Kent Parish, New Brunswick

This article is about the geographic parish, former local service district, and rural census subdivision. For the county, see Kent County, New Brunswick.

Kent
Parish
Location within Carleton County, New Brunswick.
Coordinates: 46°39′54″N67°10′21″W / 46.665°N 67.1725°W / 46.665; -67.1725
Country	Canada
Province	New Brunswick
County	Carleton
Erected	1821
Area [1]
• Land	839.76 km2 (324.23 sq mi)
Population  (2021) [1]
• Total	1,966
• Density	2.3/km2 (6/sq mi)
• Change 2016-2021	8.7%
• Dwellings	906
Time zone	UTC-4 (AST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-3 (ADT)
Figures do not include portions with the town of Florenceville-Bristol and the village of Bath

Kent is a geographic parish in the northeastern corner of Carleton County, New Brunswick, Canada. ^[2]

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was divided between one village, two local service districts, and part of one town, all of which were members of the Western Valley Regional Service Commission (WVRSC). ^[3]

The Census subdivision of Kent Parish includes all of the geographic parish except the two municipalities. ^[1]

Origin of name

The parish was named in memory of the Duke of Kent, ^[4] father of Queen Victoria.

History

Kent was erected in 1821 within York County from "all that part of the County of York lying above the Parish of Wakefield, on both sides of the River Saint John," territory previously unassigned to any parish. ^[5] This sweeping description included modern Kent Parish, Wicklow Parish, Aberdeen Parish, parts of Brighton, Peel, and Stanley Parishes; Madawaska County; most of Victoria County; the western part of Restigouche County; and parts of Maine and Quebec then claimed by New Brunswick.

Boundaries

Kent Parish is bounded: ^{[2] [6] [7]}

• on the west by the Saint John River;
• on the north by Victoria County;
• on the south and east by a line running due east from opposite the mouth of Whitemarsh Brook to a reserved road along the western line of grants on the Ketchum Ridge Road, then north along reserved roads on the western side of land grants along the Ketchum Ridge, West Glassville, Old West Glassville, Shikatehawk, and Denney Hill Roads to the north line of a grant south of the junction of the Denney Hill and Burke Roads, running briefly northeasterly to the northwestern corner of a lot west of the end of Kenneth Road before turning due east and running to the York County line, then running northeast along York County until it meets the Victoria County line.

Evolution of boundaries

Kent's 1821 boundaries gave it all of the province west of Northumberland County, including the province's claims to northern Maine and parts of Québec.

In 1832 Kent was included in the newly erected Carleton County; ^[8] The eastern county line cut through Kent Parish.

In 1833 the sheer size of Kent Parish lead to it being split into five parishes. Wicklow and Andover comprised all of the parish west of the Saint John River, Perth all of Kent east of the Saint John between the modern county line and Grand Falls, and Madawaska all of Kent north of Grand Falls; the orphaned area in York County became unassigned land in that county. Kent retained its modern territory plus Aberdeen Parish and eastern Peel and Brighton Parishes. ^[9]

In 1841 the southern boundary of Brighton Parish was changed, causing a change in its northern boundary due to its wording, ^{[lower-alpha 1]} removing all of modern Brighton and Peel Parishes and southern Aberdeen. ^[10]

In 1850 the northern line was rotated to run due east from the mouth of the River de Chute. ^[11] Kent gained a small area on the bank of the Saint John but lost a large triangle of territory that included the modern communities of Chapmanville, Kilfoil, Killoween, Maplehurst, and Moose Mountain.

In 1863 the southeastern part of Kent formed the bulk of Aberdeen Parish, ^[12] removing Glassville and Knowlesville Settlements.

In 1864 the original northern line of Carleton County was restored, reversing the 1850 changes. ^[13]

In 1896 the boundary with Aberdeen Parish underwent minor changes, taking a long narrow triangle of territory from Kent. ^[14]

In 1956 a stretch of Crown Reserved Road ^{[lower-alpha 2]} along the western boundary of Aberdeen Parish was transferred to Kent, ^[16] possibly in error. ^{[lower-alpha 3]}

Municipalities

The town of Florenceville-Bristol occupies the southwestern corner of the parish along the Saint John River. ^[17]

The village of Bath comprises an irregular area along the Saint John River south of the Monquart Stream. ^[17]

Local service districts

Both LSDs assessed for the basic LSD services of fire protection, police services, land use planning, emergency measures, and dog control. ^[18]

Kent Parish

The local service district of the parish of Kent originally comprised all of the parish outside the villages of Bath and Bristol.

It was established on 23 November 1966 to assess for fire protection following the abolition of county governments by the new Municipalities Act. ^[19] Community services were added on 20 December 1967 ^[20] and non-fire related rescue on 23 October 2015. ^[21]

In 2020, the LSD additionally assesses for community & recreation services. ^[18] The taxing authority was 209.00 Kent.

LSD advisory committee: Yes, as of September 2017. ^[22] Chair Alma Kilfoil served on the WVRSC board from at least 2015 until her resignation on 30 September 2017. ^{[23] [24] [22]}

Upper Kent

Upper Kent comprised a narrow strip along the Saint John River around the community of Upper Kent.

It was established on 27 June 1968 ^[25] to add street lighting, community planning, and garbage collection. Non-fire related rescue was added on 23 October 2015. ^[21]

In 2020, Upper Kent additionally assesses for street lighting and community & recreation services. ^[18] The taxing authority was 220.00 Upper Kent.

LSD advisory committee: unknown

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish. ^{[6] [7] [26]} bold indicates an incorporated municipality

• Bath
• Beaufort
• Beechwood
• Carlow
• Chapmanville
• Clearview
• Fielding
• Florenceville-Bristol
• Giberson Settlement
• Gordonsville
• Halls Corner
• Holmesville
• Johnville
• Kenneth
• Kilfoil
• Killoween
• Lockharts Mill
• Maplehurst
• Mineral
• Monquart
• Moose Mountain
• Murphy Corner
• Piercemont
• River de Chute Siding
• South Johnville
• Tarrtown
• Upper Kent
• Welch

Bodies of water

Bodies of water ^{[lower-alpha 4]} at least partly within the parish. ^{[6] [7] [26]}

• Odell River
• Saint John River
• North Branch Southwest Miramichi River
• Dyer Branch
• Little Shikatehawk Stream
• Monquart Stream
• Shikatehawk Stream
• Beaver Brook Lake
• Green Lake
• Lost Lake
• Moose Mountain Lake
• Murphy Lake
• Priest Lake

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish. ^{[6] [7] [26] [27]}

• Beechwood Dam
• Bristol Aerodrome
• McCluskey Brook Protected Natural Area
• Porcupine Mountain Protected Natural Area
• Upper Kent Aerodrome

Demographics

Parish population total does not include Bath and portion within Florenceville-Bristol

Population Population trend [28] [29] [30] Census Population Change (%) 2016 2,153 4.0% 2011 2,242 5.0% 2006 2,361 4.7% 2001 2,478 2.7% 1996 2,547 2.9% 1991 2,475 N/A

Language Mother tongue (2016) [30] Language Population Pct (%) English only 2,110 97.9% French only 25 1.2% Other languages 15 0.7% Both English and French 5 0.2%

See also

• List of parishes in New Brunswick

Notes

1. Such implicit boundary changes were not rare; Northumberland County's boundary changes in 1787, 1803, and 1837 were all based on the changing western boundary of Westmorland County.
2. A Crown Reserved Road is a piece of land between tiers of land grants that the government held back when surveying blocks of grants. ^[15] The fate of these roads ranges from modern paved roads to lines on maps of land that was never cleared.
3. The 1896 rewrite of the province's county and parish boundaries introduced two wording errors into the boundaries of Aberdeen Parish; these were corrected in 1956. Aberdeen's boundary ran along the eastern line of a Crown Reserved Road farther south and there may have been an assumption that the boundary was meant to run along the eastern line of the northern Crown Reserved Road as well.
4. Not including brooks, ponds or coves.

References

1. "Census Profile". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
3. "Communities in each of the 12 Regional Service Commissions (RSC) / Les communautés dans chacune des 12 Commissions de services régionaux (CSR)" (PDF), Government of New Brunswick, July 2017, retrieved 1 February 2021
4. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 243. Retrieved 17 March 2021. Ganong cites page 100 of Noticia of New Brunswick as his source.
5. "2 Geo. IV c. 22 An Act to erect the upper part of the County of York, into a Town or Parish.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1821. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1821. p. 43. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
6. "No. 73". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Remainder of parish on maps 74, 81–83, 91, and 92 at same site.
7. "225" (PDF). Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 27 June 2021. Remainder of parish on mapbooks 226, 227, 239–243, 255–258, 271, and 272 at same site.
8. "1 Wm. IV c. 50 An Act for the Division of the County of York into Two Counties, and to provide for the Government and Representation of the new County.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1833. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1833. pp. 183–187. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
9. "3 Wm. IV c. 17 An Act to divide the Parish of Kent, in the County of Carleton, into Five Towns or Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1833. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1833. pp. 114–115. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
10. "4 Vic. c. 18 An Act to establish a Division Line between the Parishes of Northampton and Brighton in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1841. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1841. p. 12. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
11. "13 Vic. c. 51 An Act to consolidate all the Laws now in force for the division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Mjaesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1850. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1850. pp. 142–152, 145–149. Retrieved 27 March 2021. Book was poorly proofread, resulting in title typo and reuse of page numbers 145–152.
12. "26 Vic. c. 43 An Act to erect a new Parish in the County of Carleton.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Month of April, 1863. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1863. pp. 99–101. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
13. "27 Vic. c. 27 An Act to define the Boundaries between the Counties of Carleton and Victoria.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick, Passed in the Month of April 1864. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1864. pp. 50–51. Retrieved 27 March 2021.
14. "59 Vic. c. 8 An Act to Revise and Codify an Act to Provide for the Division of the Province into Counties, Towns and Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Month of March, 1896. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1896. pp. 86–123. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
15. "Crown Reserved Road Fact Sheet" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
16. "5 Elizabeth II, 1956, c. 64 An Act to Amend the Territorial Division Act". Acts of the Legislature of New Brunswick Passed During the Session of 1956. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1956. pp. 137–138.
17. "New Brunswick Regulation 85-6 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 85-45)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
18. "2020 Local Government Statistics for New Brunswick" (PDF). Department of Environment and Local Government. p. 55. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
19. "Regulation 66–41 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 66–968)". The Royal Gazette. 124. Fredericton: 604–605. 21 December 1966.
20. "Regulation 67–130 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 67–1196)". The Royal Gazette. 126. Fredericton: 10–11. 3 January 1968.
21. "Regulation 2015-56 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 2015-246)" (PDF). The Royal Gazette. 173. Fredericton: 1320. 4 November 2015. ISSN   1714-9428.
22. "2017 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
23. "2015 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
24. "2016 Annual Report" (PDF). Western Valley Regional Service Commission. 2016. p. 2. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
25. "Regulation 68–64 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 68–592)". The Royal Gazette. 126. Fredericton: 407–408. 24 July 1968.
26. "Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
27. "Explore New Brunswick's Protected Natural Areas". GeoNB. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
28. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006 census
29. 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Kent Parish, New Brunswick
30. "Census Profile, 2016 Census Kent, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 6 September 2019.

External links

• Village of Bath

46°39′54″N67°10′21″W / 46.66500°N 67.17250°W / 46.66500; -67.17250 (Kent Parish, New Brunswick)