• Deep Creek
• Angle Hill Lake
• Doughboy Lake
• Little Doughboy Lakes
• Long Lake
• Malcolm Lake
• Mud Lake
• Silver Lake

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly in the parish. ^{[7] [8] [30] [31]}

• Becaguimec Stream Protected Natural Area
• Becaguimec Wildlife Management Area ^[32]
• East Cloverdale Protected Natural Area
• Golden Ridge Protected Natural Area
• Howard Brook Protected Natural Area
• Welch Brook Protected Natural Area

Demographics

Parish population total does not include former incorporated town of Hartland. Revised census figures based on the 2023 local governance reforms have not been released.

Population Population trend [33] [34] [4] Census Population Change (%) 2016 1,735 1.6% 2011 1,764 3.8% 2006 1,834 3.0% 2001 1,891 1.4% 1996 1,918 1.8% 1991 1,885 N/A

Language Mother tongue (2016) [4] Language Population Pct (%) English only 1,665 96.0% French only 25 1.4% Both English and French 0 0.0% Other languages 45 2.6%

See also

• List of parishes in New Brunswick

Notes

1. Usage of long s modernised for readability.
2. Not including brooks, ponds or coves.

References

1. "Census Profile". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
3. "Communities in each of the 12 Regional Service Commissions (RSC) / Les communautés dans chacune des 12 Commissions de services régionaux (CSR)" (PDF), Government of New Brunswick, July 2017, retrieved 1 February 2021
4. "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Brighton, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
5. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 222. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
6. "10 & 11 Geo. IV c. 6 An Act for erecting a part of the Parish of Wakefield, in the County of York, into a separate and distinct Town or Parish.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1830. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1830. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
7. "No. 91". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Remainder of parish on maps 92, 93, 101, and 102 at same site.
8. "272" (PDF). Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Remainder of parish on mapbooks 273, 274, 288–290, 305, 306, and 324 at same site.
9. "26 Geo. III Chapter I. An Act for the better ascertaining and confirming the Boundaries of the several Counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns or Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, passed in the year 1786. Saint John, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. 1786. pp. 3–12. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
10. "1 Wm. IV c. 50 An Act for the Division of the County of York into Two Counties, and to provide for the Government and Representation of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1833. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1833. pp. 183–187. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
11. "3 Wm. IV c. 38 An Act to alter the Names of certain Parts of Three Parishes in the County of York, and to erect Two separate Parishes therein.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1833. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1833. pp. 181–182. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
12. "4 Vic. c. 18 An Act to establish a Division Line between the Parishes of Northampton and Brighton in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1841. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1841. p. 12. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
13. "13 Vic. c. 51 An Act to consolidate all the Laws now in force for the division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Mjaesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1850. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1850. pp. 142–152, 145–149. Retrieved 27 March 2021. Book was poorly proofread, resulting in title typo and reuse of page numbers 145–152.
14. "22 Vic. c. 50 An Act to divide the Parish of Brighton, in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1859. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1859. pp. 128–129. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
15. "25 Vic. c. 48 An Act to alter the Division Line between the Parishes of Northampton and Brighton, in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in March and April 1862. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1862. pp. 118–119. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
16. "59 Vic. c. 8 An Act to Revise and Codify an Act to Provide for the Division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Month of March, 1896. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1896. pp. 86–123. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
17. "Chapter 227 Territorial Division Act". The Revised Statutes of New Brunswick 1952 Volume III. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1952. pp. 3725–3771.
18. "26 Vic. c. 43 An Act to erect a new Parish in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Month of April, 1863. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1863. pp. 99–101. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
19. "New Brunswick Regulation 85-6 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 85-45)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
20. "2020 Local Government Statistics for New Brunswick" (PDF). Department of Environment and Local Government. p. 55. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
21. "Regulation 66–41 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 66–968)". The Royal Gazette. 124. Fredericton: 604–605. 21 December 1966.
22. "Regulation 67–130 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 67–1196)". The Royal Gazette. 126. Fredericton: 10–11. 3 January 1968.
23. "Regulation 70–97 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 70–715)". The Royal Gazette. 128. Fredericton: 585. 28 October 1970.
24. "2015 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
25. "2016 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
26. "2017 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
27. "2018 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
28. "2019 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
29. "Board of Directors Meeting: Minutes of Meeting" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 3 September 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
30. "Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
31. "Explore New Brunswick's Protected Natural Areas". GeoNB. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
32. "New Brunswick Regulation 94-43 under the Fish and Wildlife Act (O.C. 94-231)". Government of New Brunswick. 5 June 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
33. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006 census
34. 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Brighton Parish, New Brunswick

46°21′18″N67°21′36″W / 46.35500°N 67.36000°W / 46.35500; -67.36000 (Brighton Parish, New Brunswick)