Xg antigen system

Last updated
Xg blood group
Serology interpretation of antibody panel for blood group antigens.jpg
Interpretation of antibody panel to detect patient antibodies towards the most relevant human blood group systems, including Xg.
Further information: Blood compatibility testing
Identifiers
SymbolXG
Alt. symbolsPBDX
NCBI gene 7499
HGNC 12806
RefSeq NM_175569
Other data
Locus Chr. X p22.32

The XG antigen is a red blood cell surface antigen discovered in 1962. [1] by researchers at the MRC Blood Group Unit. [2]

The PBDX gene that encodes the antigen is located on the short arm of the X chromosome. [3] [4] Since males normally have one X chromosome they are considered hemizygotes. Since women have two copies of the gene and could be heterozygotic for the presence or absence of the functioning gene they could (through the process of lyonisation) express the functioning protein on just some of their red blood cells.[ citation needed ]

Frequency

Population frequencies of Xa [5]
Population Sample
N		Xg
%
Australian Aborigines 35279
Chinese, mainland 17160
North Europeans 5,38866
Indians, Bombay 10065
Israelis 20166
American Indians 30877
New-Guineans 26385
New York's Afro-Americans 21955
Sardinians 32276
Taiwan Chinese 17853
Taiwan Aborigines 16438

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CD109

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References

  1. ↑ Tippett P, Ellis NA (October 1998). "The Xg blood group system: a review". Transfus Med Rev. 12 (4): 233–57. doi:10.1016/S0887-7963(98)80001-1. PMID   9798268.
  2. ↑ Mann, J. D., Cahan, A., Gelb, A. G., Fisher, N., Hamper, J., Tippett, P., Sanger, R., Race, R. R A sex-linked blood group. Lancet. 1962;279:8.
  3. ↑ Ellis NA, Tippett P, Petty A, et al. (November 1994). "PBDX is the XG blood group gene". Nat. Genet. 8 (3): 285–90. doi:10.1038/ng1194-285. PMID   7533029. S2CID   36695727.
  4. ↑ LINDSTEN J, FRACCARO M, POLANI PE, HAMERTON JL, SANGER R, RACE RR (February 1963). "Evidence that the Xg blood group genes are on the short arm of the X chromosome". Nature. 197 (4868): 648–9. Bibcode:1963Natur.197..648L. doi:10.1038/197648a0. PMID   13930842. S2CID   4209911.
  5. ↑ Harrison et al. (1977): Human biology – An introduction to human evolution, variation, growth and ecology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, ISBN   978-0-19-857165-0.


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