Cannonball House | |
Location | 856 Mulberry Street, Macon, Georgia |
---|---|
Coordinates | 32°50′24″N83°37′56″W / 32.84002°N 83.63220°W |
Built | 1853 |
Architectural style | Greek Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 71000249 [1] |
Added to NRHP | 1971 |
The Cannonball House is a historically significant Greek revival house located at 856 Mulberry Street in Macon, Georgia, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. [2]
It earned its name after sustaining damage from a Union Army cannonball strike on July 30, 1864, in the American Civil War. [3] A bronze cannon forged at the Macon Arsenal in 1864 is set in the front yard.
The Cannonball House was constructed in 1853 as a planter's townhouse [2] for Judge Asa Holt. [4] It is also known as the Home of Judge Ada Holt or the Mansion of the Old South. [5]
The house is furnished in the period from 1853 to 1870. [2] It contains artifacts from the world's first female college Wesleyan College.
The rear of the Cannonball House has a hand-molded two-story brick kitchen. Servants’ quarters are on the upper level. Few preserved structures of this type remain in the Southern United States today. [2]
On July 30, 1864, during the Battle of Dunlap Hill, the U.S. Army, under General George Stoneman’s command, fired a cannon from what is now the Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, across the Ocmulgee River.[ citation needed ] The Union's iron cannonball first struck the sand sidewalk, bounced into the left middle column of the house’s front facade, passed through a parlor, ultimately resting in the interior hallway. [5] No one was injured or died, but Cannonball House was the only home in Macon that received damage. [6]
Judge Asa Holt lived in Cannonball House during the Civil War, and his family owned it until 1962. With the home liened for taxes and the City of Macon interested in razing it for a parking lot, the United Daughters of the Confederacy purchased it from the last residing family member, Miss Elizabeth Martin. The UDC made her an upstairs apartment, and she was the Cannonball House’s first tour guide. [2]
The house is owned and operated as a historic house museum by The Friends of the Cannonball House, a non-profit that promotes Macon’s architectural and cultural past. [6] It displays artifacts from the antebellum era through the reconstruction era. [2] Visitors can tour the house, browse the collection of Civil War artifacts, join historical and educational programs, roam the garden, and enjoy the gift shop. [7]
The house holds several important historical pieces. Collections include those for Alpha Delta Pi (Adelphean), Phi Mu (Philomathean), Civil war, general museum, and the servant's quarters. [8]
The Adelphean Society, now known as Alpha Delta Pi, is the first national collegiate women's society. The parlor holds some of the society's original furnishings, window treatments, and a marble mantel. [9]
Today known as Phi Mu, the Philomathean Collection in the house contains window treatments, some furniture, and a marble mantel. [10]
The Civil War museum that is a part of the house displays Georgian officers' uniforms and their used weapons. Uniforms include the jacket of Richmond Depot Type II. Company flags can be found in this collection, such as the Jackson Artillery Flag. [11]
Textiles and period clothing are found and rotated in the general collection. Quilts handmade between 1850 through 1920, nineteenth century wedding dresses, original day dresses, and children's clothing all rotate in and out of display due to their fragility. [12]
The Servant's Quarters' collection holds two beds, trunks, and spinning wheels. There are three tables and tea sets. More items include a wardrobe, straight chairs, a weasel, pie safe, grain bin, and bathtub. [13]
John Stith Pemberton was an American pharmacist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. On May 8, 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become Coca-Cola, but sold the rights to the drink shortly before his death in 1888.
Telfair County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,477. The largest city and county seat is McRae-Helena.
Crawford County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,130. The county seat is Knoxville.
Bleckley County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,583. The county seat is Cochran.
Bibb County is located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, its population was 157,346. Bibb County is geographically located in the Central Georgia region, and is the largest county in the Macon metropolitan area.
Macon, officially Macon–Bibb County, is a consolidated city-county in Georgia, United States. Situated near the fall line of the Ocmulgee River, it is 85 miles (137 km) southeast of Atlanta and near the state's geographic center—hence its nickname "The Heart of Georgia".
The Georgia State Capitol is an architecturally and historically significant building in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The building has been named a National Historic Landmark which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. As the primary office building of Georgia's government, the capitol houses the offices of the governor, lieutenant governor, and secretary of state on the second floor, chambers in which the General Assembly, consisting of the Georgia State Senate and Georgia House of Representatives, meets annually from January to April. The fourth floor houses visitors' galleries overlooking the legislative chambers and a museum located near the rotunda in which a statue of Miss Freedom caps the dome.
Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park in Macon, Georgia, United States preserves traces of over ten millennia of culture from the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands. Its chief remains are major earthworks built before 1000 CE by the South Appalachian Mississippian culture These include the Great Temple and other ceremonial mounds, a burial mound, and defensive trenches. They represented highly skilled engineering techniques and soil knowledge, and the organization of many laborers. The site has evidence of "12,000 years of continuous human habitation." The 3,336-acre (13.50 km2) park is located on the east bank of the Ocmulgee River. Macon, Georgia developed around the site after the United States built Fort Benjamin Hawkins nearby in 1806 to support trading with Native Americans.
Wesleyan College is a private, liberal arts women's college in Macon, Georgia, United States. Founded in 1836, Wesleyan was the first college in the world chartered to grant degrees to women. It opened in 1839, two years after the opening of Mount Holyoke College.
A. H. Stephens State Park is a 1,177 acres (476 ha) Georgia state park located in Crawfordville. The park is named for Alexander H. Stephens, the Vice President of the Confederate States of America, and a former Georgia governor. The park contains Stephens' home, Liberty Hall, which has been fully restored to its original 1875 style. The park's museum houses one of Georgia's largest collections of American Civil War artifacts. The park also offers several mill ponds for fishing and nature trails.
Fort Hawkins was a fort built between 1806 and 1810 by the United States Army during President Thomas Jefferson's administration. Built in what is now Georgia on the Fall Line on the east side of the Ocmulgee River, the fort overlooked the Ocmulgee Old Fields. The Lower Creek Trading Path passed by just outside the fort's northwestern blockhouse, and continued in a westerly direction to a natural ford on the Ocmulgee River. The fort became important to the Lower Creek Indians, the United States, and the State of Georgia for economic, military, and political reasons.
The Atlanta History Center is a history museum and research center located in the Buckhead district of Atlanta, Georgia. The Museum was founded in 1926, and has a large campus featuring historic gardens and houses, including Swan House, Smith Farm, and Wood Family Cabin. Atlanta History Center's Midtown Campus includes the Margaret Mitchell House & Museum. Atlanta History Center holds one of the largest collections of Civil War artifacts in the United States.
The Battle of Lovejoy's Station was fought on August 20, 1864, near what is now Lovejoy, Georgia, in Clayton County, during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. The two sides had arrived at something of a stalemate, with the Union army half-encircling Atlanta and the Confederate defenders staying behind their fortifications.
Juliette is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monroe County, Georgia, United States. The community is part of the Macon metropolitan statistical area. Named for Juliette McCracken, daughter of a railroad engineer, the town formed with the merging of Brownsville and Iceberg. The film Fried Green Tomatoes was filmed there, and the town has been the focal point of three popular Southern humor books. After the filming of Fried Green Tomatoes, the sets used for the town's main street were renovated into a tourist district, complete with a fully operational "Whistle Stop Cafe".
Rose Hill Cemetery is a 50-acre cemetery located on the banks of the Ocmulgee River in Macon, Georgia, United States, that opened in 1840. Simri Rose, a horticulturist and designer of the cemetery, was instrumental in the planning of the city of Macon and planned Rose Hill Cemetery in return for being able to choose his own burial plot. The cemetery is named in his honor.
The Green–Meldrim House is a historic house at 14 West Macon Street, on the northwest corner of Madison Square, in Savannah, Georgia. Built in 1853, it was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1976 as one of the American South's finest and most lavish examples of Gothic Revival architecture. The house is owned by the adjacent St. John's Episcopal Church, which offers tours and uses it as a meeting and reception space.
Headquarters House, also known as the Colonel Tebbetts place, is a historic house museum at 118 East Dickson Street in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Built in 1850, it saw action in the American Civil War, serving as a headquarters for both the Union and Confederacy. During the action at Fayetteville, the house was attacked by Confederate troops while serving as a Union outpost. The building was donated to the Washington County Historical Society as a museum in 1967 and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
The Lamar mounds and village site (9BI2) is an important archaeological site on the banks of the Ocmulgee River in Bibb County, Georgia, several miles to the southeast of the Ocmulgee mound site. Both mound sites are part of the Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, a national park and historic district created in 1936 and run by the U.S. National Park Service. Historians and archaeologists have theorized that the site is the location of the main village of the Ichisi encountered by the Hernando de Soto expedition in 1539.
The Macon Historic District is a historic district in Macon, Georgia that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and was expanded in 1995. The original listing covered 587 acres (238 ha) and included 1,050 contributing resources; the increase added 101 acres (41 ha) and 157 contributing resources.
Riverside Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery in Macon, Georgia established in 1887. It is approximately 54 acres (22 ha) in size and privately owned. Over 18,000 people are interred here.
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