David Hurley

Last updated

Linda McMartin
(m. 1977)
David Hurley
AC , CVO , DSC , FTSE
David Hurley official photo (cropped).jpg
Official portrait, 2019
27th Governor-General of Australia
In office
1 July 2019 1 July 2024
Children3
Signature David Hurley signature.svg
Military service
AllegianceAustralia
Branch/service Australian Army
Years of service1972–2014
Rank General
Commands Chief of the Defence Force (2011–2014)
Vice Chief of the Defence Force (2008–2011)
Chief of Joint Operations (2007–2008)
Chief of Capability Development Group (2003–2007)
Land Commander Australia (2002–2003)
1st Brigade (1999–2000)
1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1991–1993)
Battles/wars Operation Solace
Awards Companion of the Order of Australia
Distinguished Service Cross
Knight of the Order of Saint John

General David John Hurley, AC , CVO , DSC , FTSE (born 26 August 1953) is an Australian former senior officer in the Australian Army who served as the 27th governor-general of Australia from 2019 to 2024. He was previously the 38th governor of New South Wales from 2014 to 2019.

Contents

In a 42-year military career, Hurley deployed on Operation Solace in Somalia in 1993, commanded the 1st Brigade (1999–2000), was the inaugural Chief of Capability Development Group (2003–2007) and Chief of Joint Operations (2007–2008) and served as Vice Chief of the Defence Force (2008–2011). His career culminated with his appointment as Chief of the Defence Force on 4 July 2011, in succession to Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston. [1]

Hurley retired from the army in June 2014 and succeeded Marie Bashir as governor of New South Wales in October 2014 on the nomination of Premier Mike Baird. His term concluded in May 2019 and he was subsequently appointed by Queen Elizabeth II as governor-general on the nomination of Prime Minister Scott Morrison. His five-year term commenced in July 2019 and expired in July 2024, with Sam Mostyn succeeding him.

Early life and education

David John Hurley was born on 26 August 1953 in Wollongong, New South Wales, to Norma and James Hurley. [2] His father was an Illawarra steelworker and his mother worked in a grocery store. Hurley grew up in Port Kembla and attended Port Kembla High School, where he completed his Higher School Certificate in 1971. He subsequently graduated from the Royal Military College, Duntroon with a Graduate Diploma in Defence Studies, [3] and from Deakin University with a Bachelor of Arts. [2]

Hurley is married to Linda ( née McMartin) and has three children. [4]

Military career

General Hurley, 2013 131121-D-HU462-072 (10999321763) (David Hurley cropped).jpg
General Hurley, 2013

Hurley entered the Royal Military College, Duntroon, as an officer cadet in January 1972. [5] On graduating from Duntroon in December 1975, he was commissioned a lieutenant in the Royal Australian Infantry Corps. His initial posting was to the 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (1RAR). Promoted to captain, he was appointed adjutant of the Sydney University Regiment before becoming regimental adjutant of the Royal Australian Regiment. He went on exchange to the 1st Battalion, Irish Guards, a British Army unit, before serving with 5th/7th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment. [4]

Promoted to lieutenant colonel, Hurley was posted as the Senior Career Adviser (Armour, Artillery, Engineers and Infantry) in the Office of the Military Secretary in 1990, appointed SO1 (Operations) Headquarters 2nd Division in early 1991, and in November 1991 assumed command of 1RAR, which he led during Operation Solace in Somalia in 1993. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his service during this deployment. [6] In 1994 he became SO1 (Operations), Headquarters 1st Division. [7]

Following promotion to colonel, Hurley was appointed Chief of Staff, Headquarters 1st Division in June 1994, attended the United States Army War College from 1996 to 1997, became Military Secretary to Chief of Army, and was posted to Australian Defence Headquarters as Director of Preparedness and Mobilisation in December 1997. [8] As a brigadier, he assumed command of the 1st Brigade in Darwin in January 1999. During this period he oversaw the brigade's transition to a higher degree of operational readiness and its support to Australian–led operations in East Timor. He went on to be Director General Land Development within Capability Systems in January 2001. [7]

Hurley was promoted to major general in 2001 and served as Head Capability Systems Division from July 2001, and as Land Commander Australia from December 2002. [7] Promoted to lieutenant general, he assumed the new appointment of Chief of Capability Development Group in December 2003, went on to take the newly separated appointment of Chief of Joint Operations in September 2007, and became Vice Chief of the Defence Force in July 2008. [9]

Hurley was promoted to general and succeeded Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston as Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) on 4 July 2011. [1] In January 2012 Hurley completed 40 years service to the Australian Defence Force, [5] and on 20 January while in Paris, he was presented with the insignia for Officer of the Legion of Honour by the French CDF. [10] In February, he was presented with a fifth clasp to the Defence Force Service Medal in recognition of his 40 years of service. [5] Hurley retired from the Australian Army on 30 June 2014, and was succeeded as CDF by Air Chief Marshal Mark Binskin. [11]

Lieutenant General David Morrison, the 2016 Australian of the Year, credited Hurley with the phrase "the standard you walk past is the standard you accept" in his anti-misogyny speech, which became "one of the most quoted phrases" of Morrison's speech. [12]

Governor of New South Wales

On 5 June 2014, New South Wales Premier Mike Baird announced that Hurley would replace Dame Marie Bashir as Governor of New South Wales: he was sworn in on 2 October 2014 after Bashir's term as governor had expired. [13] On 17 March 2015, he was invested as a Knight of the Order of St John by the Lord Prior of the Order, Neil Conn, at a ceremony at Government House, Sydney. [14]

Governor-General of Australia

Hurley at his swearing-in ceremony as the 27th Governor-General of Australia David Hurley swearing-in.jpg
Hurley at his swearing-in ceremony as the 27th Governor-General of Australia

On 16 December 2018, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced that Queen Elizabeth II had approved the appointment of Hurley as the next Governor-General of Australia, succeeding Sir Peter Cosgrove, commencing on 1 July 2019 marking him as the first representative of the monarch who had been born during the latter's reign. [15] [16] [17] Margaret Beazley was designated as his replacement as Governor of New South Wales. [18] Hurley was sworn in as the 27th Governor-General at Parliament House, Canberra, on 1 July 2019. His first words were spoken in the language of the local Aboriginal people, the Ngunnawal language. [19]

On 11 September 2019, when attending an Indonesian national day reception held by the Indonesian Embassy at the Australian National Gallery in Canberra, Hurley opted to make his address to the reception in Indonesian. [20]

On 18 March 2020, [21] a human biosecurity emergency was declared in Australia owing to the risks to human health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, after the National Security Committee met the previous day. The Biosecurity Act 2015 specifies that the Governor-General may declare such an emergency exists if the Health Minister (at the time Greg Hunt) is satisfied that "a listed human disease is posing a severe and immediate threat, or is causing harm, to human health on a nationally significant scale". [22] The Biosecurity (Human Biosecurity Emergency) (Human Coronavirus with Pandemic Potential) Declaration 2020 was declared by Hurley under Section 475 of the Biosecurity Act 2015. [21]

During his tenure, Hurley promoted a leadership program to Morrison. The program — Australian Future Leaders Foundation Limited — was given $18 million in funding, [23] despite having no office, online website or staff. [24] This funding was cancelled by the Albanese government in September 2022, with Treasurer Jim Chalmers stating that it "didn’t pass muster" or represent "value for money". Chalmers stated that there would not be an investigation into Hurley's role in the program. [25]

Hurley was involved in the Scott Morrison ministerial positions controversy when he secretly appointed Morrison to five ministerial positions between March 2020 and May 2021. Hurley was found to have no discretion to refuse Morrison's advice and an inquiry considered criticism of Hurley's role to be "unwarranted". [26] [27]

In June 2022 Hurley apologised for providing a testimonial for a builder who had renovated his private house. This testimonial was used by the builder in their advertising. [28]

Honours and awards

AUS Order of Australia (military) BAR.svg UK Royal Victorian Order ribbon.svg DSC (Australia) ribbon.png Order of St John (UK) ribbon -vector.svg

Australian Active Service Medal ribbon.png Australian Service Medal ribbon.png DFSM with Fed Star.png Australian Defence Medal (Australia) ribbon.png

Legion of Honour - Commander (France).png US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png The Gallant Order of Military Service - Courageous Commander (Malaysia).svg Yudha Dharma Utama Rib.png

Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png Order of the Crown of Thailand - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg Decoration of Merit.jpg Order of Timor-Leste.png

AUS Order of Australia (military) BAR.svg Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)26 January 2010 [29]
Officer of the Order of Australia (AO)26 January 2004 [30]
UK Royal Victorian Order ribbon.svg Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (CVO)14 June 2024 [31]
DSC (Australia) ribbon.png Distinguished Service Cross (DSC)26 November 1993 [6]
Order of St John (UK) ribbon -vector.svg Knight of the Order of St John 17 March 2015 [14]
Australian Active Service Medal ribbon.png Australian Active Service Medal with Somalia clasp [32]
Australian Service Medal ribbon.png Australian Service Medal [32]
DFSM with Fed Star.png Defence Force Service Medal with the Federation Star40–44 years service [5]
Australian Defence Medal (Australia) ribbon.png Australian Defence Medal [32]
Legion of Honour - Commander (France).png Officer of the Legion of Honour (France)20 January 2012 [10]
US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png Commander of the Legion of Merit (United States)10 May 2012 [33]
The Gallant Order of Military Service - Courageous Commander (Malaysia).svg Knight Grand Commander of the Order of Military Service (Malaysia)2012 [34]
Yudha Dharma Utama Rib.png Defence Meritorious Service Star – 1st Class [35] (Indonesia)19 November 2012 [36] [37]
Darjah Utama Bakti Cemerlang (Tentera) ribbon.png Distinguished Service Order (Singapore)13 February 2013 [38]
Order of the Crown of Thailand - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Thailand (Thailand)5 April 2013 [39]
Decoration of Merit.jpg Gold Decoration of Merit (Netherlands)June 2014[ citation needed ]
Order of Timor-Leste.png Grand Collar of the Order of Timor-Leste (Timor-Leste)May 2022 [40]
Badges

Honorary degrees

Honorary appointments

Other appointments

Hurley is an Honorary Patron of the ACT Veterans Rugby Club, Patron of Transport Heritage NSW, [46] [53] Patron of the Australian World Orchestra,[ citation needed ] and the Australian Future Leaders Foundation. [54]

As of 2020 he is one of three patrons of the Australian Indigenous Education Foundation. [55]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of David Hurley David Hurley coat of arms.png
The coat of arms of David Hurley

A coat of arms was created for David Hurley in his capacity as Governor of New South Wales in 2019. [56] [57]

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The following is the order of precedence for Australia:

  1. The King of Australia: His Majesty King Charles III
  2. The Governor-General of Australia: Her Excellency the Hon Sam Mostyn AC
  3. The Governor of the State when within their own State.
  4. The Governors of the other States in order of appointment:
    1. Governor of New South Wales: Margaret Beazley
    2. Governor of Tasmania: Barbara Baker
    3. Governor of South Australia: Frances Adamson
    4. Governor of Queensland: Jeannette Young
    5. Governor of Western Australia: Chris Dawson
    6. Governor of Victoria: Margaret Gardner
  5. When within the Northern Territory, the Administrator of the Northern Territory: Hugh Heggie
  6. The Prime Minister: Anthony Albanese
  7. When within their own State or Territory, the Premier of the State or the Chief Minister of the Territory
  8. The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives in order of election :
    1. President of the Senate Senator: Sue Lines
    2. Speaker of the House of Representatives: Milton Dick
  9. The Chief Justice of Australia: Stephen Gageler
  10. Senior diplomatic posts:
    1. Ambassadors and High Commissioners in order of date of presentation of the Letters of Credence or Commission
    2. Chargés d'affaires en pied or en titre in order of date of presentation of the Letters of Credence or Commission
    3. Chargés d'affaires ad interim and Acting High Commissioners in order of date of assumption of duties
  11. Members of the Federal Executive Council under summons :
    1. Ministry List
  12. The Administrator of the Northern Territory: Hugh Heggie
  13. The Leader of the Opposition: Peter Dutton
  14. Former holders of high offices:
    1. Former Governors-General in order of leaving office:
      1. William Deane (1996–2001)
      2. Peter Hollingworth (2001–2003)
      3. Quentin Bryce (2008–2014)
      4. Peter Cosgrove (2014–2019)
      5. David Hurley (2019-2024)
    2. Former Prime Ministers in order of leaving office:
      1. Paul Keating (1991–1996)
      2. John Howard (1996–2007)
      3. Kevin Rudd
      4. Julia Gillard (2010–2013)
      5. Tony Abbott (2013–2015)
      6. Malcolm Turnbull (2015–2018)
      7. Scott Morrison (2018–2022)
    3. Former Chief Justices in order of leaving office:
      1. Anthony Mason (1987–1995)
      2. Murray Gleeson (1998–2008)
      3. Robert French (2008–2017)
      4. Susan Kiefel (2017–2023)
  15. Premiers of states in order of state populations, then Chief Ministers of the territories in order of territory populations:
    1. Premier of New South Wales: Chris Minns
    2. Premier of Victoria: Jacinta Allan
    3. Premier of Queensland: Annastacia Palaszczuk
    4. Premier of Western Australia: Roger Cook
    5. Premier of South Australia: Peter Malinauskas
    6. Premier of Tasmania: Jeremy Rockliff
    7. Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory: Andrew Barr
    8. Chief Minister of the Northern Territory: Natasha Fyles
  16. The Lord Mayor when within their jurisdiction
  17. Justices of the High Court in order of appointment:
    1. Michelle Gordon AC
    2. James Edelman
    3. Simon Steward
    4. Jacqueline Sarah Gleeson
    5. Jayne Jagot
    6. Robert Beech-Jones
  18. Senior judges:
    1. Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia: Debra Mortimer
    2. Chief Justice of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia : Will Alstergren
    3. Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia : Jointly held with the above by Will Alstergren
  19. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the (Australian) jurisdiction
  20. The other Chief Justices of the Supreme Courts of the States and Territories in order of appointment :
    1. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of South Australia: The Hon Chris Kourakis SC
    2. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Tasmania: The Hon Alan Blow AO
    3. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory: Michael Grant
    4. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria: Anne Ferguson
    5. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Western Australia: Peter Quinlan SC
    6. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales: The Hon Andrew Bell SC
    7. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory: Lucy McCallum
    8. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland: The Hon Helen Bowskill KC
  21. Australian members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom in order of appointment:
    1. The Rt Hon Ian Sinclair AC
    2. The Rt Hon Sir William Heseltine
  22. The Chief of the Defence Force
  23. Chief Judges of State and Territory Courts in order of their appointment to any of their respective jurisdictions' courts
  24. Members of Parliament
  25. Presidents of Federal Tribunals:
    1. The President of the Fair Work Commission: The Hon Justice Adam Hatcher SC
    2. The President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal: The Hon Justice Emilios Kyrou AO
  26. Other Judges of Federal, State and Territory Courts in order of their appointment to any of their respective jurisdictions' courts
  27. Lord Mayors of capital cities in order of city populations:
    1. Lord Mayor of Sydney: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Sydney, Councillor Clover Moore AO
    2. Lord Mayor of Melbourne: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Melbourne, Councillor Sally Capp AO
    3. Lord Mayor of Brisbane: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Brisbane, Councillor Adrian Schrinner
    4. Lord Mayor of Perth: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Perth, Mr Basil Zempilas
    5. Lord Mayor of Adelaide: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Adelaide, Dr Jane Lomax-Smith AM
    6. Lord Mayor of Hobart: The Rt Hon the Lord Mayor of Hobart, Councillor Anna Reynolds
    7. Lord Mayor of Darwin: The Rt Worshipful the Lord Mayor of Darwin, the Hon Kon Vatskalis
  28. Heads of religious communities according to the date of assuming office in Australia
  29. The Presiding Officer(s) of the State Legislature when in their own jurisdiction.
  30. Presiding officers of the other State Legislatures in order of appointment, then Presiding Officer of Territory Legislatures in order of appointment:
    1. Speaker of the Victorian Legislative Assembly: Colin Brooks
    2. Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland: Curtis Pitt
    3. President of the Victorian Legislative Council: Nazih Elasmar
    4. Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly: Jonathan O'Dea
    5. President of the Tasmanian Legislative Council: Craig Farrell
    6. President of the South Australian Legislative Council: John Dawkins)
    7. Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly: Michelle Roberts)
    8. President of the New South Wales Legislative Council: Matthew Mason-Cox
    9. President of the Western Australian Legislative Council: Alanna Clohesy
    10. Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly: Mark Shelton
    11. Speaker of the South Australian House of Assembly: Dan Cregan
    12. Speaker of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly: Joy Burch
    13. Speaker of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly: Ngaree Ah Kit
  31. The members of the particular State Executive Council under summons, then the Members of the other State Executive Councils in order of state populations, and then the Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory and then Members of the Northern Territory Executive Council:
    1. Executive Council of New South Wales
    2. Executive Council of Victoria
    3. Executive Council of Queensland
    4. Executive Council of Western Australia
    5. Executive Council of South Australia
    6. Executive Council of Tasmania
    7. Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory
    8. Executive Council of the Northern Territory
  32. The Leader of the Opposition of the particular State, and then Leaders of the Opposition of State Legislatures in order of state populations, then Leaders of the Opposition in Territory Legislatures in order of territory populations:
    1. Leader of the Opposition of New South Wales: Mark Speakman
    2. Leader of the Opposition of Victoria: John Pesutto
    3. Leader of the Opposition of Queensland: David Crisafulli
    4. Leader of the Opposition of Western Australia: Shane Love
    5. Leader of the Opposition of South Australia: Peter Malinauskas
    6. Leader of the Opposition of Tasmania: Rebecca White
    7. Leader of the Opposition of the Australian Capital Territory: Elizabeth Lee
    8. Leader of the Opposition of the Northern Territory: Lia Finocchiaro
  33. Members of the Federal Executive Council not under summons
  34. Members of the particular State or Territory legislature, and then Members of State and Territory Legislatures in order of population:
    1. New South Wales Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
    2. Victorian Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
    3. Queensland Legislative Assembly
    4. Western Australian Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council
    5. South Australian House of Assembly and Legislative Council
    6. Tasmanian House of Assembly and Legislative Council
    7. Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
    8. Northern Territory Legislative Assembly
  35. The Secretaries of Departments of the Australian Public Service and their peers and the Chiefs of the Air Force, Army, and Navy in order of first appointment to this group:
    1. Chief of Air Force: Air Marshal Robert Chipman
    2. Chief of Army: Lieutenant General Simon Stuart
    3. Chief of Navy: Vice Admiral Mark Hammond
  36. Consuls-General, Consuls and Vice-Consuls according to the date on which recognition was granted
  37. Recipients of Decorations or Honours from the Sovereign, specifically Decorations or Honours which are at or above the Knight Bachelor or above, and precedence being established according to the Australian honours order of wearing, and, where two people hold the same decoration or honour, according to the date on which the award was announced
  38. Citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia

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References

  1. 1 2 Massola, James (1 June 2011). "David Hurley is made new defence force chief as part of sweeping renewal of top brass". The Australian. News Limited. Archived from the original on 14 April 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
  2. 1 2 "The Governor-General's biography | His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Retd)". gg.gov.au. Archived from the original on 10 April 2024. Retrieved 1 July 2019. David Hurley was born in Wollongong, New South Wales on 26 August 1953, the son of Norma and James Hurley. His father was an Illawarra steelworker and his mother worked in a grocery store. He grew up in Port Kembla and attended Port Kembla High School where he completed his Higher School Certificate in 1971. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1975 and with a Graduate Diploma in Defence Studies from Deakin University in 1991. He is married to Linda with whom he has three children: Caitlin, Marcus and Amelia. The Governor-General and Mrs Hurley have three grandchildren.
  3. "General David Hurley". Lowy Institute. Archived from the original on 3 July 2019. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
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  8. List of Witnesses at Public Hearings Archived 7 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine , Parliament House Canberra, 16 April 1998, www.aph.gov.au
  9. Hackett Centenary Lectures Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine , King's College London, 12 November 2010, www.kcl.ac.uk
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Military offices
Preceded by
Major General Peter Abigail
Land Commander Australia
2002–2003
Succeeded by
Major General Ken Gillespie
New title Chief Capability Development Group
2003–2007
Succeeded by
Vice Admiral Matt Tripovich
New title
Separated from the roles of VCDF
Chief of Joint Operations
2007–2008
Succeeded by
Lieutenant General Mark Evans
Preceded by
Lieutenant General Ken Gillespie
Vice Chief of the Defence Force
2008–2011
Succeeded by
Air Marshal Mark Binskin
Preceded by
Air Chief Marshal Angus Houston
Chief of the Defence Force
2011–2014
Succeeded by
Air Chief Marshal Mark Binskin
Government offices
Preceded by Governor of New South Wales
2014–2019
Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor-General of Australia
2019–2024
Succeeded by