Cascade mountain wolf

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Cascade Mountains wolf
Dogs, jackals, wolves, and foxes (Plate IV) C. l. fuscus mod.jpg
Illustration based on a description by Edward Alphonso Goldman
Status iucn3.1 EX.svg
Extinct  (1940)  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Canis
Species:
Subspecies:
C. l. fuscus
Trinomial name
Canis lupus fuscus
Richardson 1839 [1]
North American gray wolf subspecies distribution according to Goldman (1944) & MSW3 (2005).png
Historical and present range of gray wolf subspecies in North America
Synonyms [2]
  • Canis lupus gigas (Townsend, 1850)

The Cascade mountain wolf (Canis lupus fuscus) is an extinct subspecies of the gray wolf that was once found in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington), [3] but became extinct in 1940. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

It was originally identified as a separate species by Richardson in 1839 [4] and from other wolves in the area by Edward Goldman in 1945. [5] It is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005). [6]

Description

It was described as a cinnamon-coloured wolf, measuring 165 cm (65 in) and weighing 36–49 kg (79–108 lb). [7]

Resettlement

Recently another subspecies, the British Columbia wolf (Canis lupus columbianus), has established itself in the Cascade mountain wolf's past territory by following the Cascade Range through Washington and is now west of the Cascade Crest, [8] expanding across Oregon, [9] and into northern California to Lassen Peak, where in 2019 the Lassen pack produced 3 pups. [10]

Related Research Articles

Subspecies of <i>Canis lupus</i>

There are 38 subspecies of Canis lupus listed in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World. These subspecies were named over the past 250 years, and since their naming, a number of them have gone extinct. The nominate subspecies is the Eurasian wolf.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tundra wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The tundra wolf, also known as the Turukhan wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to Eurasia's tundra and forest-tundra zones from Finland to the Kamchatka Peninsula. It was first described in 1792 by Robert Kerr, who described it as living around the Yenisei, and of having a highly valued pelt.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northwestern wolf</span> Subspecies of mammal

The northwestern wolf, also known as the Mackenzie Valley wolf, Alaskan timber wolf, or Canadian timber wolf, is a subspecies of gray wolf in western North America. Arguably the largest gray wolf subspecies in the world, it ranges from Alaska, the upper Mackenzie River Valley; southward throughout the western Canadian provinces, aside from prairie landscapes in its southern portions, as well as the Northwestern United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steppe wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The steppe wolf, also known as the Caspian Sea wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf native to the Caspian steppes, the steppe regions of the Caucasus, the lower Volga region, southern Kazakhstan north to the middle of the Emba, and the steppe regions of the lower European part of the former Soviet Union. It may also occur in northern Afghanistan and Iran, and possibly the steppe regions of far eastern Romania, Hungary and other areas of Eastern Europe. Studies have shown this wolf to be a host for rabies. Due to its close proximity to humans and domestic animals, the need for a reliable vaccine is high.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Newfoundland wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of the gray wolf

The Newfoundland wolf was a subspecies of grey wolf that was native to Newfoundland. As a food source, the species would prey and rely on the Newfoundland caribou. During the autumn and early winter, some wolves would turn white while others remained dark enough to look black.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenai Peninsula wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of the gray wolf in southern Alaska

The Kenai Peninsula wolf, also known as the Kenai Peninsula grey wolf, is an extinct subspecies of the gray wolf that lived on the Kenai Peninsula in southern Alaska.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bernard's wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of the gray wolf in the Canadian Arctic

Bernard's wolf, also known as the Banks Island wolf or the Banks Island tundra wolf, is an extinct subspecies of the gray wolf that was limited to Banks and Victoria Island of the Arctic Archipelago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Florida black wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of red wolf

The Florida black wolf, also known as the Florida wolf and the black wolf, is an extinct subspecies of red wolf that was endemic to Florida.

Gregory's wolf, also known as the Mississippi Valley wolf, was a subspecies of the red wolf. It was declared extinct in 1980. It once roamed the regions in and around the lower Mississippi River basin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manitoba wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of carnivore

The Manitoba wolf, also known as the grey-white wolf, is an extinct subspecies of gray wolf that roamed in the southern Northwest Territories, northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, and south-central Manitoba. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hudson Bay wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The Hudson Bay wolf is a subspecies of gray wolf native to the northern Kivalliq Region, including the northwestern coast of Hudson Bay in Canada. It was first classed as a distinct subspecies in 1941 by Edward Goldman, who described it as being a white colored, medium-sized subspecies similar to C. l. arctos, but with a flatter skull. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Labrador wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The Labrador wolf is a subspecies of gray wolf native to Labrador and northern Quebec. It has been described as ranging in color from dark grizzly-gray to almost white, and of being closely related to the Newfoundland wolf. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mackenzie River wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The Mackenzie River wolf or Mackenzie Arctic Wolf is a subspecies of gray wolf which is found in Canada's southern portion of Northwest Territories. Not much has been published on Canis lupus mackenzii but one of the most comprehensive studies was done in 1954 by W.A. Fuller, Wolf Control Operations, Southern Mackenzie District, Canada Wildlife Service Report. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baffin Island wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The Baffin Island wolf, also known as the Baffin Island tundra wolf, is a subspecies of grey wolf which resides exclusively on Baffin Island and several nearby islands. It was not formally recognized as a subspecies until 1943, when it was given its taxonomic classification by Anderson. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mogollon mountain wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of gray wolf

The Mogollon mountain wolf is an extinct subspecies of gray wolf whose range once included Arizona and New Mexico. It is darker than its more northern cousins, and has a highly arched frontal bone.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Texas wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of gray wolf

The Texas wolf is an extinct subspecies of gray wolf, distinct from the Texas red wolf, whose range once included southern and western Texas and northeastern Mexico.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alaskan tundra wolf</span> Subspecies of carnivore

The Alaskan tundra wolf, also known as the barren-ground wolf, is a North American subspecies of gray wolf native to the barren grounds of the Arctic coastal tundra region. It was named in 1912 by Gerrit Smith Miller Jr., who noted that it closely approaches the Great Plains wolf in skull and tooth morphology, though possessing a narrower rostrum and palate. It is a large, white-colored wolf closely resembling C. l. pambasileus, though lighter in color. This wolf is recognized as a subspecies of Canis lupus in the taxonomic authority Mammal Species of the World (2005).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Rocky Mountain wolf</span> Extinct subspecies of the gray wolf

The southern Rocky Mountain wolf is an extinct subspecies of gray wolf which was once distributed over southeastern Idaho, southwestern Wyoming, northeastern Nevada, Utah, western and central Colorado, northwestern Arizona, and northwestern New Mexico. It was a light-colored, medium-sized subspecies closely resembling the Great Plains wolf, though larger, with more blackish-buff hairs on the back. This wolf went extinct by 1935. Wolves of the subspecies Canis lupus occidentalis have now been reestablished in Idaho and Wyoming.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mongolian wolf</span> Subspecies of mammal

The Mongolian wolf is a subspecies of gray wolf which is native to Mongolia, northern and central China, Korea, and the Ussuri region of Russia.

The Austro-Hungarian wolf, also called the reed wolf, common reed wolf, grey reed wolf or Hungarian reed wolf, is a wolf or wolf-like animal that is thought to have once inhabited present-day Hungary and eastern present-day Austria. It is generally assumed to have gone extinct before 1900 or in the early 20th century.

References

  1. "Canis lupus fuscus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  2. Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–628. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
  3. 1 2 Charles Bergman (2003). Wild Echoes: Encounters With the Most Endangered Animals in North America. University of Illinois Press. pp. 256–. ISBN   978-0-252-07125-6.
  4. Joshua Ross Ginsberg; David David Whyte Macdonald (1990). Foxes, Wolves, Jackals, and Dogs: An Action Plan for the Conservation of Canids. IUCN. pp. 6–. ISBN   978-2-88032-996-9.
  5. Barry Lopez (2004). Of Wolves and Men. Simon and Schuster. pp. 13–. ISBN   978-0-7432-4936-2.
  6. Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 575–577. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
  7. David Day (1981). The Encyclopedia of Vanished Species. Universe Books ltd. ISBN   0-947889-30-2.
  8. "Wolf pack living west of Cascade Mountains for first time in decades". 4 April 2019.
  9. "ODFW Gray Wolf Population".
  10. "Wolf Management Update". California Department of Fish and Wildlife. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020.