Clavelinidae

Clavelinidae
Clavelina lepadiformis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Tunicata
Class:	Ascidiacea
Order:	Aplousobranchia
Family:	Clavelinidae Forbes & Hanley, 1848 [1]
Type genus
Clavelina Savigny, 1816
Synonyms [2] [3]
Pycnoclavellidae Kott, 1990 [4]

Clavelinidae is a family of tunicates in the order Aplousobranchia.

Genera

As of 2024 ^[update] , WoRMS recognizes the following genera in the family Clavelinidae: ^[2]

• Clavelina Savigny, 1816
• Euclavella Kott, 1990
• Nephtheis Gould, 1856
• Pycnoclavella Garstang, 1891

Phylogeny

Pycnoclavella has occasionally been placed in a separate family, Pycnoclavellidae, although phylogenetic studies have recovered it as a relative of Clavelina. In multiple analyses, the monotypic genus Nephtheis appears to branch from within Clavelina. ^{[5] [6]}

References

1. Forbes, Edward; Hanley, Sylvanus (1853) [1848]. "Clavelinidæ; or, Social Ascidians". A History of British Mollusca, and Their Shells. Vol. I. Including the Tunicata, and the Families of Lamellibranchiata as far as Cyprinidæ. London: John van Voorst. pp. 25–28.
2. Shenkar, N., Gittenberger, A., Lambert, G., Rius, M., Moreira Da Rocha, R., Swalla, B.J., Turon, X. (2018). Shenkar N, Gittenberger A, Lambert G, Rius M, Moreira Da Rocha R, Swalla BJ, Turon X (eds.). "Clavelinidae Forbes & Hanley, 1848". Ascidiacea World Database. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved February 26, 2024.
3. Pérez-Portela, Rocío; Turon, Xavier (2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of the Clavelinidae and Pycnoclavellidae (Ascidiacea) inferred from mtDNA data". Invertebrate Biology. 127 (1): 108–120. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2007.00112.x . JSTOR   40206249.
4. Kott, Patricia (1990). "The Australian Ascidiacea Part 2, Aplousobranchia (1)". Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 29 (1): 66–67.
5. Pérez-Portela, Rocío; Turon, Xavier (January 2008). "Phylogenetic relationships of the Clavelinidae and Pycnoclavellidae (Ascidiacea) inferred from mtDNA data". Invertebrate Biology. 127 (1): 108–120. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2007.00112.x. ISSN   1077-8306.
6. Hasegawa, Naohiro; Kajihara, Hiroshi (2024). "Graveyards of Giant Pandas at the Bottom of the Sea? A Strange-Looking New Species of Colonial Ascidians in the Genus Clavelina (Tunicata: Ascidiacea)". Species Diversity: 53–64. doi: 10.12782/specdiv.29.53 . Retrieved 2024-02-19.