Choco broad-nosed bat

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Choco broad-nosed bat
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Phyllostomidae
Genus: Platyrrhinus
Species:
P. chocoensis
Binomial name
Platyrrhinus chocoensis
Alberico & Velasco, 1991
Platyrrhinus chocoensis map.svg
Synonyms

Vampyrops chocoensis

The Choco broad-nosed bat (Platyrrhinus chocoensis) is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is native to Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador, where it is found in the Choco region lowlands. [1] [2] It is threatened by habitat loss. [1] In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation. [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was first encountered in 1984 in Colombia. Its species name chocoensis is derived from the region where it was found, the Chocó Department. [4] A morphological study suggested that it may be the most basal (earliest offshoot) of its genus, [5] however, another study using DNA suggested that the Platyrrhinus of the Chocó region diverged from Platyrrhinus of the Amazonian Craton, and that the white-lined broad-nosed bat was more basal. [6]

Description

Their forearms are 47–51 mm (1.9–2.0 in) long. They have a single whisker on their upper lip, [7] and seven whiskers surrounding their nose-leaf. [8] They have dark facial stripes. Their ears have well-defined folds. [8] They have narrow dorsal stripes. Individual dorsal hairs are tricolored, with the base, mid, and tip of the hair different colors; ventral hairs are bicolored. The third metacarpal is shorter than the fifth metacarpal. They weigh approximately 30 g (1.1 oz), making them "medium-sized" for their genus. [8]

Biology and ecology

They are frugivorous, [1] but are also known as pollinators. [9] They are likely polyestrous, as pregnant females have been encountered throughout the year. [10]

Distribution

This species has been documented in two sites in the lowland of southern Panama. It has been found in over twenty sites in both Colombia and Ecuador. They live in the Pacific-facing side of Colombia and western Ecuador. They are found in lower elevation habitat, from 1–1,000 m (3.3–3,300 ft) above sea level. [1]

Conservation

In 2020, this species was listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, based on a projected decline of 50%. However, the decline appears more moderate now, and it is listed as vulnerable due to a projected decline of 30%. Its range includes protected areas, such as Utría National Natural Park and Los Katíos National Park, both in Colombia. Areas where the bat occur are being converted to agricultural use, particularly cocoa farming, [9] which threatens the species. Illegal mining in Colombia is also responsible for its habitat destruction. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leaf-nosed bat</span> Family of bats

The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) are found from southern North America to South America, specifically from the Southwest United States to northern Argentina. They are ecologically the most varied and diverse family within the order Chiroptera. Most species are insectivorous, but the phyllostomid bats include within their number true predatory species and frugivores. For example, the spectral bat, the largest bat in the Americas, eats vertebrate prey, including small, dove-sized birds. Members of this family have evolved to use food groups such as fruit, nectar, pollen, insects, frogs, other bats, and small vertebrates, and in the case of the vampire bats, even blood.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dark long-tongued bat</span> Species of mammal belonging to the New World leaf-nosed bat family

The dark long-tongued bat is a species of bat from South and Central America. It was formerly considered the only species within the genus Lichonycteris, but is now recognized as one of two species in that genus, along with the pale brown long-nosed bat. It is small species of bat, with adults weighing 6–11 g (0.21–0.39 oz) and having a total length of 46–63 mm (1.8–2.5 in).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Recife broad-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Recife broad-nosed bat, is a species of bat from South America. It is named for the city of Recife in Brazil, where it was first recorded by Oldfield Thomas in 1901.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Great stripe-faced bat</span> Species of bat

The great stripe-faced bat or stripe-faced vampire bat is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northwestern Brazil, as well as on Trinidad. The great stripe-faced bat is a frugivore. It is one of two species within the genus Vampyrodes the other being Vampyrodes major.

<i>Platyrrhinus</i> Genus of bats

Platyrrhinus is a genus of leaf-nosed bats in the tribe Stenodermatini of family Phyllostomidae. Twenty one species are known:

<i>Sturnira</i> Genus of bats

Sturnira known as a yellow-shouldered bat or American epauleted bat, is a genus of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. The genus name comes from the Latin for "starling" and refers to HMS Starling, which took part in an 1836 voyage to Brazil during which the type specimen was collected. It contains the following species:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bogotá yellow-shouldered bat</span> Species of bat

The Bogotá yellow-shouldered bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela at altitudes from 300 m to above 2000 m, particularly in cloud forest. The species is primarily frugivorous; it may also consume nectar and pollen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lesser yellow-shouldered bat</span> Species of bat

The lesser yellow-shouldered bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is native to Peru and Ecuador. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blunt-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The blunt-eared bat or Peruvian crevice-dwelling bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is monotypic within the genus Tomopeas and subfamily Tomopeatinae. It is endemic to Peru, where it is considered critically endangered. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stenodermatinae</span> Subfamily of bats

Stenodermatinae is a large subfamily of bats in the family Phyllostomidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Western round-eared bat</span> Species of bat

The western round-eared bat is a bat species found only on the Pacific coast of northwestern Ecuador.

The slender broad-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. As a phyllostomid bat, it is characterized by a narrow uropatagium which is fringed with hair; a white dorsal stripe; large inner upper incisors convergent at the tips; and three upper and three lower molars. It is found in eastern Colombia and Ecuador, north-eastern Peru, and Venezuela. It is closely related to Platyrrhinus incarum and Platyrrhinus fusciventris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The brown-bellied broad-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. As a phyllostomid bat, it is characterized by a narrow uropatagium which is fringed with hair; a white dorsal stripe; large inner upper incisors convergent at the tips; and three upper and three lower molars. It is found in Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago, northern Brazil, eastern Ecuador, and southern Venezuela. It is closely related to Platyrrhinus incarum and Platyrrhinus angustirostris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matapalo broad-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Matapalo broad-nosed bat is a species of leaf-nosed bat described in 2005. It is found in South America.

<i>Platyrrhinus ismaeli</i> Species of bat

Platyrrhinus ismaeli is a species of bat found in South America.

<i>Platyrrhinus albericoi</i> Species of bat

Platyrrhinus albericoi is a species of leaf-nosed bat found in South America.

<i>Sturnira bakeri</i> Species of mammal

Sturnira bakeri is a species of bat found in South-America.

The Quechua broad-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru.

The western broad-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Ramirez-Chaves, H.; Suárez-Castro, A. (2020) [amended version of 2015 assessment]. "Platyrrhinus chocoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T17568A166501543. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T17568A166501543.en . Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  2. ↑ Simmons, Nancy B. (2005), "Chiroptera", in Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (eds.), Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 312–529, ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0 , retrieved 13 September 2009
  3. ↑ "Annual Report 2013-2014" (PDF). batcon.org. Bat Conservation International. August 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
  4. ↑ Alberico, M. S., & Velasco, E. (1991). Description of a new broad-nosed bat from Colombia. Bonner Zoologische Beiträge, 42, 237-239.
  5. ↑ Velazco, P. M. (2005). Morphological phylogeny of the bat genus Platyrrhinus Saussure, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with the description of four new species. Fieldiana Zoology, 1-53.
  6. ↑ Velazco, P. M., & Patterson, B. D. (2008). Phylogenetics and biogeography of the broad-nosed bats, genus Platyrrhinus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 49(3), 749-759.
  7. ↑ Velazco, P.M., A.L. Gardner and B.D. Patterson. 2010. Systematic of the Platyrrhinus helleri complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with description of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 159: 785–812.
  8. 1 2 3 Velazco Garcia, P. M. (2009). Historical diversification in the neotropics: Evolution and variation of the bat genus platyrrhinus (Order No. 3381066). pp 16-28. Available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global; SciTech Premium Collection.
  9. 1 2 Regan, E. C., Santini, L., Ingwall‐King, L., Hoffmann, M., Rondinini, C., Symes, A., ... & Butchart, S. H. (2015). Global trends in the status of bird and mammal pollinators. Conservation Letters, 8(6), 397-403
  10. ↑ Gardner, A.L. 2008. Mammals of South America: Volume I. Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
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