Northumberland | |
|---|---|
 Location within New Brunswick. | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | New Brunswick |
| Established | 1785 |
| Area | |
| • Land | 12,868.78 km2 (4,968.66 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) [1] | |
| • Total | 44,952 |
| • Density | 3.5/km2 (9/sq mi) |
| • Change 2011-16 |  2.7% |
| • Dwellings | 21,792 |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (ADT) |
| Area code(s) | 506 |
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Northumberland County, New Brunswick . |
Northumberland County is located in northeastern New Brunswick, Canada. [2]
Northumberland County is covered by thick forests, whose products stimulate the economy. The highest peaks in the province, including Mount Carleton lie in the northwestern corner of the county.
The county is dominated by the Miramichi River, world famous for its salmon fishing. The lower portion of the river is an estuary that widens into Miramichi Bay, a part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
The city of Miramichi is a local service centre for the county and surrounding regions with schools, hospitals and government offices and retail locations. The county has several saw mills in the city of Miramichi and up the Southwest Branch of the Miramichi River. There were formerly two large pulp and paper mills at Miramichi.
Chatham was also home to an air force base, CFB Chatham, until 1996. Renous-Quarryville, located along the Southwest Miramichi was also home to an army post - a federal maximum security penitentiary is now located on the site.
There are five municipalities within the county (listed by 2016 population): [3]
| Official Name | Designation | Area km2 | Population | Parish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miramichi | City | 179.47 | 17,537 | Nelson Newcastle |
| Neguac | Village | 26.75 | 1,684 | Alnwick |
| Rogersville | Village | 7.20 | 1,166 | Rogersville |
| Blackville | Village | 21.13 | 958 | Blackville |
| Doaktown | Village | 29.07 | 792 | Blissfield |
There are five First Nations reserves in Northumberland County (listed by 2011 population): [4]
| Official name | Designation | Area km2 | Population | Parish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Esgenoôpetitj 14 | Reserve | 9.54 | 1,046 | Alnwick |
| Eel Ground 2 | Reserve | 10.90 | 448 | Northesk |
| Red Bank 4 | Reserve | 16.18 | 352 | Southesk |
| Big Hole Tract 8 (South) | Reserve | 27.82 | 34 | Northesk |
| Tabusintac 9 | Reserve | 22.00 | 10 | Alnwick |
Three communities in the county are part of the Miꞌkmaq Nation: Metepenagiag Miꞌkmaq Nation, at the junction of the Northwest Miramichi River and the Little Southwest Miramichi River; Eel Ground First Nation, close to the junction of the Northwest and Southwest Miramichi Rivers near Newcastle; and Burnt Church First Nation on the northern shore of Miramichi Bay.
The county is subdivided into thirteen parishes (listed by 2016 population): [3]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 52,983 | — |
| 1996 | 52,153 | −1.6% |
| 2001 | 50,817 | −2.6% |
| 2006 | 48,868 | −3.8% |
| 2006A | 49,714 | +1.7% |
| 2011 | 48,355 | −2.7% |
| 2011R | 46,204 | −4.4% |
| 2016 | 44,952 | −2.7% |
(A) adjustment due to boundary change. (R) 2011 population was revised. | ||
As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Northumberland County had a population of 45,005 living in 19,945 of its 21,940 total private dwellings, a change of 0.1% from its 2016 population of 44,952. With a land area of 12,843.39 km2 (4,958.86 sq mi), it had a population density of 3.5/km2 (9.1/sq mi) in 2021. [6]
| 2021 | 2016 | 2011 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 45,005 (+0.1% from 2016) | 44,952 (-2.7**% from 2011) | 48,355** (-2.7% from 2006) |
| Land area | 12,843.39 km2 (4,958.86 sq mi) | 12,868.78 km2 (4,968.66 sq mi) | 12,932.70 km2 (4,993.34 sq mi) |
| Population density | 3.5/km2 (9.1/sq mi) | 3.5/km2 (9.1/sq mi) | 3.7/km2 (9.6/sq mi) |
| Median age | 50.8 (M: 50, F: 52) | 49.1 (M: 48.3, F: 49.9) | 46.4 (M: 45.5, F: 47.1) |
| Total private dwellings | 19,945 | 21,792 | 22,078 |
| Median household income | $55,223 | $47,858 |
| Canada Census Mother Tongue - Northumberland County, New Brunswick [5] | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Total | English | French | English & French | Non-official languages | |||||||||||||
| Year | Responses | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | Count | Trend | Pop % | |||||
2016 | 44,425 | 33,095 | 1.9% | 74.49% | 9,705 | 20.2% | 21.85% | 420 |  3.7% | 0.95% | 1,055 | 5.4% | 2.38% | |||||
2011 | 47,425 | 33,750 | 0.7% | 71.16% | 12,155 | 4.1% | 25.63% | 405 | 80.0% | 0.85% | 1,115 | 26.4% | 2.35% | |||||
2006 | 48,185 | 33,775 | 3.7% | 70.09% | 12,670 | 6.4% | 26.29% | 225 | 40.8% | 0.47% | 1,515 | 31.7% | 3.14% | |||||
2001 | 50,155 | 35,090 | 3.7% | 69.96% | 13,535 | 2.1% | 26.99% | 380 | 2.7% | 0.76% | 1,150 | 48.4% | 2.29% | |||||
1996 | 51,390 | 36,420 | n/a | 70.87% | 13,825 | n/a | 26.90% | 370 | n/a | 0.72% | 775 | n/a | 1.51% | |||||
Highways and numbered routes that run through the county, including external routes that start or finish at the county limits: [10]
Miramichi is the largest city in northern New Brunswick, Canada. It is situated at the mouth of the Miramichi River where it enters Miramichi Bay. The Miramichi Valley is the second longest valley in New Brunswick, after the Saint John River Valley.
Carleton County is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada.
Kent County is located in east-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county features a unique blend of cultures including Mi'kmaq, Acadian, and English. Some larger tourist attractions include the dune de Bouctouche, Kouchibouguac National Park, and Bonar Law Commons.
York County is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the provincial capital, Fredericton. Outside the city, farming and forestry are two major industries in the county, which is bisected by the Saint John River. The Southwest Miramichi River flows through the northern section of the county.
Salisbury, New Brunswick is a village located in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. The village's population meets the requirements for "town" status under the Municipalities Act of the Province of New Brunswick; however, its municipal status has not been changed.
Esgenoôpetitj is a Mi'kmaq Indian reserve in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Prior to July 11, 2012, the Indian reserve was named Burnt Church 14.
Beresford is a town in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Belledune is a Canadian village that straddles both Restigouche County and Gloucester County, New Brunswick.
Blackville is a village in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Doaktown is a Canadian village in Northumberland County, New Brunswick.
Fredericton Junction is a Canadian village in Sunbury County, New Brunswick.
Neguac is a Canadian village in Northumberland County, New Brunswick.
Bathurst is a civil parish in Gloucester County, New Brunswick, Canada. The population is concentrated in the northeastern corner of the parish.
Chatham is a civil parish in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Southesk is a civil parish in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Nelson is a civil parish in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Glenelg is a civil parish in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Rogersville is a civil parish in Northumberland County, New Brunswick, Canada.
Upper Miramichi is a Canadian rural community in Northumberland and York Counties, New Brunswick.
Places adjacent to Northumberland County, New Brunswick | ||||||||||||||||
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Subdivisions of New Brunswick | |
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| Subdivisions | |
| Cities | |
| Counties | |
