Geography | |
---|---|
Location | Tasman Sea |
Highest elevation | 30 m (100 ft) |
Administration | |
Australia | |
State | New South Wales |
Brush Island Nature Reserve New South Wales | |
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Nearest town or city | Bawley Point |
Coordinates | 35°31′45″S150°25′00″E / 35.52917°S 150.41667°E |
Established | July 1963 [1] |
Area | 0.47 km2 (0.2 sq mi) [1] |
Managing authorities | NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service |
Website | Brush Island Nature Reserve |
See also | Protected areas of New South Wales |
The Brush Island is a continental island, contained within the Brush Island Nature Reserve, a protected nature reserve, known as Mit Island in the Dhurga language of the Murramamrang people of the Yuin nation see (http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p326831/html/ch01.xhtml) It is located off the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. The 47-hectare (120-acre) island and reserve is situated within the Tasman Sea, approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south-east of the coastal village of Bawley Point.
The island was gazetted as a nature reserve in July 1963 and is important for breeding seabirds. [2] The reserve is listed on Australia’s Register of the National Estate, [3] and has an unmanned lighthouse.
The island lies 350 metres (1,150 ft) from the tip of Murramarang Point. It is 880 metres (2,890 ft) long, with a maximum width of 560 metres (1,840 ft), and rises to about 30 metres (98 ft) above sea level. Its shorelines are steep, rocky cliff faces with erosion gullies on the northern side. The gullies are both caused and used by the little penguins whose tracks and burrows cover most of the island. [3]
The island was sighted by Captain James Cook on 22 April 1770 during his first voyage to the South Pacific Ocean. Cook had planned to shelter HMS Endeavour between the unnamed island and mainland but was prevented by high seas. [4] Instead Endeavour continued its northward path along the coast, making her first Australian landfall a week later at Botany Bay. [4]
The island supports a coastal vegetation cover of herbs, low shrubs and stunted trees, including Carpobrotus glaucescens , Lomandra longifolia , Einadia hastata , Myoporum insulare , Enchylaena tomentosa , Acacia longifolia , Westringia fruticosa , Banksia integrifolia and Casuarina glauca . [2]
Seabird species nesting on the island include the wedge-tailed shearwater, short-tailed shearwater, little penguin and sooty oystercatcher. [3] White-faced storm petrels and sooty shearwaters were found there for the first time in 2008. [5]
The island became infested with black rats in 1932 after a steamer, the Northern Firth, ran aground there. In 2005 the rats were eradicated after a poisoning campaign by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. [5]
The Protected areas of New South Wales include both terrestrial and marine protected areas. As of June 2020 there are 225 national parks in New South Wales. A number established since the late 1970s followed campaigns by local residents and environmentalists.
The Cocoparra National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Riverina region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 8,357-hectare (20,650-acre) national park is situated 457 kilometres (284 mi) southwest of Sydney and 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Griffith. The name of the park comes from the Aboriginal cocupara'’, or kookaburra.
Barunguba / Montague Island is a continental island contained within the Montague Island Nature Reserve, a protected nature reserve that is located offshore from the South Coast region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The nearest town located onshore from the 81-hectare (200-acre) reserve and island is Narooma, situated approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the northwest.
The Muogamarra Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Sydney region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 2,274-hectare (5,620-acre) reserve is situated in the northern edge of Sydney and lies between the suburb of Cowan to the south, and the Hawkesbury River to the north.
Rodondo Island is a granite island, part of the Rodondo Group, lying in northern Bass Strait, within the state boundaries of Tasmania, Australia. The island is located only 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of Wilsons Promontory in Victoria, and 2' of latitude south of the Victoria-Tasmania border at latitude 39°12'S. Rodondo Island is ringed by steep cliffs up to 200 metres (660 ft) high, with an area of 106 hectares and a maximum elevation of 350 metres (1,150 ft) above sea level.
The Southern Oceans Seabird Study Association (SOSSA) is an Australian natural history research and conservation organisation. It is based in Wollongong, New South Wales. It was formally established in 1994 by members of the New South Wales Albatross Study Group Lindsay Smith and Harry Battam to be an umbrella organisation for groups involved with biological research on, and concerned about the environment of, the Southern Ocean. However, its origins go back to the start of long-term banding studies of albatrosses by Doug Gibson and Allan Sefton on the coast of New South Wales in the mid-1950s, with SOSSA continuing one of the longest-running albatross research programs in the world.
The Five Islands Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located in the Tasman Sea, off the Illawarra east coast of the state of New South Wales, Australia. The 26-hectare (64-acre) reserve comprises five continental islands that are situated between 0.5 and 3.5 kilometres east of Port Kembla. The Five Islands are Flinders Islet, Bass Islet, Martin Islet, Big Island and Rocky Islet.
The Boorganna Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located northwest of Taree on the Comboyne Plateau in New South Wales, Australia. The 396-hectare (980-acre) reserve, managed by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service, was gazetted in 1904 and is the second oldest nature reserve in the state. The reserve features various forest types, including stands of sub tropical rainforest of which the large rosewood, yellow carabeen and small leaf fig are particularly noteworthy. The reserve is a remnant of the former extensive rainforest on the Comboyne Plateau. The plateau was cleared between 1900 and 1925. Australian red cedar was logged in the area in the nineteenth century. Originally proposed to be part of the world heritage rainforest group. The exploration, knowledge, uses and history of this area by Indigenous Australians is not well known in the present day. Boorganna Nature Reserve was proposed, but rejected for inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage, due to being geographically isolated from other rainforests in the group.
The Davis Scrub Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. The 13-hectare (32-acre) reserve is a sub tropical rainforest remnant of the Big Scrub and is situated at 170 metres (560 ft) above sea level on an undulating high rainfall plain near Alstonville.
The Victoria Park Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Northern Rivers region in the state of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The sub-tropical jungle remnant is located an undulating high rainfall plain near Alstonville. The red-brown soil is derived from a basaltic flow from the nearby Mount Warning. Of the total land in the reserve, 8 hectares is original rainforest; and the other areas are being re-vegetated.
The Robertson Nature Reserve is a protected rainforest nature reserve that is located in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 5.3-hectare (13-acre) reserve is situated near Robertson on the edge of the Illawarra Escarpment and is a remnant of the Yarrawa Brush, once 2,450 hectares in size.
The Garawarra State Conservation Area is a protected conservation area that is located on the southern suburban fringe of Greater Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 949-hectare (2,350-acre) reserve abuts the Royal National Park and is situated 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of the Sydney central business district, near Helensburgh. Garawarra was gazetted as a park in 1987, and added, together with the Royal National Park, to the Australian National Heritage List on 15 September 2006.
Boondelbah Island, also known as the Boondelbah Nature Reserve, is a protected nature reserve and uninhabited island lying 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) off the mouth of Port Stephens on the coast of New South Wales, Australia. The 14-hectare (35-acre) reserve and island is one of two breeding sites of the nominate subspecies of the threatened Gould's petrel and, with the nearby Cabbage Tree Island which hosts the principal colony, has been classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area.
The Blue Gum Swamp is a swamp located in Blue Mountains National Park in the lower Grose Valley of the Blue Mountains, in New South Wales west of Sydney, southeastern Australia. It is situated adjacent to the Blue Gum Swamp Creek near Winmalee and is within the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Greater Blue Mountains Area.
The Bird Island Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located near Lake Munmorah on the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The island is situated 1.4 kilometres (0.87 mi) off the east coast of New South Wales, within the Tasman Sea. The reserve may be seen from the lighthouse at Norah Head.
Batemans Bay is an open oceanic embayment that is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The bay forms the mouth of the Clyde River and its primary outflow is to the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean.
Solitary Islands Marine Park (SIMP) is a marine park in New South Wales State waters, Australia. It adjoins the Solitary Islands Marine Reserve and was declared under the Marine Parks Act 1997 (NSW) in January 1998. Prior to this it was declared a marine reserve in 1991. The Park was one of the first declared in NSW and stretches along the northern NSW coast, from Muttonbird Island, Coffs Harbour, to Plover Island near Sandon River, 75 kilometres to the north. It includes coastal estuaries and lakes and extends from the mean high water mark, to three nautical miles out to sea, covering an area of around 72 000 hectares. There are five main islands in the Park, North Solitary Island, North West Solitary Island, South West Solitary Island, South Solitary Island and Split Solitary Island, as well as other significant outcrops such as Muttonbird Island and submerged reefs.
Muttonbird Island Nature Reserve is a nature reserve off the shore of Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia, on the southern boundary of the Solitary Islands Marine Park. It is linked to the mainland by a causeway, which acts as the northern breakwater for the harbour. With over 5,500 breeding pairs, it is a major breeding ground for wedge-tailed shearwaters, known locally as muttonbirds, which migrate annually to the Philippines but return to breed on the island.
Cook Island Nature Reserve is a protected area in the Australian state of new South Wales located on Cook Island about 600 metres (2,000 ft) off the coastline from the headland of Fingal Head and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south-east of Tweed Heads on the state's north coast.
Cook Island, formerly Cooks Island, Turtle Island and Joong-urra-narrian, is an island in the Australian state of New South Wales located on the state's north coast about 600 metres (2,000 ft) north-east of Fingal Head and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south-east of the town of Tweed Heads.