Coffee stamp

Last updated
Probably the oldest coffee stamp in the world issued in Ethiopia (1894) 1894 1G Ethiopia unused Mi3.jpg
Probably the oldest coffee stamp in the world issued in Ethiopia (1894)

A coffee stamp is a postage stamp with designs related to coffee. [1] [2] The oldest is believed to have been issued in Ethiopia in 1894. [3] [4] It is estimated that more than 300 types have been issued so far. [1] Many deal with the coffee tree as a plant. [5] From harvesting, processing, and transportation operations to coffee cups and cafes, the objects and designs are diverse. [6] [7] Coffee stamps have become the subject of stamp collecting, where stamps are collected on a specific theme. [2]

Contents

History

The first appearance of coffee as a stamp design was on a stamp issued in Ethiopia around 1894. [3] This is often regarded as the beginning of coffee stamps. [8] [9] Monochrome print with a portrait of Emperor Menelik II surrounded by branches of coffee trees. [8] All early coffee stamps, including this one, were only depicted with coffee tree branches around the portrait or coat of arms. [8]

Later, as stamps became an object of collecting, [10] they became a medium for disseminating one's culture to the rest of the world. [2] A series of coffee stamps were issued by coffee-producing countries to promote their coffee. [11] In countries where coffee is a typical product, there are also examples of designs that symbolize the country's industry. [12] Coffee is also featured as a familiar material on ordinary postage stamps, as it is an everyday commonplace in the producing countries. [12] Finding a coffee-producing country, especially in Latin America, that does not issue coffee stamps is even more challenging. [13]

Around 1980, a series of stamps on the country's food culture theme were issued in many countries worldwide. [4] More coffee stamps are being issued in coffee-consuming countries. [3] Also, as the issue of scented stamps increased in the 21st century, coffee stamps with a coffee flavor were also issued. [4] Scented coffee stamps were issued in Brazil in 2001, [7] New Caledonia in 2002 [4] and Portugal in 2009. [14]

Coffee stamps have been issued by dozens of countries as of 2011, [4] and it is estimated that there are more than 300 types of stamps, including those with the same design but different denominations. [4]

Design

Many of the countries issuing coffee stamps are coffee-producing countries. [3] [12] Early coffee stamps, such as the Ethiopian stamp of 1894, believed to be the first coffee stamp, were often designed with a coffee tree branch around a portrait or coat of arms. Eventually, coffee stamps were issued to promote the country's coffee and advertise it worldwide as an export product. Coffee stamps of diverse designs were issued. [8]

Many deal with the coffee tree as a plant. [5] For example, buds and saplings, [8] green leaves, [12] white flowers and red fruits. [7] [12] Some deal with operations such as harvesting, [12] sorting, and drying.

Some coffee stamps deal with the logistics of coffee beans by oxen, cars, and boats. [8] Harvesting by beautiful women is one of the standard designs for coffee stamps. [7] Many coffee stamps deal with people and commemorative events related to coffee. [12]

Increasingly, coffee-consuming countries are also issuing stamps containing coffee-related designs. [3] Many designs related to coffee poured into coffee cups and drinking. [7]

Countries of issue

Africa

Africa is a coffee-producing region [15] and is second only to Latin America to issue coffee stamps. [1]

Ethiopia

Ethiopia is considered the origin of the coffee tree. [9] [13] Although small in quantity, it is a source of good-quality coffee beans. [16] Wild coffee trees also exist, and the coffee beans harvested from them are prized as Ethiopian or Abyssinian. [16] Ethiopia was the first country to have coffee as a design on a postage stamp. [13] Stamps depicting coffee trees with red-red berries have been issued. [16] In 1982, a set of five stamps was issued depicting a coffee tree sapling, a coffee shipment, and even a traditional coffee-drinking ceremony. [8]

Kenya

From 1935 [16] to 1954, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanganyika issued stamps in common [17] depicting coffee gardens with Mount Kilimanjaro in the distance. [18]

In Kenya, a stamp was issued in 1963 depicting the harvest in a coffee garden, [16] and coffee was also featured on a commemorative stamp for the 25th anniversary of independence in 1988. [19]

Rwanda

Coffee and banana are Rwanda's main exports, along with tea. [20] Commemorative stamp issued in 1963 to commemorate independence in 1962, featuring a coffee tree flower, a branch with fruit and a coffee bean. [20] One of the two mini-sheets published in 1975 to commemorate the 10th anniversary of agricultural modernization also depicts red ripe coffee berries and harvesting. [21]

Former French colonies in Africa

Stamps issued in 1956 in French territory Africa with the same design French Africa coffee stamp 1956.jpg
Stamps issued in 1956 in French territory Africa with the same design

Stamps issued with the same design in Equatorial Africa, West Africa and Madagascar, which were French territories, also feature a flowering coffee tree branch. [15]

Cameroon

Coffee was also a major export in Cameroon, along with cocoa and bananas. Two sets of stamps issued in 1954, one showing a man carrying a basket of harvested bananas on his head and the other showing a half-naked woman harvesting coffee. [16]

Five stamps were issued in 1973 [19] to promote agriculture and forestry, each featuring cotton, cocoa, wood, coffee and tea. The coffee stamps are beautifully colored with dark green leaves, pure white flowers and red-red fruits. [22]

Ivory Coast

Ivory Coast is a major coffee producer, and coffee is depicted on seven stamps with the same design and different denominations issued between 1936 and 1944, [15] and on a commemorative stamp issued in 1970 for the 10th anniversary of independence. [19]

Other Africa

The French overseas department Réunion Island in the Indian Ocean produces very little coffee, but coffee tree branches, leaves and berries are designed on a stamp issued in 1947. [10]

An unusual design is a stamp issued by the Republic of Congo in 1991, depicting coffee pests as an awareness campaign for pest control. [7]

Mozambique, [15] Uganda, Tanzania and Gabon are also known to issue coffee stamps. [5] [12]

Middle East

Yemen

Definitive stamp issued in Yemen between 1947 and 1958 Yemen coffee stamp 1947.jpg
Definitive stamp issued in Yemen between 1947 and 1958

Yemen, on the other side of the Red Sea from Ethiopia, produces a coffee bean called Arabian mocha, but the amount produced is negligible. [23] However, the country has a strong relationship with coffee, with the port city of Mokha, which prospered as a collection point for African coffee beans from Ethiopia and other countries, [23] and the national emblem has a coffee tree design. [8] A regular stamp issued between 1947 and 1958 [24] shows a flowering [19] coffee tree within the gates of a mosque [8] in a beautiful Arabesque pattern. [24]

In December 1989, Yemen issued a 300 fils coffee plant stamp. The stamp commemorated the centenary of the establishment of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. [25]

Other Middle East

Other coffee stamps have been issued in the Middle East in Jordan, [8] Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Tunisia. [26] A set of five stamps issued in Jordan in 2008 was designed with a set of Arabic-style tools from roasting to extraction. [8]

Europe

Itary

This is not a coffee stamp; ESPRESSO means express mail. EspressolStampItaly1903Michel85.jpg
This is not a coffee stamp; ESPRESSO means express mail.

A stamp issued in Italy in 1903 has the word 'ESPRESSO' printed on it. However, this has nothing to do with coffee espresso and means express mail in Italian. [27]

Poland

In 2009, Poland issued a stamp sheet with the theme 'Polish footprints in Europe', [14] depicting Kulczycki and coffee beans. [9]

Austria

In Austria, a postage stamp of a café by Wolfgang Herzig was issued in 1999, [9] [28] and in 2011, a stamp featuring the exterior of the long-established Café Hawelka, [28] and its specialty coffee 'mélange' with frothy cream [9] on top, respectively. [14]

France

In France, a stamp depicting a café with a garçon was issued in 2006 as one of a series of ten stamp sheets on regional food culture. [14]

Netherlands

Netherlands issued a commemorative stamp for the 250th anniversary of the coffee company in 2003 and a stamp depicting a coffee-drinking fairy in 2008. [28]

Other Europe

Sweden issued a stamp in 2006 [13] on the theme of 'coffee culture', [29] Portugal issued a scented stamp in 2009 and Bosnia and Herzegovina is known for a stamp issued in 2009 depicting Bosnian-style coffee, [14] and Bosnia and Herzegovina is known for a stamp issued in 2009 depicting Bosnian-style coffee. [28]

North America

In 1979, a stamp with coffeepots as a folk Art design was sold in the US. [30]

Also, one of a set of ten greeting stamps issued in the US in 1987 depicted coffee in a coffee cup. [14] This, along with the glasses and the crossword puzzle, was designed to symbolize fatherhood. [14]

Central America

Including the southern half of Mexico, where the Tropic of Cancer crosses the center of the country, [10] Central America is in the coffee belt and is a suitable area for coffee cultivation. [31] However, the emphasis on stamps varies from country to country, partly due to their national conditions. [31]

Costa Rica

Transporting coffee in a two-horse ox cart. Costa Rica, 1945. Costa Rica coffee stamp 1945.jpg
Transporting coffee in a two-horse ox cart. Costa Rica, 1945.

In Costa Rica, where coffee cultivation is said to have started by the end of the 18th century, the earliest of all Central American countries, a number of coffee stamps have been issued. [32]

In 1921, a stamp printed with a coffee bag overlaid with the words 'CAFÉ DE COSTA RICA' on a regular 1 céntimos stamp was issued in 5 céntimo to commemorate the centenary of the introduction of coffee to Costa Rica, which was only valid for eight days before and after 29 June 1921. [33]

A stamp issued in 1945 with precise intaglio printing [21] depicting a two-bullock cart transporting coffee. [34] In 1949, as part of the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Universal Postal Union, a commemorative stamp was issued depicting a branch of a coffee tree with fruit and a pigeon. [20] One of the 14 commemorative stamps issued for the National Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Exposition in 1950 in five categories – cattle, tuna, pineapple, banana and coffee [32] – shows a woman holding harvested coffee beans in a basket. [4]

The country also issued a commemorative stamp during the 1970 World Exposition in Japan, [4] one of a set of six stamps depicting a young woman smiling while harvesting red-red coffee berries against a background of dark green coffee trees. [31]

El Salvador

Beauty pageant winners and coffee tree leaves, 1924 El Salvador coffee stamp 1924.jpg
Beauty pageant winners and coffee tree leaves, 1924

El Salvador is also focusing on coffee production and export. El Salvador's coffee stamps include a 1924 beauty contest winner with coffee tree leaves around her, [4] a 1935 issue with coffee in a gunny sack and a watercraft depicting the port, [35] a 1940 issue with coffee tree flowers in full bloom and fruit in full bloom. two stamps of coffee trees, [35] a set of nine commemorative stamps depicting nine women harvesting coffee[4] as part of the centenary of the Santa Ana Department [19] in 1956 [4] and a set of six stamps depicting the cultivation process as part of the 50th anniversary of the Coffee Association of El Salvador in 1979. [19]

In addition to these, there is a triangular stamp with a design of a lady sitting on a chair with a coffee cup in her hand against a background of coffee trees. [31] In Spanish and English it reads 'USE SALVADOR COFFEE IT IS THE BEST GROWN', but it is reportedly not found in the Scott catalogue, and the year and purpose of issue are unknown. [31]

Mexico

Coffee beans from Mexico are known as Mexican coffee, but few coffee stamps have been issued in Mexico. [36] A commemorative stamp of the Second Inter-American Council of Agriculture held in Mexico in 1942, with a design of a hand holding a fruiting coffee tree, [10] was issued as a set of three stamps together with corn and bananas, [37] and one of a series of stamps issued in 1988 for export products was known as the Mexican coffee stamps. [8]

Guatemala

Guatemala and Nicaragua are the other two countries in Central America known to issue coffee stamps. [12] [5]

Guatemala issued a stamp in 1929 with the words 'GUATEMARLA PRODUCES THE BEST COFFEE IN THE WORLD'. [38]

In Guatemala, one of five stamps issued in 1950 [19] to promote export agricultural products, including bananas and sugarcane, depicted a woman harvesting coffee berries. [35] In addition, a mini-sheet illustrating the coffee process from harvest to shipping was published in 2006. [19] Furthermore, in Guatemala, a postmark from 1933 has been identified, although not a postage stamp, stating in four languages that 'Guatemala produces the best coffee in the world'. [13]

West Indies

Stamps issued in Jamaica, then a British territory, depicting the Blue Mountains range (1956) 1962 Jamaica 8d stamp.jpg
Stamps issued in Jamaica, then a British territory, depicting the Blue Mountains range (1956)
Stamps issued in Trinidad and Tobago, then a British territory (1938 - ) Trinidad & Tobago coffee stamps.jpg
Stamps issued in Trinidad and Tobago, then a British territory (1938 – )

All of the West Indies are within the Bean Belt, and coffee is produced in all of them, albeit in varying quantities. [39] One of the most famous is Jamaica, which produces Blue Mountain. [34] During the British period, when tea was the national beverage in the UK, Blue Mountains happened to be served with dessert at a royal dinner. [40] and became a royal treasure, earning it the reputation of being the world's finest variety. [17] To commemorate the 300th anniversary of Jamaica becoming a British territory in 1955, a stamp was issued the following year, 1956, with the Blue Mountains as the design. [40] Four variants with different coloured frames were issued in different denominations. [40]

In Cuba, where coffee was grown earlier than in the West Indies, three commemorative stamps were issued in 1952, 200 years after the first coffee tree was transplanted. [39] In 1960, three different Christmas stamps were issued with different background colors and denominations. [21] These depicted white coffee flowers and hymn sheet music. [21]

In Haiti, which occupies the western third of the island of Hispaniola, and the Dominican Republic, which occupies the eastern two-thirds, coffee is also a major product, along with sugar cane and cocoa. [41] In Haiti, an elaborate intaglio print issued in 1928 [21] has a central design of a branch with coffee flowers and fruit. [42] The Dominican Republic has issued six ordinary stamps of different colors and denominations with the same design of cocoa and coffee on a branch, issued in 1961. [42]

In Trinidad and Tobago, then a British territory, a two-cent stamp issued between 1938 and 1941 depicts the building of the Agricultural College, while a 12-cent stamp depicts the public hall of the city of San Fernando, both with a branch of a coffee tree bearing fruit on the outer border. [43]

In Guadeloupe, a French overseas department, a stamp issued in 1947 depicted two women harvesting coffee. [4]

South America

Brazil

Commemorative stamp issued in Brazil to commemorate the visit of King Albert of Belgium (1920) Stamp of Brazil - 1920 - Colnect 203055 - Visit of king Albert of Belgium.jpeg
Commemorative stamp issued in Brazil to commemorate the visit of King Albert of Belgium (1920)

South America is the world's largest coffee-producing region, [39] with Brazil being the world's largest producer. [44] Brazil has issued numerous coffee stamps. [13] Commemorative stamp issued in 1920 for the visit of King and Queen Albert of Belgium to Brazil, showing King Albert and President Pessoa's portraits side by side, with a branch of a coffee tree bearing fruit to the right of President Pessoa. [7]

In 1928, a coffee stamp was issued to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the introduction of coffee to Brazil. [45]

In Brazil, coffee scented stamps were launched in 2001. [46] [7] [47]

Colombia

Stamps issued in 1939 Colombia-1939-coffee stamp.jpg
Stamps issued in 1939

Colombia is also a leading coffee producer and, along with Brazil, has issued many coffee stamps. [13]

A stamp issued in 1932 shows a man harvesting coffee, and it can be seen that the coffee tree is a cultivated coffee tree, which unlike the wild, is controlled to a height of two to three meters. [48]

A postage stamp issued in 1956 shows a portrait of the world's longest-lived man, Javier Pereira, who is believed to have lived to be 167 years old, with the words "No se preocupe, tome mucho café, fume un buen cigarro." (Don't worry, drink a lot of coffee, smoke a good cigarette.) which he said was the secret of his long life. [7] [14]

In 1959, after the country's representative, Luz Marina Zuluaga, won the Miss Universe pageant in 1958, [4] a commemorative stamp was issued with the national flower, the orchid, on the winner's left and a branch of a coffee tree with fruit on the right. [20]

In 1989, Colombia issued a stamp featuring a map of the world with the producing countries that are members of the International Coffee Organization painted in red and the consuming countries in green. [8]

Other South America

Venezuela, [5] Peru [13] and Suriname are also known to issue coffee stamps. [12]

Asia

One of the stamps issued in Indonesia to promote agro-forestry industry, 1960 IDN 1960 MiNr0271 mt B002.jpg
One of the stamps issued in Indonesia to promote agro-forestry industry, 1960
Donation amount imprinted above (1961) Stamp of Indonesia - 1961 - Colnect 260727 - Flood Relief Fund.jpeg
Donation amount imprinted above (1961)

India is believed to have brought back coffee plants by Muslim pilgrims from the Middle East. The Dutch people brought it to Indonesia. [13] Coffee is therefore produced from India to South-East Asia, but few coffee stamps have been issued. [49]

In 1960, a set of eight stamps issued by Indonesia on the theme of promoting agro-forestry industry featured coffee, along with oil palm, sugarcane, tobacco, tea, coconut palm, rubber and rice. [49] It depicts a branch of a coffee tree bearing fruit, and was issued at a face value of 15 cents, but a 10-cent donation for flood relief in the following year, 1961, is known to have been added to the printing. [49]

In 2008, Laos issued a stamp promoting its coffee. [28]

In Japan, a commemorative stamp for the "Japan-Brazil Year of Exchange" was issued in 2008. [14] It is a set of two stamps, one on the left side with a visa stamp from the beginning of emigration to Brazil, and the other on the right side with the Kasato Maru, which brought the first immigrants to Brazil, [14] each with a coffee bean on it. [50]

In 2021, stamps with "Iced Coffee" and "An toast Pudding, and Coffee" are being sold under the theme of "Food of Nagoya." [51]

Vietnam also issues coffee stamps. [5] [12] In Vietnam, coffee scented stamps were sold in 2022. [52]

India

The first coffee stamp in India was issued in 1968. [53]

In 2017, coffee scented stamps were sold in Bangalore, India. [54] [55]

Oceania

In Oceania, coffee is also grown in the Coffee Belt region. [56] Of these regions, Papua New Guinea depicted coffee on one of the eight stamps issued in 1958 to promote agriculture, forestry, and livestock production. [56] The red fruit on the dark green leafed branches of the coffee tree is a beautiful postage stamp. [56] Papua New Guinea also issued a coffee stamp in 2010, this time depicting coffee from germination to fruition on a set of four stamps. [21]

In 2002, New Caledonia issued stamps known as coffee stamps. They are coffee-scented stamps, consisting of three sheets featuring a coffee bean, a roasting scene, and a café. [4]

A stamp issued in Vanuatu in 2011 depicts a woman wearing hibiscus and a cappuccino. [4]

Coffee is also grown in Hawaii, and Kona coffee is prominent as the only coffee growing region in the United States, but no stamps are known about it. [37]

Coffee can also be seen on a stamp issued by Australia in 1988 jointly with New Zealand to commemorate the bicentennial of the friendship of the country. [14] The cartoon depicts a koala and a kiwi, [28] and the koala can be seen holding a cup of coffee. [14] Also, one of the six-packs issued by New Zealand in 1999 to commemorate the millennium, has a plain white coffee cup as the design. [14] This was once a specialty on New Zealand's trams. [14] In addition, New Zealand also issued a variant stamp in the shape of a coffee cup in 2005. [13]

United Nations

International Coffee Agreement, published by the United Nations Postal Service, 1966 Unstamp convenio del cafe 11.jpg
International Coffee Agreement, published by the United Nations Postal Service, 1966

The United Nations Postal Service also has a coffee stamp issued by the United Nations Postal Administration; it was issued in 1966 to commemorate the International Coffee Agreement signed in 1962, and was printed by the Printing National Printing Bureau in Japan. [11]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamp</span> Piece of paper which shows payment for postage

A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage. Then the stamp is affixed to the face or address-side of any item of mail—an envelope or other postal cover —which they wish to send. The item is then processed by the postal system, where a postmark or cancellation mark—in modern usage indicating date and point of origin of mailing—is applied to the stamp and its left and right sides to prevent its reuse. Next the item is delivered to its addressee.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Canada</span>

The postal and philatelic history of Canada concerns postage of the territories which have formed Canada. Before Canadian confederation, the colonies of British Columbia and Vancouver Island, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Newfoundland issued stamps in their own names. The postal history falls into four major periods: French control (1604–1763), British control (1763–1841), colonial government control (1841–1867), and Canada, since 1867.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of the United States</span>

Postal service in the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Great Britain</span> History of British post

Postage stamps and postal history of Great Britain surveys postal history from the United Kingdom and the postage stamps issued by that country and its various historical territories until the present day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Tanzania</span>

The story of the postage stamps and postal history of Tanzania begins with German East Africa, which was occupied by British forces during World War I. After the war, the territory came under British rule, was named Tanganyika and issued stamps under that name until after a union with Zanzibar in 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trans-Mississippi Issue</span> Set of commemorative stamps issued to mark the 1898 Trans-Mississippi Exposition

The Trans-Mississippi Issue is a set of nine commemorative postage stamps issued by the United States to mark the 1898 Trans-Mississippi Exposition held in Omaha, Nebraska. The finely engraved stamps depict various scenes of the West and are presently valued much by collectors. This was only the second commemorative issue offered by the U.S. Post Office and closely followed the pattern of its predecessor, the Columbian Exposition series of 1893: both sets appeared in conjunction with important international world's fairs; both offered a wide range of stamp denominations; both adopted the double-width stamp format to accommodate pictorial tableaux.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Portuguese India</span>

The postal history of Portuguese India goes back to the earlier days of the colony. The postal history begins with communication between the Viceroy and the Court at Lisbon soon after the conquest of Old Goa by Afonso de Albuquerque in 1510. Letters, written in triplicate, were carried by separate ships because of the hazards of the voyage. Mail was carried by an overland route, as well. The early communications of Portuguese India had an official character and the correspondence is now to be found in museums and governmental and ecclesiastical archives.

<i>Coffea arabica</i> Species of coffee plant

Coffea arabica, also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean makes up most of the remaining coffee production. The natural populations of Coffea arabica are restricted to the forests of South Ethiopia and Yemen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of the Netherlands Antilles</span>

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the postal areas Netherlands Antilles as well as its predecessor Curaçao. The area consisted of the islands Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius as well as Sint Maarten, Curaçao and Aruba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of China</span>

The history of the postage stamps and postal history of China is complicated by the gradual decay of Imperial China and the years of civil war and Japanese occupation in the 1930s and 1940s. In modern times, postal delivery is handled by China Post.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coffee production</span> Industrial process

Coffee production is the industrial process of converting the raw fruit of the coffee plant into the finished coffee. The coffee cherry has the fruit or pulp removed leaving the seed or bean which is then dried. While all green coffee is processed, the method that is used varies and can have a significant effect on the flavor of roasted and brewed coffee. Coffee production is a major source of income for 12.5 million households, most in developing countries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coffee bean</span> Seed of the coffee plant

A coffee bean is a seed from the Coffea plant and the source for coffee. It is the pip inside the red or purple fruit. This fruit is often referred to as a coffee cherry, and like the cherry, it is a fruit with a pip. Even though the coffee beans are not technically beans, they are referred to as such because of their resemblance to true beans. The fruits most commonly contain two stones with their flat sides together. A small percentage of cherries contain a single seed, instead of the usual two, called a "peaberry". The peaberry occurs only between 10% and 15% of the time, and it is a fairly common belief that they have more flavour than normal coffee beans. Like Brazil nuts and white rice, coffee beans consist mostly of endosperm.

Holiday stamps are a type of postage stamp issued to commemorate a particular religious festival or holiday.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps of Ireland</span> Stamps issued by the Republic of Ireland

The postage stamps of Ireland are issued by the postal operator of the independent Irish state. Ireland was part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland when the world's first postage stamps were issued in 1840. These stamps, and all subsequent British issues, were used throughout Ireland until the new Irish Government assumed power in 1922. Beginning on 17 February 1922, existing British stamps were overprinted with Irish text to provide some definitives until separate Irish issues became available within the new Irish Free State. Following the overprints, a regular series of definitive stamps was produced by the new Department of Posts and Telegraphs, using domestic designs. These definitives were issued on 6 December 1922, the day that the Irish Free State officially came into existence; the first was a 2d stamp, depicting a map of Ireland. Since then new images, and additional values as needed, have produced nine definitive series of different designs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps</span> History of U.S. presidents on postage stamps

Presidents of the United States have frequently appeared on U.S. postage stamps since the mid-19th century. The United States Post Office Department released its first two postage stamps in 1847, featuring George Washington on one, and Benjamin Franklin on the other. The advent of presidents on postage stamps has been definitive to U.S. postage stamp design since the first issues were released and set the precedent that U.S. stamp designs would follow for many generations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Epaulettes (stamp)</span> Stamp series issued in Belgium in 1849

Epaulettes is the name given by philatelists to the first series of postage stamps issued by Belgium. The stamps, which depicted King Leopold I with prominent epaulettes from which the name derives, became legally usable on 1 July 1849. Two denominations with the same design were issued simultaneously: a brown 10 centimes and a blue 20 centimes. They were produced as the result of a series of national reforms to the postal system in Belgium, based on the success of similar British measures adopted in 1840. The stamps allowed postal costs to be pre-paid by the sender, rather than the receiver, and led to a sharp increase in the volume of mail. Although quickly superseded by new types, Epaulettes proved influential and have since inspired several series of commemorative stamps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Territories of the United States on stamps</span> Representation of U.S. territories, not yet states, on stamps

Territories of the United States on stamps discusses commemorative postal issues devoted to lands that have been ceded to the nation or purchased by treaty in conjunction with both war and peace. Thirteen states have been created from colonial territories, two from independent republics, four from previous states in the Union, and an additional thirty-one from United States territories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sakura catalog</span> Japanese stamp catalog

The Sakura catalog is an illustrated full-color Japanese stamp catalog.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yano Stamp</span>

The Yano Stamp wes temporarily issued in 1942 during World War II in Japanese-occupied Burma. During the fighting, printed stamps stocked in Rangoon by the British Burmese government were looted, and the personal seal of Shizuo Yano, then chairman of the Burmese Postal Reconstruction Committee, was stamped in red ink on a piece of paper. 45,760 copies were produced between May 28 and 29. The stamps were sold for some time after the June 1 printed stamps were prepared. Yano Stamps is not the official name given by the government; it is a common name.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Ito, Hiroshi 1994, p. 130.
  2. 1 2 3 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 20.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 UCC 2016, p. 101.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 25.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 日本コーヒー文化学会編 (2001-12-15). コーヒーの事典. 株式会社柴田書店. p. 85.
  6. ↑ Baba, Chie 2011, p. 70.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 UCC 2016, p. 102.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 24.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Hirabayashi, Toshihiko 2017, p. 73.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 118.
  11. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 115.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ito, Hiroshi 1994, p. 131.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 21.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 23.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 121.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 122.
  17. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 117.
  18. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, pp. 121–122.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UCC 2016, p. 103.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 116.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Baba, Chie 2011, p. 22.
  22. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, pp. 123–124.
  23. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, pp. 122–123.
  24. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 123.
  25. ↑ Linn’s stamp news (2018-05-22). "Yemen Coffee Plant stamp in demand" . Retrieved 2023-10-14.
  26. ↑ "世界コーヒー切手紀行". UCCコーヒー博物館. UCC上島珈琲株式会社. Retrieved 2022-12-15.
  27. ↑ Linn’s stamp news (2014-09-26). "Italy's issue of 1903 formalized payment for urgent mail service" . Retrieved 2023-10-15.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 UCC 2016, p. 104.
  29. ↑ Baba, Chie 2011, pp. 23–24.
  30. ↑ Linn’s stamp news (2021-05-16). "Espresso drink fans get four U.S. stamps for their favorites" . Retrieved 2023-10-15.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, p. 142.
  32. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, pp. 142–143.
  33. ↑ >Linn’s stamp news (2021-04-30). "How Costa Rica used overprint on 1922 stamps to promote its coffee" . Retrieved 2023-10-15.
  34. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, p. 143.
  35. 1 2 3 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, p. 141.
  36. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, pp. 140–141.
  37. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2011, p. 140.
  38. ↑ LINN’S Stamp News (2020-04-15). "Look for Guatemalan airmail with inverted overprint" . Retrieved 2023-10-22.
  39. 1 2 3 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2012, p. 125.
  40. 1 2 3 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2012, p. 126.
  41. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2012, pp. 126–127.
  42. 1 2 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2012, p. 127.
  43. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2012, pp. 127–128.
  44. ↑ Hirabayashi, Toshihiko 2017, p. 75.
  45. ↑ LINN’S STAMP NEWS (2020-02-05). "Brazil's 1928 Coffee set popular with topical collectors" . Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  46. ↑ History of Coffee. "Interesting Facts about Coffee Drinks" . Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  47. ↑ "Scented stamp promotes Brazilian coffee". BBC. 2001-12-03. Retrieved 2023-10-27.
  48. ↑ Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, pp. 118–119.
  49. 1 2 3 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 124.
  50. ↑ Hirabayashi, Toshihiko 2017, p. 74.
  51. ↑ Tokyo Bargain Mania. "「コメダ切手」は楽しすぎ！名古屋グルメのユニーク切手欲しいかも。" . Retrieved 2023-11-09.
  52. ↑ "Vietnam issues coffee aroma postage stamps". Vietnam Pictorial. 2022-02-25. Retrieved 2023-11-09.
  53. ↑ DTAMP DIGEST (2020-09-12). "Coffee Industry in India – Stamps on Coffee -India" . Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  54. ↑ "A postal stamp that smells coffee!". Deccan Herald. 2017-04-24. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  55. ↑ "A postage stamp dedicated to coffee". The Hindu. 2017-04-24. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
  56. 1 2 3 Tsuruhara, Ryuji 2010, p. 125.

Sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.