Camp Swift, Texas

Camp Swift, Texas
Census-designated place
Main entrance to the Camp Swift facility of the 10th Mountain Division during World War II
Coordinates: 30°11′19″N97°17′36″W / 30.18861°N 97.29333°W / 30.18861; -97.29333
Country	United States
State	Texas
County	Bastrop
Area
• Total	12.1 sq mi (31.4 km2)
• Land	12.0 sq mi (31.2 km2)
• Water	0.08 sq mi (0.2 km2)
Elevation [1]	456 ft (139 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	7,943
• Density	660/sq mi (250/km2)
Time zone	UTC-6 (Central (CST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
Zip Code	78602
FIPS code	48-12334 [2]
GNIS feature ID	2407948 [1]

Camp Swift is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bastrop County, Texas, United States. The population was 7,943 at the 2020 census. ^[3] Camp Swift began as a United States Army training base built in 1942. It is named after Major General Eben Swift.

History

The Army signed a $25 million contract in January 1942 to build a training camp on 56,000 acres north of Bastrop, Texas. The contract stipulated the project was to be completed in 108 working days. Twenty-seven hundred buildings were built during World War II, but none of those remain on the site today. At the end of the war, they were sold or donated and relocated. The gymnasium was relocated to Whitney, Texas. It is still in use today by the school district.

During World War II, German prisoners of war began arriving and at peak numbered 10,000. At the same time, the camp held 90,000 GIs, making it "one of the largest army training and transshipment camps in Texas" according to Krammer. ^[4]

In December 1942, Sgt Walter Springs was gunned down by a White military police officer following a dispute as Springs was reporting to Camp Swift. Springs was shot in the back, but the case remains largely unsolved to this day. A memorial scholarship in his honor has been active at his alma mater, Regis University, for most of the period since 1952 and has the backing of former NBA All Star Chauncey Billups. ^[5]

The 10th Mountain Division trained at Camp Swift in 1944. The 2nd Infantry Division trained there mid 1945 to early 1946. The camp also trained nurses under battlefield conditions. The camp trained some 300,000 soldiers before the war ended.

After World War II, most of the land was returned to its former owners. The U.S. government retained 11,700 acres as a military reservation as well as a smaller parcel for FCI Bastrop. ^[6]

The Texas Wing of the Civil Air Patrol, the Auxiliary of the Air Force has held its encampment, a one-week high intensity simulated military training program for Cadet (leaders in training) members in Camp Swift since 2011. ^[7]

Current Operations

Camp Swift military reservation

Camp Swift is currently owned by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, ^[8] but is managed by the Texas Military Forces headquartered on Camp Mabry in Austin and acts as a training center for the National and State Guard, active armed forces, law enforcement, JROTC and the Civil Air Patrol. The camp is also the primary emergency staging area for Central Texas. ^[9] Camp Swift is also the primary site for pre-mobilization training for the Texas Army National Guard. ^[10]

Beginning in 2007, Camp Swift became home to the 136th Combat Arms Training Regiment and Texas National Guard Training Center of Excellence. ^[11] The 136th Regiment conducts military occupational specialty qualification courses, Noncommissioned Officer Education System courses, Officer Candidate School, Warrant Officer Candidate School, and other specialty courses. ^[12]

Camp Swift has educational facilities and classrooms, a gas chamber, an airborne drop zone, rifle and pistol ranges, helicopter landing sites and a land navigation course. ^[11]

Geography

Camp Swift is located north of the center of Bastrop County. ^[13] It is about 37 miles (60 km) east of Austin and 7 miles (11 km) north of Bastrop. Texas State Highway 95 forms the western edge of the community, connecting Bastrop to the south with Elgin to the north.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 12.1 square miles (31.4 km²), of which 12.0 square miles (31.2 km²) is land and 0.08 square miles (0.2 km²), or 0.65%, is water. ^[3]

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
2020	7,943		—
U.S. Decennial Census [14] 1850–1900 [15] 1910 [16] 1920 [17] 1930 [18] 1940 [19] 1950 [20] 1960 [21] 1970 [22] 1980 [23] 1990 [24] 2000 [25] 2010 [26]

2020 census

Camp Swift racial composition as of 2020 ^[27]
(NH = Non-Hispanic) ^{[lower-alpha 1]}

Race	Number	Percentage
White (NH)	2,476	31.17%
Black or African American (NH)	457	5.75%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH)	30	0.38%
Asian (NH)	22	0.28%
Some Other Race (NH)	37	0.47%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH)	139	1.75%
Hispanic or Latino	4,782	60.2%
Total	7,943

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 7,943 people, 1,444 households, and 1,025 families residing in the CDP.

As of the census ^[2] of 2000, there were 4,731 people, 1,127 households, and 849 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 396.2 inhabitants per square mile (153.0/km²). There were 1,231 housing units at an average density of 103.1 per square mile (39.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 73.28% White, 8.84% African American, 1.16% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 13.11% from other races, and 3.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 37.88% of the population.

There were 1,127 households, out of which 40.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.6% were non-families. 19.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 22.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 42.5% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 5.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 185.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 224.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,833, and the median income for a family was $44,352. Males had a median income of $30,572 versus $25,044 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,829. About 9.2% of families and 11.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 25.7% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure

Federal Correctional Institution Bastrop, a prison of the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP), is in Camp Swift. ^[29]

Education

Camp Swift is served by the Bastrop Independent School District. ^{[30] [31]} Most residents are zoned to Lost Pines Elementary School, ^[32] while a small southern section is zoned to Mina Elementary School. ^[33] All residents are zoned to Bastrop Intermediate School, Bastrop Middle School, and Bastrop High School. ^[34]

See also

• Texas portal

• Texas Military Forces
• Texas Military Department
• List of conflicts involving the Texas Military
• Awards and decorations of the Texas Military
• List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the United States
• List of census-designated places in Texas

Notes

1. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race. ^[28]

References

1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Camp Swift, Texas
2. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Camp Swift CDP, Texas". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
4. Krammer, Arnold (1979). Nazi Prisoners of War in America . New York: Stein and Day. p.  90,260. ISBN   0812825713.
5. Reed, Byron (May 17, 2021). "Regis University restarting scholarship named for Walter Springs". KUSA.com. Retrieved June 6, 2021.
6. "Camp Swift". Archived from the original on August 11, 2023. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
7. https://www.capmembers.com/cadet_programs/activities/encampment/winter-2016-encampments/%5B%5D
8. "Property Details". Archived from the original on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
9. Crowell, Ed (December 2014). "Camp Swift". Texas Co-op Power: 26, 27.
10. "REPI Program Project Profile Camp Swift" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
11. "Camp Swift". Archived from the original on November 6, 2023. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
12. "136th Regiment (Combat Arms) (Regional Training Institute)". Archived from the original on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
13. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
14. "Decennial Census by Decade". United States Census Bureau .
15. "1900 Census of Population - Population of Texas By Counties And Minor Civil Divisions" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
16. "1910 Census of Population - Supplement for Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
17. "1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
18. "1930 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
19. "1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
20. "1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
21. "1960 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
22. "1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
23. "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
24. "1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
25. "2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
26. "2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau .
27. "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
28. "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". www.census.gov. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
29. "2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP (INDEX): Camp Swift CDP, TX" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 1 (PDF p. 2/3). Retrieved December 3, 2022. Federal Correctional Institution Bastrop
30. "2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Camp Swift CDP, TX." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on January 23, 2017.
31. "District Boundary/Attendance Maps" (Archive). Bastrop Independent School District. Retrieved on January 23, 2017. The zone map shows most of Camp Swift as being within the Lost Pines Elementary zone with a segment in the Mina zone. "Bastrop feeder pattern: Bastrop High School, Bastrop Middle School, Bastrop Intermediate School,[...]Lost Pines Elementary,[...]"
32. "Lost Pines Elementary Attendance Boundary." Bastrop Independent School District. Retrieved on January 23, 2017.
33. "Mina Elementary Attendance Boundary." Bastrop Independent School District. Retrieved on January 23, 2017.
34. "Bastrop ISD Attendance Boundaries." Bastrop Independent School District. Retrieved on January 23, 2017.

External links

• Camp Swift from the Handbook of Texas Online
• Camp Swift page on the Texas Military Department website