Kumquats, or cumquats in Australian English, are a group of small, angiosperm, fruit-bearing trees in the family Rutaceae. Their taxonomy is disputed. They were previously classified as forming the now-historical genus Fortunella or placed within Citrus, sensu lato. Different classifications have alternatively assigned them to anywhere from a single species, Citrus japonica, to numerous species representing each cultivar. Recent genomic analysis defines three pure species, Citrus hindsii, C. margarita and C. crassifolia, with C. × japonica being a hybrid of the last two.
Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus Citrus is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion ; and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas.
Calamansi, also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is a citrus hybrid cultivated predominantly in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, as well as parts of southern China and Taiwan.
Catharanthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. Like the genus Vinca, they are known commonly as periwinkles. There are eight known species. Seven are endemic to Madagascar, though one, C. roseus, is widely naturalized around the world. The eighth species, C. pusillus, is native to India and Sri Lanka. The name Catharanthus comes from the Greek for "pure flower".
The trifoliate orange, Citrus trifoliata, is a member of the family Rutaceae. Whether the trifoliate oranges should be considered to belong to their own genus, Poncirus, or be included in the genus Citrus is debated. The species is unusual among citrus for having deciduous, compound leaves and pubescent (downy) fruit.
The limequat is a citrus hybrid that is the result of a cross between the Key lime and the kumquat, hybridized by Walter Tennyson Swingle in 1909.
The mandarinquat, also misleadingly called orangequat, is any cross between a mandarin and a kumquat. Mandarinquats are members of the citrofortunella group.
Walter Tennyson Swingle was an American agricultural botanist who contributed greatly to the classification and taxonomy of citrus.
Citropsis is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae. They are known generally as African cherry oranges. They are native to Africa.
Citrus japonica, the round kumquat, Marumi kumquat, or Morgani kumquat, is a species of citrus fruit in the genus Citrus. It was first described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1780 as Fortunella japonica.
Citrus crassifolia, the Meiwa kumquat, is a species of kumquat; a type of citrus fruit in the genus Citrus, family Rutaceae. It was first described by the American botanist Walter Tennyson Swingle in 1915 as Fortunella crassifolia.
Citrus macroptera, natively known as hatkhora or cabuyao, Melanesian papeda, or wild orange, is a semi-wild species of citrus native to the Sylhet region of Bangladesh and the Barak Valley Division of the Indian state of Assam.
The citrangequat is a citrus hybrid of a citrange and a kumquat, developed by Walter Swingle at Eustis, Florida, in 1909. Citrangequats are bitter in taste, but are considered edible by some at the peak of their maturity. Three named cultivars exist:
Clymenia is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae with two species. The genus is often included in Citrus.
Citrus macrophylla, also known as alemow, is a citrus tree and fruit, belonging to the papedas.
Clausena is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae. It was first defined by the Dutch botanist Nicolaas Laurens Burman in 1768. It is distributed in Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.
Citrus taxonomy refers to the botanical classification of the species, varieties, cultivars, and graft hybrids within the genus Citrus and related genera, found in cultivation and in the wild.
Citrus obovata, the Jiangsu kumquat or Fukushu kumquat, is a species of kumquat; a type of citrus fruit in the genus Citrus, family Rutaceae. It was first described by the French biologist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1838.
Citrus hindsii, the Hong Kong kumquat, is a species of kumquat; a type of citrus fruit in the genus Citrus, family Rutaceae. This specific name is first published in World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1): 15 (1999). Recent phylogenetic analysis suggested that C. hindsii is a single 'true' species.
Citrus swinglei, the Malayan kumquat, is a species of kumquat; a type of citrus fruit in the genus Citrus, family Rutaceae. It was first described by Burkill ex Harms in 1931.
