Criosfera 1 | |
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  Criosfera 1 | |
| Coordinates: 84°00′S79°30′W / 84.0°S 79.5°W | |
| Country |  Brazil |
| Territory | Brazilian Antarctica |
| Established | 12 January 2012 |
| Website | PROANTAR |
The Criosfera 1 is a Brazilian standalone research module for atmospheric data collection, prepared at the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) for the Brazilian Antarctic Program (PROANTAR).
Inaugurated on 12 January 2012, the module is located on the plateau of the western Antarctica ice sheet, at 84°00' S–79°30' W, 420 kilometres (260 mi) from the Union Glacier, 670 kilometres (420 mi) from the geographical South Pole, and 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) south of the Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base.[ citation needed ]
The expedition for the placement of the module was coordinated by Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) through Professor Jefferson Cardia Simões, director of the Centro Polar e Climático (CPC). The Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), was then represented by Professor Dr. Heitor Evangelista, responsible for the coordination of the project. [1]
Measuring 6.3 metres (21 ft) long, 2.6 metres (8.5 ft) wide, 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) high, and comprising a weight of 3,500 kilograms (7,700 lb), it was planned at 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) above the ground to avoid snow accumulation, allowing so the passage of the winds.[ citation needed ] Among the scientific tasks developed by the staff are ice drilling, assembly and activation of the module, and the surveying of ice morphology and dynamics at the glacier.[ citation needed ]
| Climate data for Criosfera 1 (2014-2021) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −11.6 (11.1) | −12.5 (9.5) | −19.7 (−3.5) | −23.3 (−9.9) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −21.4 (−6.5) | −20.9 (−5.6) | −19.2 (−2.6) | −10.6 (12.9) | −4.7 (23.5) | −4.7 (23.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) | −21.8 (−7.2) | −30.9 (−23.6) | −34.8 (−30.6) | −35 (−31) | −36.1 (−33.0) | −38.3 (−36.9) | −38.5 (−37.3) | −37.2 (−35.0) | −31.7 (−25.1) | −19.7 (−3.5) | −12.4 (9.7) | −29.2 (−20.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −15.9 (3.4) | −24 (−11) | −33.2 (−27.8) | −37.1 (−34.8) | −37.3 (−35.1) | −38.6 (−37.5) | −40.7 (−41.3) | −40.7 (−41.3) | −39.6 (−39.3) | −33.8 (−28.8) | −21.6 (−6.9) | −14.7 (5.5) | −31.4 (−24.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) | −26.3 (−15.3) | −35.4 (−31.7) | −39.3 (−38.7) | −39.6 (−39.3) | −41.1 (−42.0) | −43.2 (−45.8) | −43 (−45) | −42 (−44) | −36 (−33) | −23.9 (−11.0) | −17 (1) | −33.7 (−28.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −25.6 (−14.1) | −37.8 (−36.0) | −44.9 (−48.8) | −49 (−56) | −47.7 (−53.9) | −51.3 (−60.3) | −53.1 (−63.6) | −52.3 (−62.1) | −52 (−62) | −45.1 (−49.2) | −39 (−38) | −23.5 (−10.3) | −53.2 (−63.8) |
| Source: [2] | |||||||||||||
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Bases and camps operated by the Brazilian Antarctic Program in Antarctica | ||
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