Cardamine

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Cardamine
Cardamine oligosperma 6649.JPG
Cardamine oligosperma
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Cardamine
L.
Species

See list of Cardamine species

Synonyms [1]
  • DentariaTourn. ex L.
  • DracamineNieuwl.
  • GhiniaBubani
  • HeterocarpusPhil.
  • ItiGarn.-Jones & P.N.Johnson
  • LoxostemonHook.f. & Thomson
  • Sphaerotorrhiza(O.E.Schulz) A.P.Khokhr.

Cardamine is a large genus of flowering plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae, known as bittercresses and toothworts. It contains more than 200 species of annuals and perennials. [1] Species in this genus can be found in diverse habitats worldwide, except the Antarctic. [1] The name Cardamine is derived from the Greek kardaminē, water cress, from kardamon, pepper grass. [2]

Contents

Description

The leaves can have different forms, from minute to medium in size. They can be simple, pinnate or bipinnate. They are basal and cauline (growing on the upper part of the stem), with narrow tips. They are rosulate (forming a rosette). The blade margins can be entire, serrate or dentate. The stem internodes lack firmness.[ clarification needed ]

The radially symmetrical flowers grow in a racemose many-flowered inflorescence or in corymbs. The white, pink or purple flowers are minute to medium-sized. The petals are longer than the sepals. The fertile flowers are hermaphroditic.[ citation needed ]

Taxonomy

The genus Cardamine was first formally named in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum . [3] As of August 2024, there are 264 accepted species in Kew's Plants of the World Online database. [1]

The genus name Dentaria is a commonly used synonym for some species of Cardamine.

Species

Select species include: [1]

Ecology

Cardamine pratensis from Thome: Flora von Deutschland, Osterreich und der Schweiz 1885 Illustration Cardamine pratensis0.jpg
Cardamine pratensis from Thomé: Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz 1885

This plant[ clarification needed ] is also used as one of the main food sources for the butterfly Pieris oleracea. [5] [ page needed ]

Uses

The roots of most species are edible raw. [6]

Some species were reputed to have medicinal qualities (treatment of heart or stomach ailments).

Related Research Articles

<i>Nasturtium</i> (plant genus) Genus of flowering plants

Nasturtium is a genus of a small number of plant species in the family Brassicaceae commonly known as watercress or yellowcress. The best known species are the edible Nasturtium officinale and Nasturtium microphyllum. Nasturtium was previously synonymised with Rorippa, but molecular evidence supports its maintenance as a distinct genus more closely related to Cardamine than to Rorippasensu stricto.

There are over 190 vascular plant species on the Norwegian Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. This figure does not include algae, mosses, and lichens, which are non-vascular plants. For an island so far north, this number of species constitutes an astonishing variety of plant life. Because of the harsh climate and the short growing season, all the plants are slow growing. They seldom grow higher than 10 cm (4 in)

<i>Draba</i> Genus of flowering plants

Draba is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, commonly known as whitlow-grasses.

<i>Cardamine hirsuta</i> Species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae

Cardamine hirsuta, commonly called hairy bittercress, is an annual or biennial species of plant in the family Brassicaceae, and is edible as a salad green. It is common in moist areas around the world.

<i>Cardamine concatenata</i> Species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae

Cardamine concatenata, the cutleaved toothwort, crow's toes, pepper root or purple-flowered toothwort, is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is a perennial woodland wildflower native to eastern North America.

<i>Cardamine diphylla</i> Species of flowering plant in the cabbage family Brassicaceae

Cardamine diphylla is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is a spring flowering woodland plant that is native to eastern North America.

<i>Cardamine angustata</i> Species of flowering plant

Cardamine angustata is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States, that produces white to pink or purple flowers in early spring.

<i>Cardamine maxima</i> Species of flowering plant

Cardamine maxima is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae.

Cardamine dissecta is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae.

Cardamine incisa is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family Brassicaceae.

<i>Cardamine trifolia</i> Species of plant

Cardamine trifolia, the trefoil cress, trifoliate bittercress, or three-leaved cuckoo flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is native to central and southern Europe, and has been introduced to Great Britain. It appears to have spread from glacial refugia in the Austrian Alps, the western Carpathians, and a part of northern Italy extending into the Dinaric Alps of the former Yugoslavia. A creeping perennial, in the garden it is recommended as a ground cover in shady areas.

<i>Cardamine enneaphyllos</i> Species of plant

Cardamine enneaphyllos, the nine-leaved toothwort, nine-leaved coralwort, or drooping bittercress, is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to east-central Europe, and on into Italy and the Balkans. A spreading rhizomatous geophyte, it prefers shady situations.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Cardamine L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  2. ↑ "Definition of CARDAMINE". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
  3. ↑ "Cardamine L." ipni.org. International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
  4. ↑ English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 387. ISBN   978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2016– via Korea Forest Service.
  5. ↑ Davis, Samantha L. (17 May 2015). Evaluating Threats to the Rare Butterfly, Pieris Virginiensis (PDF) (PhD thesis). Wright State University. pp. 24, 27, 43. S2CID   89373310 . Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  6. ↑ Angier, Bradford (1974). Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books. p. 226. ISBN   0-8117-0616-8. OCLC   799792.

Bibliography

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