Colton antigen system

Last updated
Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevant human blood group systems. Serology interpretation of antibody panel for blood group antigens.jpg
Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevant human blood group systems.

The Colton antigen system (Co) is present on the membranes of red blood cells and in the tubules of the kidney [1] and helps determine a person's blood type. The Co antigen is found on a protein called aquaporin-1 which is responsible for water homeostasis and urine concentration. [2]

Contents

The Co antigen is important in transfusion medicine. 99.8% of people possess the Co(a) allele. Individuals with Co(b) allele or who are missing the Colton antigen are at risk for a transfusion reaction such as hemolytic anemia or alloimmunization. Antibodies against the Colton antigen may also cause hemolytic disease of the newborn, in which a pregnant woman's body creates antibodies against the blood of her fetus, leading to destruction of the fetal blood cells. [3]

Clinical diagnostic

Clinical testing in patient care for Colton antigens follows published minimum quality and operational requirements, [4] similar to red cell genotyping for any of the other recognized blood group systems. Molecular analysis can identify gene variants (alleles) that may affect Colton antigens expression on the red cell membrane.

References

  1. ↑ Denker BM, Smith BL, Kuhajda FP, Agre P (October 1988). "Identification, purification, and partial characterization of a novel Mr 28,000 integral membrane protein from erythrocytes and renal tubules". J. Biol. Chem. 263: 15634–42. PMID   3049610.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ↑ King LS, Choi M, Fernandez PC, Cartron JP, Agre P (2001). "Defective urinary-concentrating ability due to a complete deficiency of aquaporin-1". N Engl J Med. 345 (3): 175–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM200107193450304. PMID   11463012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ Covin RB, Evans KS, Olshock R, Thompson HW (2001). "Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by anti-Coa". Immunohematology. 17: 45–9. PMID   15373591.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ↑ "Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies (AABB). (2025). Standards for molecular testing for red cell, platelet, and neutrophil antigens, 7th ed. (ISBN: 978-1-56395-516-7)".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.